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IELTSAcademic Readingالتدريب57

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This reading practice simulates one part of the IELTS General Reading test. You should spend about twenty minutes on it. Read the passage and answer questions 1-13.

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Materials to take us beyond concreteConcrete is used almost everywhere, yet its environmental cost is high because it produces large quantities of carbon dioxide. Researchers are now developing alternatives.A After water, concrete is the most widely used substance in the world economy, and it is als...
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Questions 1-4
The reading passage has seven paragraphs labelled A-G.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter A-G in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

1. an explanation of the industrial processes that create potential basic materials for concrete

2. a reference to the various locations where tall wooden buildings can be found

3. an indication of how widely available the basic materials of concrete are

4. the belief that more high-rise wooden buildings are needed before wood can be regarded as a viable building material

Choose paragraph G because this paragraph contains the information requested in "an explanation of the industrial processes that create potential basic materials for concrete". The supporting sentence is: "Fly ash is a byproduct of coal-burning power plants and can form 15 to 30% of a concrete mix's cement content without reducing strength or durability.". This sentence matches the meaning of the prompt, so paragraph G is the best location.

Associated Text:
Fly ash is a byproduct of coal-burning power plants and can form 15 to 30% of a concrete mix's cement content without reducing strength or durability.

Choose paragraph D because this paragraph contains the information requested in "a reference to the various locations where tall wooden buildings can be found". The supporting sentence is: "Vancouver, Vienna and Brumunddal in Norway all have tall wooden buildings.". This sentence matches the meaning of the prompt, so paragraph D is the best location.

Associated Text:
Vancouver, Vienna and Brumunddal in Norway all have tall wooden buildings.

Choose paragraph C because this paragraph contains the information requested in "an indication of how widely available the basic materials of concrete are". The supporting sentence is: "However, the scale of manufacture is enormous, and that scale is what makes concrete such a serious carbon problem.". This sentence matches the meaning of the prompt, so paragraph C is the best location.

Associated Text:
However, the scale of manufacture is enormous, and that scale is what makes concrete such a serious carbon problem.

Choose paragraph F because this paragraph contains the information requested in "the belief that more high-rise wooden buildings are needed before wood can be regarded as a viable building material". The supporting sentence is: "Even so, treated wood has limits, and only when a wider range of construction projects has been proven in practice will wood be considered a genuine alternative to concrete for tall buildings.". This sentence matches the meaning of the prompt, so paragraph F is the best location.

Associated Text:
Even so, treated wood has limits, and only when a wider range of construction projects has been proven in practice will wood be considered a genuine alternative to concrete for tall buildings.

Questions 5-8
Complete the summary below.

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in 5-8 on your answer sheet.

Making buildings with wood

Wood is a traditional building material, but current environmental concerns are encouraging (5) to use wood in modern construction projects. Using wood, however, has its challenges. For example, as (6) in the atmosphere enters wood, it increases in size. In addition, wood is prone to pests and the risk of fire is greater. However, wood can be turned into a better construction material if it is treated and combined with other materials. In one process, (7) of solid wood are glued together to create building blocks. These blocks are lighter than concrete and steel but equal them in strength. Experts say that wooden buildings are an improvement on those made of concrete and steel in terms of the (8) with which they can be constructed and how much noise is generated by the process.

Use "Architects" because it is the exact word or phrase needed for the blank. The supporting sentence says: "climate change is encouraging architects to use treated timber as a modern resource.". This evidence makes the completed answer logical and grammatically suitable.

Associated Text:
Constructing buildings from wood may sound old-fashioned, but climate change is encouraging architects to use treated timber as a modern resource.

Use "Moisture" because it is the exact word or phrase needed for the blank. The supporting sentence says: "Wood expands when it absorbs moisture from the air". This evidence makes the completed answer logical and grammatically suitable.

Associated Text:
Wood expands when it absorbs moisture from the air, and it is vulnerable to pests as well as fire.

Use "Layers" because it is the exact word or phrase needed for the blank. The supporting sentence says: "adhesive is used to glue layers of solid-sawn timber together". This evidence makes the completed answer logical and grammatically suitable.

Associated Text:
Cross-laminated timber is an engineered wood product in which adhesive is used to glue layers of solid-sawn timber together at right angles to form building blocks.

Use "Speed" because it is the exact word or phrase needed for the blank. The supporting sentence says: "wooden buildings can be erected at greater speed than concrete-and-steel structures". This evidence makes the completed answer logical and grammatically suitable.

Associated Text:
Construction specialists say wooden buildings can be erected at greater speed than concrete-and-steel structures, and the process also appears to be quieter.

Questions 9-13
Look at the following Statements (Questions 9-13) and List of people below below.

Look at the following statements (Questions 9-13) and the list of people below.

Write the correct number A-D in boxes Questions 9-13 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.
List of people below
  1. Chris Cheeseman
  2. Markus Mannstrom
  3. Anna Surgenor
  4. Felix Preston and Johanna Lehne

9. The environmental benefit of cement alternatives may not be as great as initially assumed.

10. It would be hard to create a building alternative to concrete that offers so many comparable benefits.

11. Worries about the environment have led to increased interest in wood as a building material.

12. Expense has been a factor in the unfavourable response to the development of new cements.

13. The environmental harm caused by concrete is due to it being produced in large quantities.

Choose C because the passage connects this feature or person with the information in the question. The supporting evidence is: "If fossil fuels carry them over long distances, the carbon advantage of using alternative materials may be much smaller than expected.". This evidence identifies the correct match and rules out choices that are not linked to this detail.

Associated Text:
If fossil fuels carry them over long distances, the carbon advantage of using alternative materials may be much smaller than expected.

Choose A because the passage connects this feature or person with the information in the question. The supporting evidence is: "Cheeseman says that concrete is amazing material and that making anything with comparable properties will be very difficult.". This evidence identifies the correct match and rules out choices that are not linked to this detail.

Associated Text:
Cheeseman says that concrete is amazing material and that making anything with comparable properties will be very difficult.

Choose B because the passage connects this feature or person with the information in the question. The supporting evidence is: "Markus Mannstrom, the company's vice-president, says climate change concerns are the key driver of this demand.". This evidence identifies the correct match and rules out choices that are not linked to this detail.

Associated Text:
Markus Mannstrom, the company's vice-president, says climate change concerns are the key driver of this demand.

Choose D because the passage connects this feature or person with the information in the question. The supporting evidence is: "At present, these alternatives are rarely as cost-effective as conventional cement, and they also face shortages of raw materials and resistance from customers.". This evidence identifies the correct match and rules out choices that are not linked to this detail.

Associated Text:
At present, these alternatives are rarely as cost-effective as conventional cement, and they also face shortages of raw materials and resistance from customers.

Choose A because the passage connects this feature or person with the information in the question. The supporting evidence is: "However, the scale of manufacture is enormous, and that scale is what makes concrete such a serious carbon problem.". This evidence identifies the correct match and rules out choices that are not linked to this detail.

Associated Text:
However, the scale of manufacture is enormous, and that scale is what makes concrete such a serious carbon problem.

Answer Sheet
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
N/A
15
N/A
16
N/A
17
N/A
18
N/A
19
N/A
20
N/A
21
N/A
22
N/A
23
N/A
24
N/A
25
N/A
26
N/A
27
N/A
28
N/A
29
N/A
30
N/A
31
N/A
32
N/A
33
N/A
34
N/A
35
N/A
36
N/A
37
N/A
38
N/A
39
N/A
40
N/A
ملخص الدرجات
0 / 1
Multiple Choice
Matching Sentence Endings
Note Completion
Table Completion
Flow Chart Completion
Summary Completion
Multiple Selection
Short Answer
Matching Headings
Matching Features
Matching Information
Identifying Information
Identifying Viewer Claims
Sentence Completion
Diagram Labelling
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Tips to improve your reading speed
To get a high score on the IELTS reading section, you need to have a fast reading speed. To have a fast reading speed, you need to improve your vocabulary and practice dissecting sentences. One strategy to dissect a sentence is to look for the subject and verb of the sentence. Finding the subject and verb will help you better understand the main idea of said sentence. Keep in mind, a common feature of a IELTS reading passage is to join strings of ideas to form long compound sentences. This produces large chunks that students have a hard time absorbing. Do not get overwhelmed by its length, just look for the subject and verb, the rest of the ideas will flow.

Keep in mind, having a slow reading speed makes skimming or scanning a reading passage more difficult. The process of quickly skimming through a reading passage for specific keywords or main ideas is a requirement for you to employ successful reading strategies to improve your IELTS reading score. In other words, skimming and scanning are critical skills to ensure you complete all questions in the allotted time frame.
IELTS Reading Strategies
Once you can read and comprehend a passage with a rate of, at least, 220 words per minute, you'll be ready to start implementing our strategies. All too often, students spend too much time reading the passages and not enough time answering the questions. Here is a step by step guide for tackling the reading section.

  1. Step 1: Read questions first

    One of the most common mistakes that candidates make when approaching the reading exam is reading every single word of the passages. Although you can practice for the exam by reading for pleasure, "reading blindly" (reading without any sense of what the questions will ask) will not do you any favors in the exam. Instead, it will hurt your chances for effectively managing your time and getting the best score.

    The main reason to read the questions first is because the type of question may determine what you read in the passage or how you read it. For example, some question types will call for the "skimming" technique, while others may call for the "scanning" technique.

    It is important to answer a set of questions that are of the same question type. You'll need to determine which question type you want to tackle first. A good strategy would be to start with the easier question type and move on to more difficult question types later. The Easiest question types are the ones where you spend less time reading. For example, the Matching Heading question type is an easier one because you only need to find the heading that best describes the main idea of a paragraph. An example of a difficult question type would be Identifying Information. For this question type, you'll need to read each paragraph to find out if each statement is TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN according to the passage.

    Here is a table that lists the difficulty levels for each question type. Use this table as a reference when choosing which question type you want to tackle first.

    Difficulty level Question Type
    Easy Sentence Completion
    Short answer
    Medium Matching Features
    Multiple choice
    Matching Headings
    Summary, Table, Flow-Chart Completion
    Difficult Matching Sentence Endings
    Matching Information
    Identifying Information (TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN)
    Identifying Viewer's claims (YES/NO/NOT GIVEN)

  2. Step 2: Read for an objective

    After you've read the questions for the passage, you will be able to read for an objective. What does this mean? For example, if you come across a question that includes the year "1896", you can make a note of when this year comes up in the text, using it to answer the question later on. There are two reading techniques that will help you stay on track with reading for an objective. The first one, skimming, is best defined as reading fast in order to get the "gist", or general idea, or a passage. With this technique, you are not stopping for any unfamiliar words or looking for specific details. The second technique, scanning, is best defined as reading for specific information. With this technique, you are not reading for the overall gist, but rather, specific information. Notice how each of these techniques has a specific objective in mind. This will help you find information more quickly.

  3. Step 3: Take notes

    As you're reading for an objective, you should also be making notes on the margins of the passage, placing stars next to key information, or underlining things that you believe will help you answer the various questions. This will make it easier for you to check back when you are asked certain things in the questions. Choose whichever note-taking system is right for you - just make sure you do it!

  4. Step 4: Answer wisely

    After you've read the questions, read the passage, and have taken any appropriate notes, you you should have located the part of the text where you where you need to read carefully. Then just read carefully and think critically to determine the correct answer.

IELTS Reading Question Types

The IELTS reading test contains many different question types:

Matching HeadingsIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Headings
Matching InformationIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Information
Matching FeaturesIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Features
Summary CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Summary Completion
Identifying InformationIELTS Reading Lesson: Identifying Information
Identifying Writer's claimsIELTS Reading Lesson: Identifying Writer's claims
Multiple ChoiceIELTS Reading Lesson: Multiple Choice
Short AnswerIELTS Reading Lesson: Short Answer
Match Sentence EndingIELTS Reading Lesson: Match Sentence Ending
Sentence CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Sentence Completion
Table CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Table Completion
 
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