Questions 27-30
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? In boxes 27-30 on your answer sheet, write
YES if the statement reflects the claims of the writer
NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
The answer is YES because the statement agrees with the passage. The key evidence is: "His book The Origin of Continents and Oceans appeared in four editions and became the centre of an international controversy during his lifetime and for years after his death.". This evidence says the same thing as the question statement, so the statement is supported.
Associated Text:
His book The Origin of Continents and Oceans appeared in four editions and became the centre of an international controversy during his lifetime and for years after his death.
The answer is NOT GIVEN because the passage does not give enough information to confirm the statement. The closest relevant evidence is: "Wegener's central claim was that many puzzles in Earth's history could be explained if the continents were assumed to move sideways rather than remain permanently fixed.". This may discuss a related idea, but it does not prove the statement in the question.
Associated Text:
Wegener's central claim was that many puzzles in Earth's history could be explained if the continents were assumed to move sideways rather than remain permanently fixed.
The answer is NO because the statement contradicts the passage. The key evidence is: "He argued in detail that such movements were plausible and supported the case with evidence from a large number of sciences, including geology, geophysics, paleontology and climatology.". This evidence gives a different meaning from the question statement, so the statement is not correct.
Associated Text:
He argued in detail that such movements were plausible and supported the case with evidence from a large number of sciences, including geology, geophysics, paleontology and climatology.
The answer is NO because the statement contradicts the passage. The key evidence is: "In many respects, plate tectonics is quite different from Wegener's proposal, just as modern evolutionary theory differs greatly from Darwin's early account of biological evolution.". This evidence gives a different meaning from the question statement, so the statement is not correct.
Associated Text:
In many respects, plate tectonics is quite different from Wegener's proposal, just as modern evolutionary theory differs greatly from Darwin's early account of biological evolution.
Questions 31-36
Complete the summary below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in 31-36 on your answer sheet.
Use I because the passage states that this fact was striking from a biographer's perspective.
Associated Text:
Even so, plate tectonics descends from Wegener's continental drift theory in much the same way that modern evolutionary theory descends from Darwin's theory of natural selection.
Use F because the passage says Wegener's professional interests lay chiefly in atmospheric physics.
Associated Text:
His professional interests lay chiefly in atmospheric physics, and he had trained as an astronomer.
Use A because the passage says Wegener was not unknown when he proposed the theory.
Associated Text:
Yet he was not unknown.
Use C because the passage describes his 52-hour balloon flight as a record-breaking achievement.
Associated Text:
In 1906 he and his brother Kurt achieved a record-breaking achievement of 52 hours aloft in a hot-air balloon.
Use H because the passage calls the Greenland work a hazardous exploration.
Associated Text:
Between 1906 and 1908 he also joined a highly publicised and hazardous exploration of northeast Greenland's coast.
Use E because the passage says his textbook made him known to a select group of German scientists.
Associated Text:
His textbook Thermodynamics of the Atmosphere, published in 1911, and several scientific papers had already made him known to a select group of German meteorologists and atmospheric physicists.
Questions 37-40
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
Write your answers in boxes 37-40
on your answer sheet.
37. What is Mott T Greene doing in the fifth paragraph?
38. What is said about Wegener in the sixth paragraph?
39. What does Greene say about some other famous scientists?
40. What is Greene's main point in the final paragraph?
(A) is incorrect. Choice A says "describing what inspired him to write the book", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "For that reason, readers should try to experience Wegener's life as a whole, with its interruptions, changes of direction and renewed efforts.". Because Choice A does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
(B) is correct. Choice B matches the question because "explaining why it is worthwhile to read the whole book" is the idea supported by the passage evidence: "For that reason, readers should try to experience Wegener's life as a whole, with its interruptions, changes of direction and renewed efforts.". The wording may be paraphrased, but it points to the same meaning.
(C) is incorrect. Choice C says "suggesting why Wegener followed so many different careers", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "For that reason, readers should try to experience Wegener's life as a whole, with its interruptions, changes of direction and renewed efforts.". Because Choice C does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
(D) is incorrect. Choice D says "showing what aspects of Wegener's life interested him most", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "For that reason, readers should try to experience Wegener's life as a whole, with its interruptions, changes of direction and renewed efforts.". Because Choice D does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
Associated Text:
For that reason, readers should try to experience Wegener's life as a whole, with its interruptions, changes of direction and renewed efforts.
(A) is correct. Choice A matches the question because "He was not an especially ambitious person." is the idea supported by the passage evidence: "With few exceptions he was not active in scientific societies, and he did not seek influence or advancement through professional contacts and politics.". The wording may be paraphrased, but it points to the same meaning.
(B) is incorrect. Choice B says "He kept records of all his scientific observations.", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "With few exceptions he was not active in scientific societies, and he did not seek influence or advancement through professional contacts and politics.". Because Choice B does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
(C) is incorrect. Choice C says "He did not follow many of the scientific practices of the time.", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "With few exceptions he was not active in scientific societies, and he did not seek influence or advancement through professional contacts and politics.". Because Choice C does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
(D) is incorrect. Choice D says "He enjoyed talking about new discoveries with other scientists.", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "With few exceptions he was not active in scientific societies, and he did not seek influence or advancement through professional contacts and politics.". Because Choice D does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
Associated Text:
With few exceptions he was not active in scientific societies, and he did not seek influence or advancement through professional contacts and politics.
(A) is incorrect. Choice A says "Their published works had a stronger impact than Wegener's did.", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "The more of this material a scientist leaves, the easier it is for a biographer to reconstruct how that scientist's ideas formed and changed, which makes such figures easier subjects to write about than Wegener.". Because Choice A does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
(B) is incorrect. Choice B says "They had fewer doubts about their scientific ideas than Wegener had.", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "The more of this material a scientist leaves, the easier it is for a biographer to reconstruct how that scientist's ideas formed and changed, which makes such figures easier subjects to write about than Wegener.". Because Choice B does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
(C) is incorrect. Choice C says "Their scientific ideas were more disputed than Wegener's.", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "The more of this material a scientist leaves, the easier it is for a biographer to reconstruct how that scientist's ideas formed and changed, which makes such figures easier subjects to write about than Wegener.". Because Choice C does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
(D) is correct. Choice D matches the question because "They are simpler subjects to write about than Wegener." is the idea supported by the passage evidence: "The more of this material a scientist leaves, the easier it is for a biographer to reconstruct how that scientist's ideas formed and changed, which makes such figures easier subjects to write about than Wegener.". The wording may be paraphrased, but it points to the same meaning.
Associated Text:
The more of this material a scientist leaves, the easier it is for a biographer to reconstruct how that scientist's ideas formed and changed, which makes such figures easier subjects to write about than Wegener.
(A) is incorrect. Choice A says "Having good intentions in life is not enough.", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "We plan, think and act, often seeming to do so freely, but much of life simply happens to us.". Because Choice A does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
(B) is incorrect. Choice B says "People need to plan carefully if they wish to succeed.", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "We plan, think and act, often seeming to do so freely, but much of life simply happens to us.". Because Choice B does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
(C) is correct. Choice C matches the question because "People have limited control over many aspects of their lives." is the idea supported by the passage evidence: "We plan, think and act, often seeming to do so freely, but much of life simply happens to us.". The wording may be paraphrased, but it points to the same meaning.
(D) is incorrect. Choice D says "It is important that people make sure they have the freedom to act.", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "We plan, think and act, often seeming to do so freely, but much of life simply happens to us.". Because Choice D does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
Associated Text:
We plan, think and act, often seeming to do so freely, but much of life simply happens to us.
