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This reading practice simulates one part of the IELTS General Reading test. You should spend about twenty minutes on it. Read the passage and answer questions 1-13.

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Green roofsA Roofs planted with grass, vegetables and dense foliage are increasingly familiar in cities worldwide. Private firms and municipal authorities are investing in them because their benefits are wide-ranging: they reduce energy costs, lower flood risk, create habitats for urban wildlife, im...
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Questions 1-5
The reading passage has five paragraphs labelled A-E.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter A-E in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

1. mention of various challenges to be overcome before a green roof can be installed

2. reference to a city where green roofs have been encouraged for many years

3. a belief that existing green roofs should be used as an example for new ones

4. examples of how green roofs can operate together with other green urban initiatives

5. the need to make a convincing argument for the financial benefits of green roofs

Choose paragraph D because this paragraph contains the information requested in "mention of various challenges to be overcome before a green roof can be installed". The supporting sentence is: "Other issues include creating drainage routes, meeting health and safety rules, deciding whether public access is possible, dealing with planning restrictions and managing disruption around buildings during installation.". This sentence matches the meaning of the prompt, so paragraph D is the best location.

Associated Text:
Other issues include creating drainage routes, meeting health and safety rules, deciding whether public access is possible, dealing with planning restrictions and managing disruption around buildings during installation.

Choose paragraph C because this paragraph contains the information requested in "reference to a city where green roofs have been encouraged for many years". The supporting sentence is: "City leaders have again helped the movement: San Francisco recently introduced a policy requiring green roofs on new buildings, while Toronto has had policies since the 1990s encouraging rooftop urban farms.". This sentence matches the meaning of the prompt, so paragraph C is the best location.

Associated Text:
City leaders have again helped the movement: San Francisco recently introduced a policy requiring green roofs on new buildings, while Toronto has had policies since the 1990s encouraging rooftop urban farms.

Choose paragraph E because this paragraph contains the information requested in "a belief that existing green roofs should be used as an example for new ones". The supporting sentence is: "Existing success stories should be studied and repeated elsewhere so that green, blue, brown and food-producing roofs become normal in cities around the world.". This sentence matches the meaning of the prompt, so paragraph E is the best location.

Associated Text:
Existing success stories should be studied and repeated elsewhere so that green, blue, brown and food-producing roofs become normal in cities around the world.

Choose paragraph B because this paragraph contains the information requested in "examples of how green roofs can operate together with other green urban initiatives". The supporting sentence is: "London dominates much of the UK market, largely because policies such as the London Plan have helped more than double the capital's green-roof area.". This sentence matches the meaning of the prompt, so paragraph B is the best location.

Associated Text:
London dominates much of the UK market, largely because policies such as the London Plan have helped more than double the capital's green-roof area.

Choose paragraph D because this paragraph contains the information requested in "the need to make a convincing argument for the financial benefits of green roofs". The supporting sentence is: "To persuade developers and investors that green roofs are worth installing, the economic case remains essential. The idea of natural capital has been used to describe nature's financial value, such as the money saved when natural solutions reduce flood damage, support climate adaptation or help people live healthier, happier lives.". This sentence matches the meaning of the prompt, so paragraph D is the best location.

Associated Text:
To persuade developers and investors that green roofs are worth installing, the economic case remains essential. The idea of natural capital has been used to describe nature's financial value, such as the money saved when natural solutions reduce flood damage, support climate adaptation or help people live healthier, happier lives.

Questions 6-9
Complete the summary below.

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in 6-9 on your answer sheet.

Advantages of green roofs

City rooftops covered with greenery have many advantages. These include lessening the likelihood that floods will occur, reducing how much money is spent on (6) and creating environments that are suitable for wildlife. In many cases, they can also be used for producing (7). There are also social benefits of green roofs. For example, the medical profession recommends (8) as an activity to help people cope with mental health issues. Studies have also shown that the availability of green spaces can prevent physical problems such as (9).

Use "Energy" because the passage says green roofs reduce energy costs.

Associated Text:
Private firms and municipal authorities are investing in them because their benefits are wide-ranging: they reduce energy costs, lower flood risk, create habitats for urban wildlife, improve air quality and can even produce food.

Use "Food" because the passage says green roofs can produce food.

Associated Text:
Private firms and municipal authorities are investing in them because their benefits are wide-ranging: they reduce energy costs, lower flood risk, create habitats for urban wildlife, improve air quality and can even produce food.

Use "Gardening" because doctors recommend gardening outdoors for mental-health patients.

Associated Text:
Doctors are increasingly recommending time spent gardening outdoors for patients with anxiety and depression, and studies have found that even simple green spaces can improve life for dementia sufferers and help people avoid obesity.

Use "Obesity" because green spaces can help people avoid obesity.

Associated Text:
Doctors are increasingly recommending time spent gardening outdoors for patients with anxiety and depression, and studies have found that even simple green spaces can improve life for dementia sufferers and help people avoid obesity.

Questions 10-11
Choose two letters A-E.

Write your answers in boxes 10-11 on your answer sheet.

Which TWO advantages of using newer buildings for green roofs are mentioned in Paragraph C of the passage?
  1. a longer period for growing edible produce
  2. more efficient use of water
  3. increased capacity for storing water
  4. the ability to grow a wider variety of plants
  5. a broad surface area for cultivating plants

10

11

(A) is incorrect. Choice A says "a longer period for growing edible produce", but the supporting evidence for the correct answers is "Newer structures can usually bear more weight than retro-fitted older ones, so they can store more water at roof height. allow deeper soil, which makes it easier to grow a wider range of plants.". That evidence does not give Choice A as one of the two required statements.

(B) is incorrect. Choice B says "more efficient use of water", but the supporting evidence for the correct answers is "Newer structures can usually bear more weight than retro-fitted older ones, so they can store more water at roof height. allow deeper soil, which makes it easier to grow a wider range of plants.". That evidence does not give Choice B as one of the two required statements.

(C) is correct. Choice C matches the question because "increased capacity for storing water" is directly supported by the passage evidence: "Newer structures can usually bear more weight than retro-fitted older ones, so they can store more water at roof height.". That sentence gives one of the required ideas for "Which TWO advantages of using newer buildings for green roofs are mentioned in Paragraph C of the passage?".

(D) is correct. Choice D matches the question because "the ability to grow a wider variety of plants" is directly supported by the passage evidence: "allow deeper soil, which makes it easier to grow a wider range of plants.". That sentence gives one of the required ideas for "Which TWO advantages of using newer buildings for green roofs are mentioned in Paragraph C of the passage?".

(E) is incorrect. Choice E says "a broad surface area for cultivating plants", but the supporting evidence for the correct answers is "Newer structures can usually bear more weight than retro-fitted older ones, so they can store more water at roof height. allow deeper soil, which makes it easier to grow a wider range of plants.". That evidence does not give Choice E as one of the two required statements.

Associated Text:
Newer structures can usually bear more weight than retro-fitted older ones, so they can store more water at roof height.

(A) is incorrect. Choice A says "a longer period for growing edible produce", but the supporting evidence for the correct answers is "Newer structures can usually bear more weight than retro-fitted older ones, so they can store more water at roof height. allow deeper soil, which makes it easier to grow a wider range of plants.". That evidence does not give Choice A as one of the two required statements.

(B) is incorrect. Choice B says "more efficient use of water", but the supporting evidence for the correct answers is "Newer structures can usually bear more weight than retro-fitted older ones, so they can store more water at roof height. allow deeper soil, which makes it easier to grow a wider range of plants.". That evidence does not give Choice B as one of the two required statements.

(C) is correct. Choice C matches the question because "increased capacity for storing water" is directly supported by the passage evidence: "Newer structures can usually bear more weight than retro-fitted older ones, so they can store more water at roof height.". That sentence gives one of the required ideas for "Which TWO advantages of using newer buildings for green roofs are mentioned in Paragraph C of the passage?".

(D) is correct. Choice D matches the question because "the ability to grow a wider variety of plants" is directly supported by the passage evidence: "allow deeper soil, which makes it easier to grow a wider range of plants.". That sentence gives one of the required ideas for "Which TWO advantages of using newer buildings for green roofs are mentioned in Paragraph C of the passage?".

(E) is incorrect. Choice E says "a broad surface area for cultivating plants", but the supporting evidence for the correct answers is "Newer structures can usually bear more weight than retro-fitted older ones, so they can store more water at roof height. allow deeper soil, which makes it easier to grow a wider range of plants.". That evidence does not give Choice E as one of the two required statements.

Associated Text:
allow deeper soil, which makes it easier to grow a wider range of plants.

Questions 12-13
Choose two letters A-E.

Write your answers in boxes 12-13 on your answer sheet.

Which TWO aims of new variations on the concept of green roofs are mentioned in Paragraph E of the passage?
  1. to create habitats for many different species
  2. to cultivate plants successfully even in very wet climates
  3. to control the temperature of the nearby environment
  4. to produce energy from a renewable source
  5. to gather water for use by other buildings

12

13

(A) is correct. Choice A matches the question because "to create habitats for many different species" is directly supported by the passage evidence: "Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity.". That sentence gives one of the required ideas for "Which TWO aims of new variations on the concept of green roofs are mentioned in Paragraph E of the passage?".

(B) is incorrect. Choice B says "to cultivate plants successfully even in very wet climates", but the supporting evidence for the correct answers is "Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity. Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity.". That evidence does not give Choice B as one of the two required statements.

(C) is incorrect. Choice C says "to control the temperature of the nearby environment", but the supporting evidence for the correct answers is "Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity. Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity.". That evidence does not give Choice C as one of the two required statements.

(D) is correct. Choice D matches the question because "to produce energy from a renewable source" is directly supported by the passage evidence: "Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity.". That sentence gives one of the required ideas for "Which TWO aims of new variations on the concept of green roofs are mentioned in Paragraph E of the passage?".

(E) is incorrect. Choice E says "to gather water for use by other buildings", but the supporting evidence for the correct answers is "Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity. Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity.". That evidence does not give Choice E as one of the two required statements.

Associated Text:
Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity.

(A) is correct. Choice A matches the question because "to create habitats for many different species" is directly supported by the passage evidence: "Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity.". That sentence gives one of the required ideas for "Which TWO aims of new variations on the concept of green roofs are mentioned in Paragraph E of the passage?".

(B) is incorrect. Choice B says "to cultivate plants successfully even in very wet climates", but the supporting evidence for the correct answers is "Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity. Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity.". That evidence does not give Choice B as one of the two required statements.

(C) is incorrect. Choice C says "to control the temperature of the nearby environment", but the supporting evidence for the correct answers is "Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity. Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity.". That evidence does not give Choice C as one of the two required statements.

(D) is correct. Choice D matches the question because "to produce energy from a renewable source" is directly supported by the passage evidence: "Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity.". That sentence gives one of the required ideas for "Which TWO aims of new variations on the concept of green roofs are mentioned in Paragraph E of the passage?".

(E) is incorrect. Choice E says "to gather water for use by other buildings", but the supporting evidence for the correct answers is "Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity. Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity.". That evidence does not give Choice E as one of the two required statements.

Associated Text:
Green roofs can also be paired with solar panels, and brown roofs are wilder designs intended to maximise biodiversity.

Answer Sheet
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
N/A
15
N/A
16
N/A
17
N/A
18
N/A
19
N/A
20
N/A
21
N/A
22
N/A
23
N/A
24
N/A
25
N/A
26
N/A
27
N/A
28
N/A
29
N/A
30
N/A
31
N/A
32
N/A
33
N/A
34
N/A
35
N/A
36
N/A
37
N/A
38
N/A
39
N/A
40
N/A
Rezumat al scorurilor
0 / 1
Multiple Choice
Matching Sentence Endings
Note Completion
Table Completion
Flow Chart Completion
Summary Completion
Multiple Selection
Short Answer
Matching Headings
Matching Features
Matching Information
Identifying Information
Identifying Viewer Claims
Sentence Completion
Diagram Labelling
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Tips to improve your reading speed
To get a high score on the IELTS reading section, you need to have a fast reading speed. To have a fast reading speed, you need to improve your vocabulary and practice dissecting sentences. One strategy to dissect a sentence is to look for the subject and verb of the sentence. Finding the subject and verb will help you better understand the main idea of said sentence. Keep in mind, a common feature of a IELTS reading passage is to join strings of ideas to form long compound sentences. This produces large chunks that students have a hard time absorbing. Do not get overwhelmed by its length, just look for the subject and verb, the rest of the ideas will flow.

Keep in mind, having a slow reading speed makes skimming or scanning a reading passage more difficult. The process of quickly skimming through a reading passage for specific keywords or main ideas is a requirement for you to employ successful reading strategies to improve your IELTS reading score. In other words, skimming and scanning are critical skills to ensure you complete all questions in the allotted time frame.
IELTS Reading Strategies
Once you can read and comprehend a passage with a rate of, at least, 220 words per minute, you'll be ready to start implementing our strategies. All too often, students spend too much time reading the passages and not enough time answering the questions. Here is a step by step guide for tackling the reading section.

  1. Step 1: Read questions first

    One of the most common mistakes that candidates make when approaching the reading exam is reading every single word of the passages. Although you can practice for the exam by reading for pleasure, "reading blindly" (reading without any sense of what the questions will ask) will not do you any favors in the exam. Instead, it will hurt your chances for effectively managing your time and getting the best score.

    The main reason to read the questions first is because the type of question may determine what you read in the passage or how you read it. For example, some question types will call for the "skimming" technique, while others may call for the "scanning" technique.

    It is important to answer a set of questions that are of the same question type. You'll need to determine which question type you want to tackle first. A good strategy would be to start with the easier question type and move on to more difficult question types later. The Easiest question types are the ones where you spend less time reading. For example, the Matching Heading question type is an easier one because you only need to find the heading that best describes the main idea of a paragraph. An example of a difficult question type would be Identifying Information. For this question type, you'll need to read each paragraph to find out if each statement is TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN according to the passage.

    Here is a table that lists the difficulty levels for each question type. Use this table as a reference when choosing which question type you want to tackle first.

    Difficulty level Question Type
    Easy Sentence Completion
    Short answer
    Medium Matching Features
    Multiple choice
    Matching Headings
    Summary, Table, Flow-Chart Completion
    Difficult Matching Sentence Endings
    Matching Information
    Identifying Information (TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN)
    Identifying Viewer's claims (YES/NO/NOT GIVEN)

  2. Step 2: Read for an objective

    After you've read the questions for the passage, you will be able to read for an objective. What does this mean? For example, if you come across a question that includes the year "1896", you can make a note of when this year comes up in the text, using it to answer the question later on. There are two reading techniques that will help you stay on track with reading for an objective. The first one, skimming, is best defined as reading fast in order to get the "gist", or general idea, or a passage. With this technique, you are not stopping for any unfamiliar words or looking for specific details. The second technique, scanning, is best defined as reading for specific information. With this technique, you are not reading for the overall gist, but rather, specific information. Notice how each of these techniques has a specific objective in mind. This will help you find information more quickly.

  3. Step 3: Take notes

    As you're reading for an objective, you should also be making notes on the margins of the passage, placing stars next to key information, or underlining things that you believe will help you answer the various questions. This will make it easier for you to check back when you are asked certain things in the questions. Choose whichever note-taking system is right for you - just make sure you do it!

  4. Step 4: Answer wisely

    After you've read the questions, read the passage, and have taken any appropriate notes, you you should have located the part of the text where you where you need to read carefully. Then just read carefully and think critically to determine the correct answer.

IELTS Reading Question Types

The IELTS reading test contains many different question types:

Matching HeadingsIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Headings
Matching InformationIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Information
Matching FeaturesIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Features
Summary CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Summary Completion
Identifying InformationIELTS Reading Lesson: Identifying Information
Identifying Writer's claimsIELTS Reading Lesson: Identifying Writer's claims
Multiple ChoiceIELTS Reading Lesson: Multiple Choice
Short AnswerIELTS Reading Lesson: Short Answer
Match Sentence EndingIELTS Reading Lesson: Match Sentence Ending
Sentence CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Sentence Completion
Table CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Table Completion
 
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