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雅思学术题组阅读练习题79

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This reading practice simulates one part of the IELTS General Reading test. You should spend about twenty minutes on it. Read the passage and answer questions 1-14.

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The decline of Europe's forests over the last decade and a half has led to an increasing awareness and understanding of the serious imbalances which threaten them. European countries are becoming increasingly concerned by major threats to European forests, such as air pollution, soil deteriorat...
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Questions 1-7
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? In boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE   if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE   if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN   if there is no information on this.

1. Forest problems of Scandinavia are to be discussed at the next meeting of experts.

2. Forests are a renewable source of raw material.

3. It was only in the twentieth century that the biological significance of forests was eventually recognized.

4. Natural forests still exist in parts of Europe

5. Forest policy should be limited by national boundaries.

6. European governments cannot agree on how to manage forests in the future.

7. The Strasbourg conference decided that a forest policy must allow for the possibility of change.

The answer is NOT GIVEN. There is no information in the passage that indicates whether forest problems of Scandinavia will be discussed at the next meeting of experts. The text in the first paragraph says that countries confined to particular geographical areas such as Scandinavia were not included in this particular task, but it does not state anything about future meetings or discussions related to Scandinavia. Therefore, this information is not given in the passage.

Associated Text:
Countries confined to particular geographical areas, such as countries bordering the Mediterranean or Scandinavia were not included in this particular task.

The answer is TRUE. The passage in paragraph two states, 'forests provide raw materials for human activities through their constantly renewed production of wood.' This indicates that forests are a renewable source of raw material because the production of wood is described as 'constantly renewed'.

Associated Text:
forests provide raw materials for human activities through their constantly renewed production of wood.

The answer is FALSE. The passage in paragraph two notes that 'The economic importance of forests has been understood since the dawn of man, as wood was the first source of fuel, while other aspects have been recognized only for a few centuries.' This means the economic significance, not the biological significance, was recognized early, and 'other aspects' (which would include biological) were recognized for a few centuries, not just the twentieth century. Therefore, it is false that the biological significance was recognized only in the twentieth century.

Associated Text:
The economic importance of forests has been understood since the dawn of man, as wood was the first source of fuel, while other aspects have been recognized only for a few centuries.

The answer is FALSE. In paragraph three, the passage specifically states, 'The myth of the 'natural' forest has survived, yet there are effectively no remaining 'primary' forests in Europe. All European forests are artificial, having been adapted and exploited by man for thousands of years.' This means that natural forests no longer exist in Europe.

Associated Text:
The myth of the 'natural' forest has survived, yet there are effectively no remaining 'primary' forests in Europe. All European forests are artificial, having been adapted and exploited by man for thousands of years.

The answer is FALSE. In paragraph three, the text says, 'a forest policy is vital, that it must transcend national frontiers and generations of people.' This means that forest policy should not be limited by national boundaries, but should go beyond them. Therefore, the statement is false.

Associated Text:
a forest policy is vital, that it must transcend national frontiers and generations of people

The answer is FALSE. In the last paragraph, the text says the final text of the conference 'commits them to an ongoing discussion between government representatives with responsibility for forests.' This shows that European governments can agree on how to manage forests in the future, as they have agreed to continue discussing it.

Associated Text:
Their final text commits them to an ongoing discussion between government representatives with responsibility for forests.

The answer is TRUE. In paragraph three, the passage states, 'it must allow for the inevitable changes that take place in the forests. The Strasbourg conference was one of the first events on such a scale to reach this conclusion.' This shows the conference decided that forest policy must allow for possible changes.

Associated Text:
it must allow for the inevitable changes that take place in the forests. The Strasbourg conference was one of the first events on such a scale to reach this conclusion.

Questions 8-13
Look at the following List of resolutions (Questions 8-13) and Statements Issued by the Conference below.

Match statements with the appropriate resolutions

Write the correct number A-J in boxes Questions 8-13 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.
Statements Issued by the Conference
  1. Efforts should be made to maintain all kinds of species of forests.
  2. The putting in place of a program studying the damage done to mountain forests.
  3. There should be more financial investment in research related to forest environments.
  4. There should be greater coordination between countries in the research and management of forests.
  5. Information be collected and shared which relates to damage caused by fire.
  6. Loss of leaves from trees should be more extensively and carefully monitored
  7. Resources should be allocated to research tree diseases.
  8. Skiing and other recreational activities should be encouraged in thinly populated areas.
  9. Soil imbalances such as acidification should be treated with compounds of nitrogen and sulfur.
  10. The controlled monitoring of forests to determine any decline in their condition.

8. Resolution 1

9. Resolution 2

10. Resolution 3

11. Resolution 4

12. Resolution 5

13. Resolution 6

The answer is J. Paragraph four says, 'The first resolution proposes the extension and systematic monitoring of surveillance sites to prevent forest decline,' and it mentions monitoring 'leads to the loss of a high proportion of a tree's needles or leaves.' Choice J – 'The controlled monitoring of forests to determine any decline in their condition' – clearly matches this content.

Associated Text:
The first resolution proposes the extension and systematic monitoring of surveillance sites to prevent forest decline.

The answer is A. Paragraph four states that 'the second resolution concentrates on the need to preserve the genetic diversity of European forests. The aim is to reverse the decline in the number of tree species or at least to preserve the "genetic material" of all of them.' Choice A – 'Efforts should be made to maintain all kinds of species of forests' – is directly supported by this information.

Associated Text:
The second resolution concentrates on the need to preserve the genetic diversity of European forests. The aim is to reverse the decline in the number of tree species or at least to preserve the 'genetic material' of all of them.

The answer is E. In paragraph four, the passage notes, 'the experts proposed the third resolution that the Strasbourg conference considers the establishment of a European databank on the subject. All information used in the development of national preventative policies would become generally available.' Choice E – 'Information be collected and shared which relates to damage caused by fire' – clearly matches this content.

Associated Text:
the Strasbourg conference considers the establishment of a European databank on the subject. All information used in the development of national preventative policies would become generally available.

The answer is B. In paragraph five, it says, 'the fourth resolution discussed by the ministers was mountain forests...Proposed developments include a preferential research program on mountain forests.' Choice B – 'The putting in place of a program studying the damage done to mountain forests' – matches this exactly.

Associated Text:
Proposed developments include a preferential research program on mountain forests.

The answer is G. Paragraph five states, 'the European research network on the physiology of trees, Euro Silva, should support joint European research on tree diseases and their physiological and biochemical aspects.' Choice G – 'Resources should be allocated to research tree diseases' is the statement that matches this content.

Associated Text:
the European research network on the physiology of trees, Euro Silva, should support joint European research on tree diseases and their physiological and biochemical aspects.

The answer is D. In paragraph five, it says, 'the conference established the framework for a European research network on forest ecosystems. This would also involve harmonizing activities in individual countries as well as identifying a number of priority research topics relating to the protection of forests.' Choice D – 'There should be greater coordination between countries in the research and management of forests' – is directly reflected in this sentence.

Associated Text:
the conference established the framework for a European research network on forest ecosystems. This would also involve harmonizing activities in individual countries as well as identifying a number of priority research topics relating to the protection of forests.

Question 14
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

Write your answers in box 14 on your answer sheet.

14. What was the main motivation for creating the six resolutions?

The answer is C. For question 14, (A) and (B) are too specific, and (D) does not match the passage. In the last paragraph, it states, 'The Strasbourg conference's main concern was to provide for the future. This was the initial motivation, one now shared by all 31 participants representing 31 European countries. Their final text commits them to an ongoing discussion between government representatives with responsibility for forests.' This shows that the main motivation was to help the government responsible for policies regarding forests. Therefore, option (C) is correct.

Associated Text:
The Strasbourg conference's main concern was to provide for the future. This was the initial motivation, one now shared by all 31 participants representing 31 European countries. Their final text commits them to an ongoing discussion between government representatives with responsibility for forests.

Answer Sheet
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
N/A
16
N/A
17
N/A
18
N/A
19
N/A
20
N/A
21
N/A
22
N/A
23
N/A
24
N/A
25
N/A
26
N/A
27
N/A
28
N/A
29
N/A
30
N/A
31
N/A
32
N/A
33
N/A
34
N/A
35
N/A
36
N/A
37
N/A
38
N/A
39
N/A
40
N/A
分数总览
0 / 1
Multiple Choice
Matching Sentence Endings
Note Completion
Table Completion
Flow Chart Completion
Summary Completion
Multiple Selection
Short Answer
Matching Headings
Matching Features
Matching Information
Identifying Information
Identifying Viewer Claims
Sentence Completion
Diagram Labelling
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Tips to improve your reading speed
To get a high score on the IELTS reading section, you need to have a fast reading speed. To have a fast reading speed, you need to improve your vocabulary and practice dissecting sentences. One strategy to dissect a sentence is to look for the subject and verb of the sentence. Finding the subject and verb will help you better understand the main idea of said sentence. Keep in mind, a common feature of a IELTS reading passage is to join strings of ideas to form long compound sentences. This produces large chunks that students have a hard time absorbing. Do not get overwhelmed by its length, just look for the subject and verb, the rest of the ideas will flow.

Keep in mind, having a slow reading speed makes skimming or scanning a reading passage more difficult. The process of quickly skimming through a reading passage for specific keywords or main ideas is a requirement for you to employ successful reading strategies to improve your IELTS reading score. In other words, skimming and scanning are critical skills to ensure you complete all questions in the allotted time frame.
IELTS Reading Strategies
Once you can read and comprehend a passage with a rate of, at least, 220 words per minute, you'll be ready to start implementing our strategies. All too often, students spend too much time reading the passages and not enough time answering the questions. Here is a step by step guide for tackling the reading section.

  1. Step 1: Read questions first

    One of the most common mistakes that candidates make when approaching the reading exam is reading every single word of the passages. Although you can practice for the exam by reading for pleasure, "reading blindly" (reading without any sense of what the questions will ask) will not do you any favors in the exam. Instead, it will hurt your chances for effectively managing your time and getting the best score.

    The main reason to read the questions first is because the type of question may determine what you read in the passage or how you read it. For example, some question types will call for the "skimming" technique, while others may call for the "scanning" technique.

    It is important to answer a set of questions that are of the same question type. You'll need to determine which question type you want to tackle first. A good strategy would be to start with the easier question type and move on to more difficult question types later. The Easiest question types are the ones where you spend less time reading. For example, the Matching Heading question type is an easier one because you only need to find the heading that best describes the main idea of a paragraph. An example of a difficult question type would be Identifying Information. For this question type, you'll need to read each paragraph to find out if each statement is TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN according to the passage.

    Here is a table that lists the difficulty levels for each question type. Use this table as a reference when choosing which question type you want to tackle first.

    Difficulty level Question Type
    Easy Sentence Completion
    Short answer
    Medium Matching Features
    Multiple choice
    Matching Headings
    Summary, Table, Flow-Chart Completion
    Difficult Matching Sentence Endings
    Matching Information
    Identifying Information (TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN)
    Identifying Viewer's claims (YES/NO/NOT GIVEN)

  2. Step 2: Read for an objective

    After you've read the questions for the passage, you will be able to read for an objective. What does this mean? For example, if you come across a question that includes the year "1896", you can make a note of when this year comes up in the text, using it to answer the question later on. There are two reading techniques that will help you stay on track with reading for an objective. The first one, skimming, is best defined as reading fast in order to get the "gist", or general idea, or a passage. With this technique, you are not stopping for any unfamiliar words or looking for specific details. The second technique, scanning, is best defined as reading for specific information. With this technique, you are not reading for the overall gist, but rather, specific information. Notice how each of these techniques has a specific objective in mind. This will help you find information more quickly.

  3. Step 3: Take notes

    As you're reading for an objective, you should also be making notes on the margins of the passage, placing stars next to key information, or underlining things that you believe will help you answer the various questions. This will make it easier for you to check back when you are asked certain things in the questions. Choose whichever note-taking system is right for you - just make sure you do it!

  4. Step 4: Answer wisely

    After you've read the questions, read the passage, and have taken any appropriate notes, you you should have located the part of the text where you where you need to read carefully. Then just read carefully and think critically to determine the correct answer.

IELTS Reading Question Types

The IELTS reading test contains many different question types:

Matching HeadingsIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Headings
Matching InformationIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Information
Matching FeaturesIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Features
Summary CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Summary Completion
Identifying InformationIELTS Reading Lesson: Identifying Information
Identifying Writer's claimsIELTS Reading Lesson: Identifying Writer's claims
Multiple ChoiceIELTS Reading Lesson: Multiple Choice
Short AnswerIELTS Reading Lesson: Short Answer
Match Sentence EndingIELTS Reading Lesson: Match Sentence Ending
Sentence CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Sentence Completion
Table CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Table Completion
 
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