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아이엘츠Academic Reading연습 문제56

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This reading practice simulates one part of the IELTS General Reading test. You should spend about twenty minutes on it. Read the passage and answer questions 27-40.

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An ideal cityLeonardo da Vinci's plan for an ideal city anticipated modern urban thinking by several centuries.The term genius is almost inseparable from Leonardo da Vinci. As a Renaissance figure, he combined scientific curiosity, artistic skill and humanist interests. Five centuries after his deat...
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Questions 27-33
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? In boxes 27-33 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE   if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE   if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN   if there is no information on this.

27. People first mentioned Leonardo da Vinci as a genius 500 years ago.

28. The current climate crisis is predicted to caemploy more deaths than the plague.

29. Several of the challenges we face today can be compared to those of earlier times.

30. Leonardo da Vinci's 'ideal city' was built in the 15th century.

31. Bad urban planning is a major contributor to climate change.

32. In Renaissance times, local individuals fought against the changes to Pienza and Ferrara.

33. Leonardo da Vinci kept a tidy, organised record of his designs.

The answer is NOT GIVEN because the passage does not give enough information to confirm the statement. The closest relevant evidence is: "The term genius is almost inseparable from Leonardo da Vinci.". This may discuss a related idea, but it does not prove the statement in the question.

Associated Text:
The term genius is almost inseparable from Leonardo da Vinci.

The answer is NOT GIVEN because the passage does not give enough information to confirm the statement. The closest relevant evidence is: "The Renaissance was the period that moved Europe from the 15th century towards modernity, following the 14th-century plague that caused a global crisis and around 200 million deaths across Europe and Asia.". This may discuss a related idea, but it does not prove the statement in the question.

Associated Text:
The Renaissance was the period that moved Europe from the 15th century towards modernity, following the 14th-century plague that caused a global crisis and around 200 million deaths across Europe and Asia.

The answer is TRUE because the statement agrees with the passage. The key evidence is: "Then, as now, radical solutions were needed to change how people lived and to protect humanity from disaster.". This evidence says the same thing as the question statement, so the statement is supported.

Associated Text:
Then, as now, radical solutions were needed to change how people lived and to protect humanity from disaster.

The answer is FALSE because the statement contradicts the passage. The key evidence is: "In line with a common Renaissance interest, he developed an ideal city project, but because its cost was excessive it would remain unbuilt.". This evidence gives a different meaning from the question statement, so the statement is not correct.

Associated Text:
In line with a common Renaissance interest, he developed an ideal city project, but because its cost was excessive it would remain unbuilt.

The answer is TRUE because the statement agrees with the passage. The key evidence is: "Since unsustainable urban models are a key cause of global climate change today, it is natural to ask how Leonardo might have reshaped modern cities.". This evidence says the same thing as the question statement, so the statement is supported.

Associated Text:
Since unsustainable urban models are a key cause of global climate change today, it is natural to ask how Leonardo might have reshaped modern cities.

The answer is NOT GIVEN because the passage does not give enough information to confirm the statement. The closest relevant evidence is: "Important Renaissance projects in Italy, including the reconfiguration of Pienza and the expansion of Ferrara, helped inspire Leonardo to reconsider medieval cities, whose streets were winding, crowded and lined with houses pressed closely together.". This may discuss a related idea, but it does not prove the statement in the question.

Associated Text:
Important Renaissance projects in Italy, including the reconfiguration of Pienza and the expansion of Ferrara, helped inspire Leonardo to reconsider medieval cities, whose streets were winding, crowded and lined with houses pressed closely together.

The answer is FALSE because the statement contradicts the passage. The key evidence is: "Important Renaissance projects in Italy, including the reconfiguration of Pienza and the expansion of Ferrara, helped inspire Leonardo to reconsider medieval cities, whose streets were winding, crowded and lined with houses pressed closely together.". This evidence gives a different meaning from the question statement, so the statement is not correct.

Associated Text:
Important Renaissance projects in Italy, including the reconfiguration of Pienza and the expansion of Ferrara, helped inspire Leonardo to reconsider medieval cities, whose streets were winding, crowded and lined with houses pressed closely together.

Questions 34-40
Complete the summary below.

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in 34-40 on your answer sheet.

Leonardo da Vinci's ideal city

The answer is Transport because it is supported by the passage evidence: "He designed the city for easy transport of goods and for clean urban spaces, and he wanted spacious, comfortable streets and well-ordered architecture.". This evidence gives the same meaning as the question, so the answer follows directly from the text.

Associated Text:
He designed the city for easy transport of goods and for clean urban spaces, and he wanted spacious, comfortable streets and well-ordered architecture.

The answer is Staircases because it is supported by the passage evidence: "He wanted the city to rise on several levels connected by vertical outdoor staircases.". This evidence gives the same meaning as the question, so the answer follows directly from the text.

Associated Text:
He wanted the city to rise on several levels connected by vertical outdoor staircases.

The answer is Engineering because it is supported by the passage evidence: "The real originality of Leonardo's plan lay in its combination of architecture and engineering.". This evidence gives the same meaning as the question, so the answer follows directly from the text.

Associated Text:
The real originality of Leonardo's plan lay in its combination of architecture and engineering.

The answer is Rule because it is supported by the passage evidence: "Leonardo also argued that street width should correspond to the average height of nearby houses, a rule still followed in many Italian cities to admit sunlight and reduce earthquake damage.". This evidence gives the same meaning as the question, so the answer follows directly from the text.

Associated Text:
Leonardo also argued that street width should correspond to the average height of nearby houses, a rule still followed in many Italian cities to admit sunlight and reduce earthquake damage.

The answer is Roman because it is supported by the passage evidence: "Leonardo also argued that street width should correspond to the average height of nearby houses, a rule still followed in many Italian cities to admit sunlight and reduce earthquake damage.". This evidence gives the same meaning as the question, so the answer follows directly from the text.

Associated Text:
Leonardo also argued that street width should correspond to the average height of nearby houses, a rule still followed in many Italian cities to admit sunlight and reduce earthquake damage.

The answer is Paris because it is supported by the passage evidence: "One example is Georges-Eugene Haussmann's renovation of Paris under Emperor Napoleon III between 1853 and 1870, where city functions were separated, infrastructure and services were placed below, and broad, well-ventilated boulevards and walkways served residents above.". This evidence gives the same meaning as the question, so the answer follows directly from the text.

Associated Text:
One example is Georges-Eugene Haussmann's renovation of Paris under Emperor Napoleon III between 1853 and 1870, where city functions were separated, infrastructure and services were placed below, and broad, well-ventilated boulevards and walkways served residents above.

The answer is Outwards because it is supported by the passage evidence: "Many scholars argue that a compact city built upwards rather than outwards, integrated with nature, especially water systems, and supported by efficient transport infrastructure could make modern cities more efficient and sustainable.". This evidence gives the same meaning as the question, so the answer follows directly from the text.

Associated Text:
Many scholars argue that a compact city built upwards rather than outwards, integrated with nature, especially water systems, and supported by efficient transport infrastructure could make modern cities more efficient and sustainable.

Answer Sheet
1
N/A
2
N/A
3
N/A
4
N/A
5
N/A
6
N/A
7
N/A
8
N/A
9
N/A
10
N/A
11
N/A
12
N/A
13
N/A
14
N/A
15
N/A
16
N/A
17
N/A
18
N/A
19
N/A
20
N/A
21
N/A
22
N/A
23
N/A
24
N/A
25
N/A
26
N/A
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
점수 요약
0 / 1
Multiple Choice
Matching Sentence Endings
Note Completion
Table Completion
Flow Chart Completion
Summary Completion
Multiple Selection
Short Answer
Matching Headings
Matching Features
Matching Information
Identifying Information
Identifying Viewer Claims
Sentence Completion
Diagram Labelling
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Tips to improve your reading speed
To get a high score on the IELTS reading section, you need to have a fast reading speed. To have a fast reading speed, you need to improve your vocabulary and practice dissecting sentences. One strategy to dissect a sentence is to look for the subject and verb of the sentence. Finding the subject and verb will help you better understand the main idea of said sentence. Keep in mind, a common feature of a IELTS reading passage is to join strings of ideas to form long compound sentences. This produces large chunks that students have a hard time absorbing. Do not get overwhelmed by its length, just look for the subject and verb, the rest of the ideas will flow.

Keep in mind, having a slow reading speed makes skimming or scanning a reading passage more difficult. The process of quickly skimming through a reading passage for specific keywords or main ideas is a requirement for you to employ successful reading strategies to improve your IELTS reading score. In other words, skimming and scanning are critical skills to ensure you complete all questions in the allotted time frame.
IELTS Reading Strategies
Once you can read and comprehend a passage with a rate of, at least, 220 words per minute, you'll be ready to start implementing our strategies. All too often, students spend too much time reading the passages and not enough time answering the questions. Here is a step by step guide for tackling the reading section.

  1. Step 1: Read questions first

    One of the most common mistakes that candidates make when approaching the reading exam is reading every single word of the passages. Although you can practice for the exam by reading for pleasure, "reading blindly" (reading without any sense of what the questions will ask) will not do you any favors in the exam. Instead, it will hurt your chances for effectively managing your time and getting the best score.

    The main reason to read the questions first is because the type of question may determine what you read in the passage or how you read it. For example, some question types will call for the "skimming" technique, while others may call for the "scanning" technique.

    It is important to answer a set of questions that are of the same question type. You'll need to determine which question type you want to tackle first. A good strategy would be to start with the easier question type and move on to more difficult question types later. The Easiest question types are the ones where you spend less time reading. For example, the Matching Heading question type is an easier one because you only need to find the heading that best describes the main idea of a paragraph. An example of a difficult question type would be Identifying Information. For this question type, you'll need to read each paragraph to find out if each statement is TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN according to the passage.

    Here is a table that lists the difficulty levels for each question type. Use this table as a reference when choosing which question type you want to tackle first.

    Difficulty level Question Type
    Easy Sentence Completion
    Short answer
    Medium Matching Features
    Multiple choice
    Matching Headings
    Summary, Table, Flow-Chart Completion
    Difficult Matching Sentence Endings
    Matching Information
    Identifying Information (TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN)
    Identifying Viewer's claims (YES/NO/NOT GIVEN)

  2. Step 2: Read for an objective

    After you've read the questions for the passage, you will be able to read for an objective. What does this mean? For example, if you come across a question that includes the year "1896", you can make a note of when this year comes up in the text, using it to answer the question later on. There are two reading techniques that will help you stay on track with reading for an objective. The first one, skimming, is best defined as reading fast in order to get the "gist", or general idea, or a passage. With this technique, you are not stopping for any unfamiliar words or looking for specific details. The second technique, scanning, is best defined as reading for specific information. With this technique, you are not reading for the overall gist, but rather, specific information. Notice how each of these techniques has a specific objective in mind. This will help you find information more quickly.

  3. Step 3: Take notes

    As you're reading for an objective, you should also be making notes on the margins of the passage, placing stars next to key information, or underlining things that you believe will help you answer the various questions. This will make it easier for you to check back when you are asked certain things in the questions. Choose whichever note-taking system is right for you - just make sure you do it!

  4. Step 4: Answer wisely

    After you've read the questions, read the passage, and have taken any appropriate notes, you you should have located the part of the text where you where you need to read carefully. Then just read carefully and think critically to determine the correct answer.

IELTS Reading Question Types

The IELTS reading test contains many different question types:

Matching HeadingsIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Headings
Matching InformationIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Information
Matching FeaturesIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Features
Summary CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Summary Completion
Identifying InformationIELTS Reading Lesson: Identifying Information
Identifying Writer's claimsIELTS Reading Lesson: Identifying Writer's claims
Multiple ChoiceIELTS Reading Lesson: Multiple Choice
Short AnswerIELTS Reading Lesson: Short Answer
Match Sentence EndingIELTS Reading Lesson: Match Sentence Ending
Sentence CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Sentence Completion
Table CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Table Completion
 
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