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This reading practice simulates one part of the IELTS General Reading test. You should spend about twenty minutes on it. Read the passage and answer questions 1-13.

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Frozen FoodA US perspective on the development of the frozen food industryLong before refrigeration became a technology, people understood that ice could keep food edible. Archaeological and historical evidence suggests that winter ice was being saved for summer food storage as much as 10,000 years ...
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Questions 1-7
Complete the notes below.

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in 1-7 on your answer sheet.

The history of frozen food

Ancient South America: the nutrition of (1) was preserved by freezing and drying.

1851, USA

(2) was transported in adapted trains cooled with ice.

1880, Australia

Two types of (3) became the first frozen food sent to England.

1917 onwards, USA

Clarence Birdseye used quick-freezing so (4) did not damage the food.

Clarence Birdseye used (5) packaging so buyers could see the product.

Early 1940s, USA

Frozen food became popular because (6) was scarce.

1950s, USA

Many homes now owned a (7).

Use "Potatoes" because the passage says Andean communities kept potatoes by freezing and drying them, preserving their nutritional value.

Associated Text:
Around two millennia ago, communities in the Andean mountains of South America developed their own method for keeping potatoes for future use: they froze them at night, crushed out the moisture underfoot, and then left them to dry in sunlight.

Use "Butter" because the passage states that butter was transported in insulated rail cars cooled by ice.

Associated Text:
By 1851, American railroads were placing ice blocks inside insulated railway cars to transport butter from Ogdensburg, New York, to Boston.

Use "Meat" because Australian cattle producers saw that mechanical refrigeration could let them export meat by ship.

Associated Text:
If this machinery could be installed on ships, they could export meat across oceans.

Use "Crystals" because the passage explains that crystals formed during freezing and damaged food cells.

Associated Text:
During freezing, crystals developed inside the food cells; as the ice expanded and ruptured those cells, the flavour and texture were damaged.

Use "Cellophane" because Birdseye introduced cellophane as transparent food packaging.

Associated Text:
Another advance was his use of cellophane, the first transparent packaging material for food, allowing shoppers to inspect the product's quality.

Use "Tin" because frozen food became popular when tin was needed for wartime munitions and canned food was rationed.

Associated Text:
Tin was needed for munitions, so canned foods were rationed to conserve it for military production, while frozen foods remained plentiful and inexpensive.

Use "Refrigerator" because the passage says many American families owned a refrigerator by the 1950s.

Associated Text:
In 1953, 33 million households in the United States owned a refrigerator, and manufacturers were steadily enlarging the freezer compartments.

Questions 8-13
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? In boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE   if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE   if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN   if there is no information on this.

8. The ice transportation business made several Boston ship owners very wealthy in the early 1800s.

9. A disadvantage of the freezing method invented in Australia was that it affected the taste of food.

10. Clarence Birdseye travelled to Labrador in order to learn how the Inuit individuals froze fish.

11. Swanson Foods invested a considerable deal of money in the promotion of the TV Dinner.

12. Swanson Foods created a new style of container for the launch of the TV Dinner.

13. The US frozen food sector is currently the largest in the world.

The answer is NOT GIVEN because the passage does not give enough information to confirm the statement. The closest relevant evidence is: "In the early 1800s, ship owners based in Boston, USA, arranged for huge Arctic ice blocks to be hauled across the Atlantic so that food could be preserved.". This may discuss a related idea, but it does not prove the statement in the question.

Associated Text:
In the early 1800s, ship owners based in Boston, USA, arranged for huge Arctic ice blocks to be hauled across the Atlantic so that food could be preserved.

The answer is TRUE because the statement agrees with the passage. The key evidence is: "During freezing, crystals developed inside the food cells; as the ice expanded and ruptured those cells, the flavour and texture were damaged.". This evidence says the same thing as the question statement, so the statement is supported.

Associated Text:
During freezing, crystals developed inside the food cells; as the ice expanded and ruptured those cells, the flavour and texture were damaged.

The answer is FALSE because the statement contradicts the passage. The key evidence is: "In 1912, Clarence Birdseye, a biology student from Massachusetts in the United States, ran short of money and travelled to Labrador to trap and trade furs.". This evidence gives a different meaning from the question statement, so the statement is not correct.

Associated Text:
In 1912, Clarence Birdseye, a biology student from Massachusetts in the United States, ran short of money and travelled to Labrador to trap and trade furs.

The answer is TRUE because the statement agrees with the passage. The key evidence is: "With a clever product name and a huge advertising budget, it introduced the first TV Dinner: frozen turkey, potatoes and vegetables arranged in the same segmented aluminum tray used by airlines.". This evidence says the same thing as the question statement, so the statement is supported.

Associated Text:
With a clever product name and a huge advertising budget, it introduced the first TV Dinner: frozen turkey, potatoes and vegetables arranged in the same segmented aluminum tray used by airlines.

The answer is FALSE because the statement contradicts the passage. The key evidence is: "With a clever product name and a huge advertising budget, it introduced the first TV Dinner: frozen turkey, potatoes and vegetables arranged in the same segmented aluminum tray used by airlines.". This evidence gives a different meaning from the question statement, so the statement is not correct.

Associated Text:
With a clever product name and a huge advertising budget, it introduced the first TV Dinner: frozen turkey, potatoes and vegetables arranged in the same segmented aluminum tray used by airlines.

The answer is NOT GIVEN because the passage does not give enough information to confirm the statement. The closest relevant evidence is: "At present, the frozen food industry in the United States turns over more than $67 billion each year.". This may discuss a related idea, but it does not prove the statement in the question.

Associated Text:
At present, the frozen food industry in the United States turns over more than $67 billion each year.

Answer Sheet
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
N/A
15
N/A
16
N/A
17
N/A
18
N/A
19
N/A
20
N/A
21
N/A
22
N/A
23
N/A
24
N/A
25
N/A
26
N/A
27
N/A
28
N/A
29
N/A
30
N/A
31
N/A
32
N/A
33
N/A
34
N/A
35
N/A
36
N/A
37
N/A
38
N/A
39
N/A
40
N/A
Riepilogo punteggi
0 / 1
Multiple Choice
Matching Sentence Endings
Note Completion
Table Completion
Flow Chart Completion
Summary Completion
Multiple Selection
Short Answer
Matching Headings
Matching Features
Matching Information
Identifying Information
Identifying Viewer Claims
Sentence Completion
Diagram Labelling
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Tips to improve your reading speed
To get a high score on the IELTS reading section, you need to have a fast reading speed. To have a fast reading speed, you need to improve your vocabulary and practice dissecting sentences. One strategy to dissect a sentence is to look for the subject and verb of the sentence. Finding the subject and verb will help you better understand the main idea of said sentence. Keep in mind, a common feature of a IELTS reading passage is to join strings of ideas to form long compound sentences. This produces large chunks that students have a hard time absorbing. Do not get overwhelmed by its length, just look for the subject and verb, the rest of the ideas will flow.

Keep in mind, having a slow reading speed makes skimming or scanning a reading passage more difficult. The process of quickly skimming through a reading passage for specific keywords or main ideas is a requirement for you to employ successful reading strategies to improve your IELTS reading score. In other words, skimming and scanning are critical skills to ensure you complete all questions in the allotted time frame.
IELTS Reading Strategies
Once you can read and comprehend a passage with a rate of, at least, 220 words per minute, you'll be ready to start implementing our strategies. All too often, students spend too much time reading the passages and not enough time answering the questions. Here is a step by step guide for tackling the reading section.

  1. Step 1: Read questions first

    One of the most common mistakes that candidates make when approaching the reading exam is reading every single word of the passages. Although you can practice for the exam by reading for pleasure, "reading blindly" (reading without any sense of what the questions will ask) will not do you any favors in the exam. Instead, it will hurt your chances for effectively managing your time and getting the best score.

    The main reason to read the questions first is because the type of question may determine what you read in the passage or how you read it. For example, some question types will call for the "skimming" technique, while others may call for the "scanning" technique.

    It is important to answer a set of questions that are of the same question type. You'll need to determine which question type you want to tackle first. A good strategy would be to start with the easier question type and move on to more difficult question types later. The Easiest question types are the ones where you spend less time reading. For example, the Matching Heading question type is an easier one because you only need to find the heading that best describes the main idea of a paragraph. An example of a difficult question type would be Identifying Information. For this question type, you'll need to read each paragraph to find out if each statement is TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN according to the passage.

    Here is a table that lists the difficulty levels for each question type. Use this table as a reference when choosing which question type you want to tackle first.

    Difficulty level Question Type
    Easy Sentence Completion
    Short answer
    Medium Matching Features
    Multiple choice
    Matching Headings
    Summary, Table, Flow-Chart Completion
    Difficult Matching Sentence Endings
    Matching Information
    Identifying Information (TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN)
    Identifying Viewer's claims (YES/NO/NOT GIVEN)

  2. Step 2: Read for an objective

    After you've read the questions for the passage, you will be able to read for an objective. What does this mean? For example, if you come across a question that includes the year "1896", you can make a note of when this year comes up in the text, using it to answer the question later on. There are two reading techniques that will help you stay on track with reading for an objective. The first one, skimming, is best defined as reading fast in order to get the "gist", or general idea, or a passage. With this technique, you are not stopping for any unfamiliar words or looking for specific details. The second technique, scanning, is best defined as reading for specific information. With this technique, you are not reading for the overall gist, but rather, specific information. Notice how each of these techniques has a specific objective in mind. This will help you find information more quickly.

  3. Step 3: Take notes

    As you're reading for an objective, you should also be making notes on the margins of the passage, placing stars next to key information, or underlining things that you believe will help you answer the various questions. This will make it easier for you to check back when you are asked certain things in the questions. Choose whichever note-taking system is right for you - just make sure you do it!

  4. Step 4: Answer wisely

    After you've read the questions, read the passage, and have taken any appropriate notes, you you should have located the part of the text where you where you need to read carefully. Then just read carefully and think critically to determine the correct answer.

IELTS Reading Question Types

The IELTS reading test contains many different question types:

Matching HeadingsIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Headings
Matching InformationIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Information
Matching FeaturesIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Features
Summary CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Summary Completion
Identifying InformationIELTS Reading Lesson: Identifying Information
Identifying Writer's claimsIELTS Reading Lesson: Identifying Writer's claims
Multiple ChoiceIELTS Reading Lesson: Multiple Choice
Short AnswerIELTS Reading Lesson: Short Answer
Match Sentence EndingIELTS Reading Lesson: Match Sentence Ending
Sentence CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Sentence Completion
Table CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Table Completion
 
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