Questions 21-22
Choose two letters A-E.
Write your answers in boxes 21-22 on your answer sheet.
Which TWO issues made Anya's beach survey hard to compare accurately?
-
Site edges varied.
-
Assistants were unavailable.
-
Sections became inaccessible.
-
Origins were uncertain.
-
Storms prevented sampling.
(A) is correct. Anya says the tide and wind changed how the beach looked, so she needed fixed markers to keep the same survey area.
(B) is incorrect. B, C, and E are not mentioned.
(C) is incorrect. B, C, and E are not mentioned.
(D) is correct. Anya says tiny fragments were hard to classify since they could have come from almost anything, so their origins were uncertain.
(E) is incorrect. B, C, and E are not mentioned.
Associated Text:
Anya: [tired] Yes. It took ages to organise properly. Keeping the exact survey area identical from one visit to the next is difficult. The tide line moved, and the beach looked different after windy weather, so I had to use fixed markers on the cliff path.
(A) is correct. Anya says the tide and wind changed how the beach looked, so she needed fixed markers to keep the same survey area.
(B) is incorrect. B, C, and E are not mentioned.
(C) is incorrect. B, C, and E are not mentioned.
(D) is correct. Anya says tiny fragments were hard to classify since they could have come from almost anything, so their origins were uncertain.
(E) is incorrect. B, C, and E are not mentioned.
Associated Text:
Anya: Exactly. And I was struggling with categorising the very small fragments reliably. Large items were easy enough, like bottles or food wrappers, but tiny pieces could have come from almost anything.
Questions 23-24
Choose two letters A-E.
Write your answers in boxes 23-24 on your answer sheet.
Which TWO weaknesses affected Anya's test of cup-lid breakdown?
-
Wrong item selected.
-
Labels damaged samples.
-
Setting kept fluctuating.
-
Brand details misled her.
-
Tools lacked precision.
(A) is incorrect. The recording does not support this option: Wrong item selected.
(B) is incorrect. The recording does not support this option: Labels damaged samples.
(C) is correct. Anya says the tank warmed and cooled during the day, so the setting kept fluctuating instead of matching stable bay conditions.
(D) is incorrect. The recording does not support this option: Brand details misled her.
(E) is correct. Anya says the scales could not measure the tiniest fragments accurately, so the tools lacked precision.
Associated Text:
I could not keep the tank water at a stable sea like temperature. The lab heated up during the day and cooled down at night, which is not the same as conditions in the bay.
(A) is incorrect. The recording does not support this option: Wrong item selected.
(B) is incorrect. The recording does not support this option: Labels damaged samples.
(C) is correct. Anya says the tank warmed and cooled during the day, so the setting kept fluctuating instead of matching stable bay conditions.
(D) is incorrect. The recording does not support this option: Brand details misled her.
(E) is correct. Anya says the scales could not measure the tiniest fragments accurately, so the tools lacked precision.
Associated Text:
The laboratory scales were not sensitive enough to weigh the smallest pieces. Once the lids began to break into tiny fragments, the measurements were not as accurate as I wanted.
Questions 25-30
Choose the correct letter, A, B, or C.
Write your answers in boxes 25-30
on your answer sheet.
25. What cafe policy does Anya think works best?
26. What do the students criticise packaging companies for?
27. What is the problem with beach-cleaning reports?
28. Why does Marcus mention promenade design?
29. What do they decide about ocean acidification?
30. What will they do next?
(A) is incorrect. Staff recommendations are not mentioned.
(B) is incorrect. Reusable-cup discounts did not change behaviour much.
(C) is correct. Anya says a small charge on every single-use cup made usage drop quickly.
Associated Text:
reusable cup discounts do not change behaviour much, but when cafes added a small charge of around twenty pence to every single use cup, usage dropped quite quickly.
(A) is correct. Marcus says manufacturers deliberately make biodegradable packaging labels hard to understand.
(B) is incorrect. He says labels give confusing information, not no information.
(C) is incorrect. He does not say the materials are completely ineffective.
Associated Text:
Manufacturers deliberately make the labels on biodegradable packaging hard to understand. They often give information that only applies to industrial composting, not to a real beach or the sea.
(A) is incorrect. He does not say the monthly target is too high.
(B) is incorrect. The issue is that council claims are too optimistic compared with records.
(C) is correct. Marcus says councils overestimate how much beach-cleaning activity actually takes place, so the records tell a different story from official claims.
Associated Text:
Councils often claim they are doing that, but when researchers check the records, the number of actual clean ups is much lower. Councils significantly overestimate how much clean up activity actually takes place.
(A) is correct. Marcus says better bin placement can shift littering behaviour without people realising.
(B) is incorrect. Elderly residents are not discussed.
(C) is incorrect. He is talking about design changes, not fines.
Associated Text:
If recycling bins are bright, clearly labelled and placed right next to takeaway stalls, people are more likely to use them without really thinking. It is a practical change that can shift people's littering behaviour without them realising.
(A) is correct. Marcus says ocean acidification is important but outside the topic, and Anya accepts that it belongs in a different talk.
(B) is incorrect. They do not decide to research it further or ask the tutor.
(C) is incorrect. They do not decide to research it further or ask the tutor.
Associated Text:
It is important, but our topic is single use plastics in coastal towns. If we add ocean acidification, the presentation will lose focus.
(A) is incorrect. Slide preparation comes later.
(B) is incorrect. They do not discuss finding out the presentation length.
(C) is correct. Marcus says they should decide on the content and organisation before preparing slides.
Associated Text:
Let us decide on the content and organisation first. Once we know what goes where, we can prepare the slides.
