多益單字電子書

Germany is a major manufacturer of motor cars. 

德國是汽車生產大國。

German automobile-maker Volkswagen overtook Toyota to become the world's largest car manufacturer in 2016.  VW, which also produces Audi, Porsche, and Skoda cars,  produced 10.3 million cars last year, about a hundred thousand more than its Japanese rival. American carmaker General Motors came in third.  Toyota has dominated the car market in the last decade.

德國汽車製造商福斯汽車在 2016 年超越豐田，成為全球最大的汽車製造商。同時生產奧迪、保時捷和 Skoda汽車的福斯汽車去年生產了 1030 萬輛汽車，比其日本競爭對手多出約 10 萬輛。美國汽車製造商通用汽車排名第三。在過去的十年裡，豐田汽車一直主導著汽車市場。

Car dealerships are the retail outlets for auto manufacturers. Car dealers order vehicles from the manufacturer and sell them to customers.

汽車經銷商處是汽車製造商的零售店。汽車經銷商向製造商訂購車輛並將其出售給客戶。

Volkl has been pushing out quality skis since the 1920s and currently holds the title as the largest ski manufacturer in Germany. 

Volkl 自 1920 年代以來不斷推出優質滑雪板，目前擁有德國最大滑雪板製造商的稱號。

Supervise 是一個動詞，意指親自指導或管理某人或某項任務。

The project manager is responsible for supervising the daily operations at the construction site.

項目經理負責監督建築工地的日常運作。

As the new manager, he had to supervise the daily operations of several departments.

作為新任經理，他必須監督多個部門的日常運營。

She was appointed to supervise the school's summer camp program.

她被任命監督學校的夏日營地計劃。

Experienced scientists will supervise the interns as they conduct experiments to ensure everything is done according to laboratory standards.

當實習生進行實驗時，有經驗的科學家將監督他們的工作，以確保一切按照實驗室標準進行。

Supervision 是一個名詞，意指親自指導或管理某人或某項任務。常用的用法是 under someone's supervision.

Under her supervision, the team was able to complete all the work ahead of the tight deadline.

在她的監督下，這支團隊能夠在緊迫的截止日期前完成所有的工作。

Under the supervision of the principal, the teachers devised a new educational program.

在校長的監督下，老師們制定了新的教學計劃。

一般所謂的 agent(代理商)指的是接受國外廠商或供應商的委託，代理該國外廠商或供應商向國內進口商推銷貨物，從而收取佣金作為報酬的商號。由於代理商是以委託人(國外廠商或供應商)的名義來從事貿易業務的，也因此本身並不負盈虧的責任。

There are many local companies acting as agents that sell products of overseas companies as their core business model.

有很多本土公司會以經銷商和代理商的身份來銷售海外公司的多種產品，以此作為公司的核心商業模式。

The agent does not have ownership of the manufacturer's products. Agents enter into a contract with manufacturers so that they are entitled to sell a particular brand's products to customers, and they get a commission on any sale they close. 

代理商不擁有製造商產品的所有權。代理商與製造商簽訂合約，這樣一來他們便有權向客戶銷售特定品牌的產品，並從他們完成的任何銷售中獲得佣金。

Selling goods via agents is a common marketing strategy for companies wanting to tap into a new overseas market, as agents will assist in legal issues related to importing and exporting goods and help with marketing and sales given their extensive knowledge of the target market.

對於希望開拓新的海外市場的公司來說，通過代理商銷售商品是一種常見的營銷策略，因為代理商將協助處理與進出口商品有關的法律問題，並幫助營銷和銷售，因為他們對目標市場有廣泛的了解。

Car dealerships are the retail outlets for auto manufacturers. Car dealers order vehicles from the manufacturer and sell them to customers.

汽車經銷商處是汽車製造商的零售店。汽車經銷商向製造商訂購車輛並將其出售給客戶。

Any time you take your vehicle to the dealership for warranty work, the dealer must file a claim with the manufacturer or warranty provider.

每當您將車輛帶到經銷商處進行保固維修時，經銷商必須向製造商或保修服務提供商提出索賠。

He bought the antique vase through a dealer.

他透過一位商人買了這古董花瓶.

Car dealerships are the retail outlets for auto manufacturers. Car dealers order vehicles from the manufacturer and sell them to customers.

汽車經銷商處是汽車製造商的零售店。汽車經銷商向製造商訂購車輛並將其出售給客戶。

Most dealerships are able to make money from their service departments. Some mechanical and electrical repairs require dealer-trained mechanics to perform and the majority of them work at the dealership.

大多數經銷商能夠從他們的汽車保養部門賺錢。一些機械和電氣維修需要經過經銷商培訓的機械師才能執行，其中大多數在經銷商處工作。

The car dealership has a large inventory of used cars. 

這家汽車經銷商擁有數量龐大的二手車。

Their company has just won the dealership for Rolls-Royce.

他們公司剛剛獲得了勞斯萊斯公司產品的經銷許可。

The charity group collects food and clothing for distribution to needy families.

慈善團體收集食物和衣服，分發給有需要的家庭。

The goods have been sitting in a warehouse for weeks because a strike has prevented distribution.

由於罷工阻止了配送，貨物已在倉庫中存放數週。

The trucking company handles the distribution of goods to stores nationwide.

這家貨運公司負責將貨物配送到全國各地的商店。

We could substantially reduce our costs by developing a more efficient distribution network.

我們可以透過開發更有效的經銷網絡來大幅降低成本。

A full cycle of testing ensures your mobile app is ready for distribution and that your audience won't encounter bugs that lead to giving negative feedback. 

完整的APP測試除了可以確保你的手機應用程式已準備好發布，也能避免程式錯誤，導致使用者給予(APP)負評。

Distributor指的是特定公司或者品牌的經銷商，distributors 可以是個人或是一家企業，他們負責接洽 manufacturers (製造商)，取得 distribution rights (經銷權)並且提供商品給 wholesalers (批發商)，批發商再把大量從經銷商那裏進的貨賣給retailers (零售商)，身為 consumers (消費者) 的我們最後就是從零售商那裏買到商品的。這樣一層層的關係就是所謂的 supply chain (供應鏈)。來看看例句:

Our company is the exclusive distributor of this software in the region.

我們公司是這款軟體在本地的獨家經銷商。

Our company is the sole distributor of this baby stroller within the United Kingdom.

我們公司是這款嬰兒推車在英國的獨家經銷商。

Film distributors usually release a film with a launch party, a red-carpet premiere, press releases, interviews with the press, press preview screenings, and film festival screenings.

電影發行商通常在發行電影的時候，會透過像是發表會、紅地毯首映、新聞稿、媒體採訪、媒體首映會和電影節(來進行宣傳)。

There are many local companies acting as distributors and agents that sell a variety of products of overseas companies as their core business model.

有很多本土公司會以經銷商和代理商的身份來銷售海外公司的多種產品，以此作為公司的核心商業模式。

Our company produces and sells construction machinery.

我們公司生產和銷售工程機械。

We need to purchase more machinery to increase production.

我們需要購買更多的機器來增加產量。

Nuts and bolts are used to hold pieces of machinery together.

螺母和螺栓用於將機械部件固定在一起。

His hand was injured when he got it caught in the machinery. 

他的手捲到機器裡受傷了。

Manufactured goods = 製成品

The UK's deficit in manufactured goods fell slightly in the last three months.

過去三個月，英國的製成品逆差略有下降。

In the deal, Beijing agreed to increase purchases of U.S. farm and manufactured goods, energy and services by $200 billion above 2017 levels over two years.

在這份協議當中，北京同意在兩年內將美國農產品和製成品、能源和服務的採購量在 2017 年的基礎上增加 2000 億美元。

Manufactured glass is made by fusing various types of sand.

人造玻璃是將各種不同類型的沙子熔合在一起製成的。

​Automobile manufacturing is the country's largest industry.

汽車製造業是這個國家最大的產業。

Recent outbreaks of coronavirus have prompted cities to go into lockdowns that also have raised worries over the potential impact on manufacturing and trade.

最近爆​​發的新冠病毒促使城市進入封鎖狀態，這也引發了人們對製造業和貿易的潛在影響的擔憂。

I think manufacturing is central to the economy of the country.

我認為製造業是國家經濟的核心。

Our company is spending $700 million of its own money for improving processing and creating a manufacturing facility in Texas.

我們公司正花費 7 億美元自有資金用於改進加工並在德克薩斯州蓋製造工廠。

Lots of microchip manufacturing companies prospered at that time. 

許多生產晶片的公司都是在那時候發達起來的。

Nike, a world-renowned sportswear giant, outsources the production of all its footwear to various overseas manufacturing plants.

Nike是世界知名的運動服裝巨頭，將其所有鞋類的生產外包給各個海外製造工廠。

Intel selected the German city of Magdeburg on Tuesday for its next big chip manufacturing site. Their goal is to reduce dependence on Asian factories for the vital microchip components.

英特爾週二選擇了德國馬格德堡市作為其下一個大型晶片製造基地。他們的目標是減少對亞洲工廠的重要晶片零組件的依賴。

The company produces mechanical parts for airplane engines. 

這家公司生產飛機引擎的機械零件。 

The plane appeared to have crashed because of a mechanical problem. 

這架飛機看來是由於機械故障而墜毀的。

Oversee 是一個動詞，表示監督、管理或監控某人或某事的過程。

He was assigned to oversee the factory's daily operations to ensure all production lines are running as scheduled.

他被指派去監督工廠的日常運營，以確保所有生產線都按計劃運行。

As a project manager, she has to oversee multiple projects for the company to ensure they are completed on time and within budget.

作為項目經理，她必須監督公司的多個項目，以確保按時且在預算內完成。

The government set up a special committee to oversee the implementation of the new policies.

政府設立了一個特別委員會來監督新政策的實施。

Our head office will liaise with the suppliers to ensure delivery.

我們的總部將與供應商聯繫以確保交貨。

In order to reduce the need for warehouse space, more and more grocery retailers now require suppliers to deliver consumer goods "just in time" to replenish stocks on the sales floor.

為了減少對倉庫空間的需求，越來越多的雜貨零售商現在要求供應商運送消費品能"及時" 補足銷售場所的庫存就好。

ProMach acquires TechniBlend, a leading supplier of beverage and liquid processing systems. For ProMach, the acquisition is another vital step towards becoming the total solutions provider for customers across North America who are looking for a trusted partner to help them succeed in an increasingly competitive marketplace.

ProMach 收購了飲料和液體處理系統的領先供應商 TechniBlend。對於 ProMach 而言，此次收購是邁向成為北美客戶的整體解決方案供應商的重要一步，這些客戶正在尋找值得信賴的合作夥伴，以幫助他們在競爭日益激烈的市場中取得成功。

Supply 當名詞時候有以下幾種用法: (1) 生活必需品;日用品 (常以複數方式出現) (2) 供應量 ，Supply 當動詞時候有以下幾種用法: (1) supply + 東西 + to + 對象 (2) supply + 對象 + with + 東西。

1. 生活必需品;日用品 (常以複數方式出現)

The refugees are urgently in need of food and medical supplies.

難民急需食品和醫療用品。

The town is in need of basic medical supplies.

該鎮需要基本的醫療用品。

I'd like to order some office supplies.

我想訂購一些辦公用品。

He bought a month's supply of cigarettes.

他買了一個月的香煙。

2. 供應量;供給量 (常以複數方式出現)

Extensive mining has reduced the supplies of coal in the area.

大量採礦已減少了該地區的煤炭供應量。

Iraq has reduced annual supplies of crude oil to several Indian refiners by up to 20% for 2021.

2021年，伊拉克每年提供給印度幾家煉油廠的原油供應量已減少了20％。

3. (什麼的)供應

The government is trying to disrupt the supply of illegal drugs.

政府正試圖破壞非法藥物的供應。

The storm interrupted the town's electricity supply.

暴風雨中斷了該鎮的電力供應。

片語用法

In short supply = 供應不足，短缺 

Strawberries are in short supply this summer.

今年夏天的草莓供應不足。

Our products are in short supply due to the high demand.

由於需求量大，我們的產品供不應求。

動詞用法

They have supplied the office equipment to us for years.

他們已經為我們提供了辦公設備很多年了。

They have supplied us with the office equipment for years.

他們已經為我們提供了辦公設備很多年了。

Electrical power is supplied by underground cables.

電力是由地下電纜輸送的。

When we engage in strenuous exercise, our spleen contracts to supply the muscles with extra blood.

當我們進行劇烈運動時，我們的脾臟會收縮，為肌肉提供額外的血液。

動詞 assemble 有「收集」、「聚集」、「集結、集合」的意思，你可以 assemble data(收集資料)，也可以 assemble a piece of furniture(組裝家俱)，一起來看例句。​

His assistant copied and assembled the documents.

他的助理複印並匯集了這些文件。

It was easy to assemble the bookcase myself.

自己組裝書櫃很容易。

Most of the Fords sold in Thailand were assembled in Japan.

大部分在泰國銷售的福特汽車都是在日本組裝的。

Hi there! There is a problem with this wardrobe. I followed the installation instructions, but the wardrobe tilts to one side. I think the wrong panel was supplied, which is one inch too short. I would like you to replace the panel so that I can reassemble this piece of furniture.

你好呀！這個衣櫃有問題。我按照安裝說明操作，但衣櫃向一側傾斜。我認為你們提供了錯誤的面板，它短了 1 英寸。麻煩你更換面板，這樣我才能重新組裝這件家具。

動詞 assemble 也有「聚集」、「集結、集合」在一起的意思。

A large crowd had assembled opposite the Australian embassy.

一大群人聚集在澳洲大使館對面。

Ohio State's basketball team was considered one of the best ever assembled.

俄亥俄州立大學的籃球隊被認為是有史以來最好的籃球隊之一。

工廠的「生產線」英文就叫做 assembly line：

The cars are assembled on an assembly line.

汽車在生產線上組裝。

Many assembly line workers are being replaced by robots.

許多生產線的工人逐漸被機器人取代。

This is the first session in the training that you all are going to receive for your new roles at our factory. As assembly line workers, you'll be working around conveyor belts regularly. While potentially dangerous, the machinery is quite safe if properly handled.

這將是各位在這場培訓課程中所要上的第一堂課，這堂課的目的是為了(讓各位了解)您在本工廠的新角色。身為生產線上的工作同仁, 您將會定期地在生產線旁作業。雖然這項工作有潛在的危險, 但好好掌控的話，這機器是非常安全的。

有時候有些家俱、或是玩具買來的時候並不是組好好的(fully assembled/completely built)，因此在購買之前可以注意外包裝是否寫著「需要組裝」這幾個大字，英文就是：(It) requires assembly 或是 (Some) assembly required.

I really like this swivel chair with a mesh backrest. Does it require assembly?

我真的很喜歡這款有網狀靠背的旋轉椅。 它需要組裝嗎？

In order to offer the lowest prices possible, and so that your furniture arrives damage-free, some of the items available at Handy Furniture will require some assembly. 

為了提供給您盡可能低的價格，並讓您的家俱在送達時完好無損，Handy Furniture 提供的一些商品需要進行一些組裝。

Distribute 算是多益考試必考的單字，我們一起來看看它的用法: (1) 第一個意思是分發物資、分派工作、分配盈餘等等，尤其指有計畫地分成幾份後再加以分配 (2) 第二個意思是經銷，用英文來理解的話就是 to supply to retail outlets(供應商品給零售店) (3) 第三個意思是分發並運送貨物給店家。

1. 第一個意思是分發物資、分派工作、分配盈餘等等，尤其指有計畫地分成幾份後再加以分配

He's been hired to distribute leaflets to passers-by on the street.

他的工作是向街上的路人分發傳單。

Some stocks pay dividends—a small amount of cash or shares that are distributed to shareholders periodically. 

有一些股票支付股息—分配給股東的少量現金或股票。

The work for the project gets evenly distributed among the graphic designers.

每位平面設計師分派的工作量是一樣的。

Bitcoin is an Internet currency that was started in 2009 by a Japanese software developer. In contrast to normal money, which is distributed and controlled by the government, there is no central organization behind Bitcoin. You can send and receive Bitcoin money without giving your name or address and without paying fees to a bank.

比特幣是一種存在於網路世界的貨幣，由日本軟體工程師(中本聰)於 2009 年創立。與由政府分配和控制的普通貨幣相比，比特幣背後沒有中央主管機關。無需提供姓名或地址，也無需向銀行支付費用即可發送和接收比特幣。

2. 第二個意思是經銷，用英文來理解的話就是 to supply to retail outlets(供應商品給零售店)

Our company aims ultimately to distribute products throughout Europe.

我們公司的最終目標是在整個歐洲分銷產品。

We need to find a reliable partner to distribute our consumer products.

我們需要找個可靠的夥伴來經銷我們的消費產品。

3. 第三個意思是 to deliver = 運送貨物給店家，我相信到這邊你的腦袋瓜可能快要打結了: 這個解釋和前面兩個用法好像很接近又有點不一樣? 所以我們可以用「因為要經銷商品，所以要分發並運送貨物給商家」一口氣把三個用法全部記住

Many businesses use logistics companies to distribute their products around the world. 

許多企業藉由物流公司將他們的產品運送到世界各地。

Our cost reduction strategy is to lay off some workers and outsource production to cheaper locations in South East Asia.

我們降低成本的策略是裁掉一些員工，並將生產外包到東南亞更便宜的地方。

The animation work was outsourced to a film production company in South Korea.

動畫外包給了韓國的一家電影製作公司。

According to BBC News, a software engineer outsourced his entire job to China by paying a fifth of his six-figure salary to a local firm in Shenyang.

據 BBC 新聞報導，一名軟體工程師將他的整個工作外包到了中國，並將他六位數薪水的五分之一支付給瀋陽的一家當地公司。

Lots of international brands outsource their manufacturing to overseas companies to save on operational costs and take advantage of lower labor and production costs overseas. 

許多國際品牌將製造外包給海外公司，以節省運營成本並利用海外較低的勞動力和生產成本。

Nike, a world-renowned sportswear giant, outsources the production of all its footwear to various overseas manufacturing plants.

Nike是世界知名的運動服裝巨頭，將其所有鞋類的生產外包給各個海外製造工廠。

Companies today can outsource a number of tasks or services. Since the overhead costs of customer service are typically less where outsourcing has been used, many companies choose to close their in-house customer relations departments and outsource their customer service to third-party call centers.

現今，公司可以外包許多工作或服務。 由於使用外包客服的營運費用通常較低，因此許多公司選擇關閉公司內部客戶關係部門並將客服外包給第三方電話客服中心。

It is common for companies to outsource a variety of jobs overseas, which is called offshoring or offshore outsourcing.

公司將各種工作外包到海外是很常見的，這種做法被稱為離岸外包。

The company is relocating to new premises.

公司要搬到新廠區。

These bagels are baked on the premises.

這些貝果都是現場烤的。

The printing of the books is done off the premises.

印刷是在別的地方完成的。

Schools may earn extra money by renting out their premises.

學校可以出租校舍來賺取額外的收入。

To procure something 指的是經過一番努力而「取得、獲得」難以得到的東西，例句：

She managed to procure a ticket to the concert.

她設法買到了一張演唱會的門票。

Although Taiwan has procured about 5 million doses of the Moderna vaccine from Europe, some Taiwanese are still urging the government to purchase the German-produced BioNTech vaccine as well.

儘管台灣已經從歐洲採購了約 500 萬劑的莫德納疫苗，但有些台灣人仍在敦促政府購買德國生產的 BioNTech 疫苗。

The current shortage of raw materials and the difficulty in procuring them, together with a significant increase in their price is making it hard for businesses to fulfill their ongoing contracts. 

目前原物料短缺、取得困難，加上價格大幅上漲，使企業難以履行他們正在進行的合約。

I work in the procurement department. I am in charge of the procurement of equipment in the company.

我在採購部門工作。我負責公司設備的採購。

The government procurement system is an important system of the national public expenditure management.

政府採購制度是國家公共支出管理的一項重要制度。

The public is debating on whether or not the government should cut procurement for weapons.

民眾正在爭論政府是否應該減少武器的採購。

Retail 動詞名詞同形，我們先來看名詞的用法，作為名詞時， retail 指的是「零售業或是零售」，經常以下方式出現：(1) Retail chain = 零售連鎖店

(2) Retail outlet = 零售店 (3) Retail store = 零售店 (4) Retail price = 零售價。Retail 作為動詞時， 指的是「零售」或是「以…價格零售，零售價格為…」。

The clothing company has six retail outlets in Tokyo. 

這間服裝公司在東京開設了六家零售店。

Large retail chains are usually only prepared to locate stores in areas of high population density.

大型零售連鎖店通常只准備在人口密度高的地區開設商店。

Do you have previous experience in retail?

你之前有在零售界的工作經驗嗎？

The job is open to applicants with over two years of experience in retail. 

這份工作只開放給兩年以上有零售經驗的人應徵。

The products on display are all 30 percent off the retail price. 

展示的商品都享有零售價的七折折扣。

Retail 也可以當動詞，有以下兩種用法:

1. 零售

The company makes and retails moderately priced sportswear.

這間公司生産和零售價格適中的運動服。

2. 以…價格零售，零售價格為…

This laptop retails at £850.

這款電腦零售價為850英鎊。

The bathtub retailed at a higher price than they were willing to pay.

這個浴缸的零售價高於他們願意支付的價格。

There are a few electronic retailers on the Main street.

Main街上有幾家電子零售商。

A supply chain typically features various middlemen between the manufacturer and the consumer. The most common in the supply chain are distributors, wholesalers, and retailers.

供應鏈通常在製造商和消費者之間具有各種中間商。供應鏈中最常見的是分銷商、批發商和零售商。

In order to reduce the need for warehouse space, more and more grocery retailers now require suppliers to deliver consumer goods "just in time" to replenish stocks on the sales floor.

為了減少對倉庫空間的需求，越來越多的雜貨零售商現在要求供應商運送消費品能"及時" 補足銷售場所的庫存就好。

Wholesale 當動詞的意思是「以…價格批發、批發價格為…」，例句：

This laptop wholesales at £650 and retails at £850.

這款電腦批發價為650英鎊，零售價為850英鎊。

Wholesale 也可以當副詞跟形容詞，例句：

We only sell wholesale, not to the public.

我們只批發，不零售。

The fabrics are sold wholesale to retailers, fashion houses, and other manufacturers.

這些紡織品批發給零售商、高檔時裝店和其他製造商。

I am in the wholesale trade.

我做批發生意。

What is the wholesale price for this wine?

這款酒的批發價是多少？

Is that price retail or wholesale?

這個價格是零售價還是批發價？

Warehouse clubs allow members to buy goods at wholesale prices.

倉儲式會員店允許會員以批發價購買商品。

A supply chain typically features various middlemen between the manufacturer and the consumer. These middlemen are distributors, wholesalers, and retailers. The distributor has exclusive distribution rights to sell the manufacturer's products. Wholesalers buy a large quantity of products from distributors or directly from manufacturers, and then sell them mostly to retailers in smaller amounts and at higher prices. Finally, retailers sell products to consumers.

供應鏈通常具有介於製造商和消費者之間的各種中間商。這些中間商有:經銷商、批發商和零售商。經銷商擁有銷售製造商產品的獨家經銷權。批發商則是從經銷商那邊或直接從製造商那裡購買大量的產品，然後將它們主要以較小的數量和較高的價格出售給零售商。最後，零售商販售產品給消費者。

Wholesalers have the freedom to purchase similar products from different manufacturers, even if those brands are in competition with each other. For example, wholesalers can stock both Samsung and LG refrigerators, and if LG refrigerators are sold better and are in demand, they will buy more refrigerators from LG. 

批發商可以自由地從不同的製造商那裡購買類似的產品，即使那些品牌相互競爭。例如，批發商可以同時備貨三星和LG的冰箱，如果LG冰箱賣得比較好並且有需求，他們會從LG購買更多冰箱。