多益单字电子书

Wage 是可數名詞，意思是「工資，薪水」。

Companies must pay fair wages to all their employees.

公司必須支付公平的工資給所有員工。

The workers are campaigning for a higher minimum wage.

工人們正在爭取更高的最低工資。

He receives his wage at the end of each week.

他在每週末收到他的工資。

They are fighting for fair wages and better working conditions.

他們正在爭取公平的工資和更好的工作條件。

The company has decided to raise the wages of all employees by 5%.

公司決定將所有員工的工資提高5%。

名詞 allowance 有以下幾種中文解釋與用法：(1) (尤指為特定事項支付的)補貼;津貼;補助 (2) 限額 (3) 父母給的生活費;零用錢。

The perks of the job include a company pension and a generous travel allowance. 

這份工作的特殊待遇包括公司退休金計劃和豐厚的差旅補助。

We have no budget allowance for company outings this year. 

我們今年沒有員工旅遊這項預算補助。

I recommend that we hire employees who are willing to work at home and offer them allowances for electricity and Internet connection. 

我建議我們僱用願意居家工作的員工，並為他們提供電費和網路津貼。

2. 限額

The baggage allowance for most flights is 20 kilos. 

大多數班機給乘客的行李重量限額是 20 公斤。

The recommended daily allowance of vitamin A is 900 micrograms (mcg) for adult men and 700 mcg for adult women. 

維生素 A 的推薦每日攝取量為成年男性 900 微克 (mcg) 和成年女性 700 微克。

3. 父母給的生活費;零用錢

I couldn't have managed at college if I hadn't had an allowance from my parents. 

要不是父母定期給我生活費，我沒法讀完大學。

Providing an allowance to children can teach them about the value of money and financial responsibility.

給孩子零用錢可以讓他們了解金錢的價值和學習財務責任。

She spends most of her allowance on clothes and outings with friends.

她把大部分零用錢都花在衣服上以及和朋友一起出去玩。

Bonus = 獎金 ; Bonus = 額外的好處或優點。

Executives often receive a bonus that's over 100% of their annual salary.

高階主管的獎金常比他們年度薪資的總額更高。

Annual compensation for our employees includes salary and bonus under our incentive plan.

我們的員工獲得的年度報酬包括工資以及按獎勵計劃發放的獎金。

Do we get a Christmas bonus this year?

今年我們有聖誕獎金嗎？

If you don't meet our targets, you'll lose your bonus.

如果你沒有達到我們的目標，你將會失去獎金。

The new contract gives workers less salary, but bonuses for hitting efficiency and sales targets.

新合約給工人較少的薪水，但會給達成效率和銷售目標的獎金。

Bonus = 額外的好處或優點

Being able to bike to work is an added bonus of the new job.

能夠騎自行車上班是這份新工作的額外好處。

Electric cars use carbon-free energy sources and emit no CO2 or other pollutants. As an added bonus, electric vehicles also create less noise and vibration.

電動汽車使用無碳能源，不排放二氧化碳或其他污染物。另外還有額外的好處，電動汽車還產生更少的噪音和振動。

The album contains three new tracks, and the Korean edition includes a bonus disc containing extra footage and interviews with the band.

這張專輯包含三首新曲目，韓文版包括一張附贈光碟，其中包含額外對樂團的採訪鏡頭。

Commission 當作名詞指的是公司根據員工績效(performance)支付的款項，目的是為了鼓勵員工提升生產力並努力達到最高績效例句。

His basic salary is low, but he gets a 20% commission on every machine he sells.

雖然他的底薪很低，但他每賣出一台機器就拿到 20% 的佣金。

The building company gets commission on each house sale.

建築公司每賣出一棟房子都能獲得佣金。

The typical commission rate for sales is about 5% to 50%. 

典型的銷售抽佣比率約為 5% 到 50% 不等。

Most of  the sales staff are on commission.

大多數的銷售人員都是賺取佣金的。

Sales jobs that are commonly paid with a commission-based salary include real estate, computing and technology systems, and automobiles.

通常以佣金來支付工資的銷售工作包括房地產、電腦科技系統以及汽車(產業)。

Tech giant Apple criticizes Meta over its plans to charge developers up to 47.5% commission for virtual goods sold through the Meta Quest store.

科技巨頭 Apple 批評 Meta 計劃針對開發者在 Meta Quest 商店銷售的虛擬商品收取高達 47.5% 的佣金。

來看一則公告：

Commission 當作名詞的第二個解釋是負責調查問題真相或原因的「委員會」，「成立」委員會的動詞可以用 set up、form、或是 establish，例句： 

The election commission officials have not yet released vote totals and percentages.

選舉委員會官員尚未公佈投票總數和百分比。

The government has set up a commission to investigate fraudulent unemployment claims.

政府已成立一個委員會來調查欺詐型失業申請。

A commission has just been appointed to investigate the incident.

委員會剛剛被指定調查這一起事件。

We have no budget allowance for company outings this year. 

我們今年沒有員工旅遊這項預算補助。

Every year the professor takes her students on an outing to Wildlife Park.

每年這位教授都帶她的學生去參觀野生公園。

Rosie is going on a school outing to Wildlife Park.

Rosie 要跟學校去參觀野生公園。

What a beautiful day! So yeah, I'm pretty pumped for today's outing. 

天氣好好啊！ 所以，是的，我對今天的遠足感到非常興奮。

He is always running out of money before payday.

他總是在發薪日把錢花光。

Friday is payday. 

週五是發薪日。

I will pay back your money tomorrow. Tomorrow is payday.

我明天會還你的錢。明天是發薪日。

If a regular payday falls on a bank holiday, the employees would have to wait until the next business day to access their wages.

如果正常發薪日是銀行假日，員工將不得不等到下一個工作日才能取得工資。

在國外一些徵才平台上，也許你會發現職位薪資條件會放上：Salary is commensurate with experience.(薪資與經驗相稱)、competitive salary based on experience(根據經驗提供有競爭力的薪酬)，或是 Ｗe offer a competitive compensation and benefits package.(我們提供有競爭力的薪酬和福利方案)，而不清楚列出薪資水平。這種策略賦予企業在招聘新員工時最佳的談判能力。​

Be commensurate with something = 與(     )成比例的、相稱的

Generally, the first year's salary is commensurate with experience and education level.

一般來說，第一年的薪水與經驗和教育水平相稱。

Your paycheck should be commensurate with the amount of time worked.

你的薪水應該與你的工作時間成比例。

Punishment is supposed to be commensurate with the crime.

懲罰應該與犯下的罪成比例。

Many argue that the level of a nation's defense preparedness should be commensurate with the threat to its security.

許多人認為，一個國家的國防準備水平應該與其安全威脅相稱。

Company retreat 指的是「員工教育訓練旅遊」，國外的企業常常會舉辦一年一度的員工旅遊，除了讓員工放鬆遊玩、聯絡同事間彼此感情之外，旅遊行程也會融入一些培訓課程，在增進公司凝聚力的同時，員工也能夠藉此學習新的技能而提升競爭力。

Taking employees to a company retreat is a good way to get them out of the office and away from the pressures of work. Employees are bound to feel refreshed once the retreat is over. 

帶員工參加教育訓練之旅是讓他們離開辦公室並擺脫工作壓力的好方法。一旦旅程結束，員工一定會感到精神煥發。

Compensation 指的是「員工的報酬（員工獲得的金錢和其他福利的總和）」。​

Annual compensation for our employees includes salary and bonus under our incentive plan.

我們的員工獲得的年度報酬包括工資以及按獎勵計劃發放的獎金。

在多益測驗中與一般的職場上，常出現 compensation package 這個詞。Package 原本的意思是包裹，在這邊compensation package 的意思就是包含薪資(salary)、福利(benefit)、以及剩下所有好處(perk)的「薪酬方案」。除了 compensation package  之外，也有 compensation plan 的說法，例句：

Ｗe offer a competitive compensation and benefits package.

我們提供有競爭力的薪酬和福利方案。

My compensation package includes salary, health insurance, and a company car.

我的工作薪酬待遇包括薪水，健康保險和公司用車。

A compensation plan often includes wages, salaries, benefits, and all other perks.

薪酬方案通常涵蓋工資、薪水、福利、與其他相關好處。

Compensation 另一個很常見的中文解釋是「賠償金」，例句：

You should seek compensation.

你應該要求賠償。

He received $20,000 USD in compensation for a lost eye.

他得到兩萬美金賠償金，作為對失去一隻眼睛的賠償。

You'll have to spend a small fortune in legal fees if you decide to sue for compensation.

如果您決定起訴要求賠償，您將不得不花費一小筆法律費用。

Onboarding is a series of events that help new employees understand their work in their day-to-day job. During the onboarding process, employees are thoroughly introduced to their department and participate in meetings and projects with co-workers.

入職訓練是一系列活動，可以幫助新員工了解他們日常工作的職責。在入職培訓的過程中，(讓)部門同事(藉此)徹底認識新員工，並與同事一起參加會議、參與企劃。

Companies usually host an orientation session for new hires on their first day or during the initial weeks of employment, then put them through onboarding until they become familiar with their job duties.

公司通常會在新員工入職的第一天或入職的最初幾週舉辦一次迎新會，然後讓他們完成入職培訓，直到他們熟悉自己的工作職責。

Onboarding helps companies bring new hires up to speed and make them feel welcome at the company.

入職培訓幫助公司讓新員工跟上進度，讓他們在公司感到歡迎。

在國外，公司的人事部門會對新進員工進行「新進員工導覽會」，英文就叫做 orientation，內容主要是熟悉公司環境及認識公司主管階層，並了解公司內部規範等等。Orientation 也有「大學新生迎新活動週」的解釋，爲了幫助新生了解學校的各項設施服務，各大院校都會在開學前的 1 到 2 個星期安排迎新週。Orientation 的另一個意思是「方向」, 比如說「東西向」用英文說就是 east-west orientation, 手機或是平板的「直立方向」跟「橫向方向」的英文是 portrait orientation 跟 landscape orientation。Orientation 從「方向」這個字引申出來的意思是「定位;導向」，這個字常常出現在行銷策略中，Orientation 的最後一個意思是「價值取向;信仰觀念」。

Companies usually host an orientation session for new hires on their first day or during the initial weeks of employment.

公司通常會在新員工入職的第一天或入職的最初幾週舉辦一次新員工入職培訓。

New employee orientation often includes an introduction to each department in the company and a list of employees to meet who are crucial to the new employee's success. 

新員工入職培訓通常包括對公司每個部門的介紹，以及要結識的對新員工成功至關重要的員工名單。

At the beginning of each fall semester, an orientation program is offered to provide incoming students with information about university services and policies to prepare them for campus life.

在每個秋季學期開始時，都會提供迎新活動，為即將入學的學生提供有關大學服務和政策的信息，以幫助他們為校園生活做好準備。

Freshman orientation is a celebratory experience. Before classes begin, freshmen spend three or four days bonding with others in their residence halls, hearing from speakers, and taking part in training sessions on topics like diversity and sexual consent. The program is led by upperclassmen.

新生迎新是一種慶祝體驗。在課程開始之前，新生會在宿舍裡與其他人交流三四天，聽取演講者的意見，並參加有關多樣性和性同意等主題的培訓課程。該計劃由高年級學生領導。

Orientation 的另一個意思是「方向」, 比如說「東西向」用英文說就是 east-west orientation, 手機或是平板的「直立方向」跟「橫向方向」的英文是 portrait orientation 跟 landscape orientation。

The building has an east-west orientation.

這棟大樓是東西向的。

A home's orientation is a crucial consideration for both house hunters and prospective new home builders. The direction that your home faces affects the amount of sunlight it receives as well as energy efficiency, heating and cooling costs, home maintenance, energy flow, and more.

房屋的朝向對於購房者和潛在的新屋建築商來說都是一個至關重要的考慮因素。房子面對的方向會影響它接收的陽光量以及能源效率、供暖和製冷成本、房屋保養和能源流動等。

I particularly liked putting the iPad in a portrait orientation when working on a long document, and when I watch the youtube videos I like to put the iPad in a landscape orientation.

在處理長文檔時，我特別喜歡將 iPad 置於直立方向，而當我觀看 youtube 影片時，我喜歡將 iPad 置於橫向。

Orientation 從「方向」這個字引申出來的意思是「定位;導向」，這個字常常出現在行銷策略中，我們來看些例句：

The company needs to develop a stronger orientation towards marketing its products.

公司需要制定更強有力的產品行銷方向。

Orientation 的最後一個意思是「價值取向;信仰觀念」，我們來看些例句：

We employ people without regard to their political or sexual orientation. 

我們聘請員工時並不考慮其政治或性取向。

I don't think that wearing pink indicates your sexual orientation necessarily.

我不認為穿粉紅色就一定暗示你的性取向。

Our company puts all new employees on a 2-month probation.

我們公司對所有新員工實行 2 個月的試用期。

Once your probation period is successfully completed, you will be offered a full-time position.

一旦您通過試用期，您將獲得一個全職的職位。

As of January 1st all new employees will be subject to a 3-month probation. Medical, holiday and flextime benefits will not apply to probationary staff members until the full 3 months have expired.

自 1 月 1 日起，所有新員工都將接受 3 個月的試用期。在整整 3 個月到期之前，醫療、假期和彈性時間福利將不適用於試用期員工。

​There is no law determining the length of a probationary period. However, there is an expectation that the employer will be reasonable. It is typical for a probationary period to last no longer than six months, and three months where an employee is moving to a new post internally.

沒有法律規定試用期的長短。但是，大家期待雇主是講理的。試用期通常不超過六個月，而員工在內部調動新職位的試用期則為三個月。 

Remuneration 指的是「工作或服務的報酬」。​

I like my previous job. I was given generous remuneration for my work. 

我喜歡我之前的工作。我做的工作得到了很優渥的報酬。

Consultants are paid good remuneration generally.

顧問通常獲得豐厚的報酬。