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雅思學術題組閱讀練習題78

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This reading practice simulates one part of the IELTS General Reading test. You should spend about twenty minutes on it. Read the passage and answer questions 1-13.

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ManateesManatees, sometimes called sea cows, are water-dwelling mammals in the animal group Sirenia, which also includes dugongs. Dugongs and manatees resemble one another in size, colour and body form, and both have flexible flippers as forelimbs. The clearest difference is the tail: a manatee's ta...
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Questions 1-6
Complete the notes below.

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.

Write your answers in 1-6 on your answer sheet.

Manatees

Appearance

Similar to dugongs, but the (1) has a different shape.

Movement

Have fewer neck bones than most mammals.

Rely on (2) for steering the whole body when looking sideways.

Sense water vibrations using (3) on the skin.

Feeding

Feed mainly on aquatic plants, including (4).

Use (5) like hands when tearing up plants.

Breathing

When awake, they breathe at the surface every 2-4 minutes, and every 15-20 minutes while asleep.

Air stored internally may help regulate body (6).

Use "Tail" because the passage identifies the manatee's broad rounded tail as the feature that differs from a dugong's fluked tail.

Associated Text:
The clearest difference is the tail: a manatee's tail is broad and rounded, while a dugong has a fluked tail like a whale.

Use "Flippers" because the passage says manatees turn the whole body and use the flippers to steer.

Associated Text:
To look left or right, it has to turn its whole body, using its flippers to steer.

Use "Hair" because the passage states that hair on the body helps detect vibrations in the water.

Associated Text:
They also resemble elephants in certain ways: both have thick, wrinkled skin, and manatees have hair on their bodies that helps them detect vibrations in the surrounding water.

Use "Seagrasses" because the passage says most of a manatee's food consists of seagrasses and other marine plants.

Associated Text:
They also resemble elephants in certain ways: both have thick, wrinkled skin, and manatees have hair on their bodies that helps them detect vibrations in the surrounding water.

Use "Lips" because the passage says the lips act like hands to tear plants from the sea floor.

Associated Text:
Instead, their lips work rather like hands, helping them tear plants from the sea floor.

Use "Buoyancy" because the passage explains that manatees regulate buoyancy through the diaphragm and breathing.

Associated Text:
Scientists think manatees regulate buoyancy through their muscular diaphragm and breathing, possibly by contracting the diaphragm to compress and store gas in folds of the large intestine so that they can float.

Questions 7-13
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? In boxes 7-13 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE   if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE   if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN   if there is no information on this.

7. West Indian manatees may be found in a variety of different aquatic habitats.

8. The Florida manatee lives in hotter waters than the Antillean manatee.

9. The Afrimay manatee's range is limited to coastal waters between the West African countries of Mauritania and Angola.

10. The extent of the loss of Amazonian manatees in the mid-twentieth century was only revealed numerous years later.

11. It is predicted that West Indian manatee populations will decline in the coming decades.

12. The risk to manatees from entanglement and plastic consumption raised significantly in the period 2009-2020.

13. There is several legislation in place which aims to reduce the likelihood of boat strikes on manatees in Florida.

The answer is TRUE because the statement agrees with the passage. The key evidence is: "It uses both fresh and salt water habitats, including coastal mangroves, coral reefs, rivers, lakes and inland lagoons.". This evidence says the same thing as the question statement, so the statement is supported.

Associated Text:
It uses both fresh and salt water habitats, including coastal mangroves, coral reefs, rivers, lakes and inland lagoons.

The answer is NOT GIVEN because the passage does not give enough information to confirm the statement. The closest relevant evidence is: "This species has two subspecies: the Antillean manatee, found from the Bahamas to Brazil, and the Florida manatee, usually found in United States waters, though some have been recorded in the Bahamas.". This may discuss a related idea, but it does not prove the statement in the question.

Associated Text:
This species has two subspecies: the Antillean manatee, found from the Bahamas to Brazil, and the Florida manatee, usually found in United States waters, though some have been recorded in the Bahamas.

The answer is FALSE because the statement contradicts the passage. The key evidence is: "It also travels into rivers, and individuals have been observed in landlocked countries such as Mali and Niger.". This evidence gives a different meaning from the question statement, so the statement is not correct.

Associated Text:
It also travels into rivers, and individuals have been observed in landlocked countries such as Mali and Niger.

The answer is NOT GIVEN because the passage does not give enough information to confirm the statement. The closest relevant evidence is: "An estimated 140,000 Amazonian manatees were killed between 1935 and 1954 for meat, fat and skin, with the skin used for leather.". This may discuss a related idea, but it does not prove the statement in the question.

Associated Text:
An estimated 140,000 Amazonian manatees were killed between 1935 and 1954 for meat, fat and skin, with the skin used for leather.

The answer is TRUE because the statement agrees with the passage. The key evidence is: "Hunting manatees is now illegal in every country where the African species occurs.". This evidence says the same thing as the question statement, so the statement is supported.

Associated Text:
Hunting manatees is now illegal in every country where the African species occurs.

The answer is NOT GIVEN because the passage does not give enough information to confirm the statement. The closest relevant evidence is: "A review of nearly 1,800 cases involving fishing-net entanglement and plastic consumption among marine mammals in United States waters from 2009 to 2020 found that at least 700 involved manatees.". This may discuss a related idea, but it does not prove the statement in the question.

Associated Text:
A review of nearly 1,800 cases involving fishing-net entanglement and plastic consumption among marine mammals in United States waters from 2009 to 2020 found that at least 700 involved manatees.

The answer is TRUE because the statement agrees with the passage. The key evidence is: "Some Florida laws now restrict boat speeds in winter, giving slow-moving manatees more time to react.". This evidence says the same thing as the question statement, so the statement is supported.

Associated Text:
Some Florida laws now restrict boat speeds in winter, giving slow-moving manatees more time to react.

Answer Sheet
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
N/A
15
N/A
16
N/A
17
N/A
18
N/A
19
N/A
20
N/A
21
N/A
22
N/A
23
N/A
24
N/A
25
N/A
26
N/A
27
N/A
28
N/A
29
N/A
30
N/A
31
N/A
32
N/A
33
N/A
34
N/A
35
N/A
36
N/A
37
N/A
38
N/A
39
N/A
40
N/A
分數總覽
0 / 1
Multiple Choice
Matching Sentence Endings
Note Completion
Table Completion
Flow Chart Completion
Summary Completion
Multiple Selection
Short Answer
Matching Headings
Matching Features
Matching Information
Identifying Information
Identifying Viewer Claims
Sentence Completion
Diagram Labelling
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Tips to improve your reading speed
To get a high score on the IELTS reading section, you need to have a fast reading speed. To have a fast reading speed, you need to improve your vocabulary and practice dissecting sentences. One strategy to dissect a sentence is to look for the subject and verb of the sentence. Finding the subject and verb will help you better understand the main idea of said sentence. Keep in mind, a common feature of a IELTS reading passage is to join strings of ideas to form long compound sentences. This produces large chunks that students have a hard time absorbing. Do not get overwhelmed by its length, just look for the subject and verb, the rest of the ideas will flow.

Keep in mind, having a slow reading speed makes skimming or scanning a reading passage more difficult. The process of quickly skimming through a reading passage for specific keywords or main ideas is a requirement for you to employ successful reading strategies to improve your IELTS reading score. In other words, skimming and scanning are critical skills to ensure you complete all questions in the allotted time frame.
IELTS Reading Strategies
Once you can read and comprehend a passage with a rate of, at least, 220 words per minute, you'll be ready to start implementing our strategies. All too often, students spend too much time reading the passages and not enough time answering the questions. Here is a step by step guide for tackling the reading section.

  1. Step 1: Read questions first

    One of the most common mistakes that candidates make when approaching the reading exam is reading every single word of the passages. Although you can practice for the exam by reading for pleasure, "reading blindly" (reading without any sense of what the questions will ask) will not do you any favors in the exam. Instead, it will hurt your chances for effectively managing your time and getting the best score.

    The main reason to read the questions first is because the type of question may determine what you read in the passage or how you read it. For example, some question types will call for the "skimming" technique, while others may call for the "scanning" technique.

    It is important to answer a set of questions that are of the same question type. You'll need to determine which question type you want to tackle first. A good strategy would be to start with the easier question type and move on to more difficult question types later. The Easiest question types are the ones where you spend less time reading. For example, the Matching Heading question type is an easier one because you only need to find the heading that best describes the main idea of a paragraph. An example of a difficult question type would be Identifying Information. For this question type, you'll need to read each paragraph to find out if each statement is TRUE, FALSE, or NOT GIVEN according to the passage.

    Here is a table that lists the difficulty levels for each question type. Use this table as a reference when choosing which question type you want to tackle first.

    Difficulty level Question Type
    Easy Sentence Completion
    Short answer
    Medium Matching Features
    Multiple choice
    Matching Headings
    Summary, Table, Flow-Chart Completion
    Difficult Matching Sentence Endings
    Matching Information
    Identifying Information (TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN)
    Identifying Viewer's claims (YES/NO/NOT GIVEN)

  2. Step 2: Read for an objective

    After you've read the questions for the passage, you will be able to read for an objective. What does this mean? For example, if you come across a question that includes the year "1896", you can make a note of when this year comes up in the text, using it to answer the question later on. There are two reading techniques that will help you stay on track with reading for an objective. The first one, skimming, is best defined as reading fast in order to get the "gist", or general idea, or a passage. With this technique, you are not stopping for any unfamiliar words or looking for specific details. The second technique, scanning, is best defined as reading for specific information. With this technique, you are not reading for the overall gist, but rather, specific information. Notice how each of these techniques has a specific objective in mind. This will help you find information more quickly.

  3. Step 3: Take notes

    As you're reading for an objective, you should also be making notes on the margins of the passage, placing stars next to key information, or underlining things that you believe will help you answer the various questions. This will make it easier for you to check back when you are asked certain things in the questions. Choose whichever note-taking system is right for you - just make sure you do it!

  4. Step 4: Answer wisely

    After you've read the questions, read the passage, and have taken any appropriate notes, you you should have located the part of the text where you where you need to read carefully. Then just read carefully and think critically to determine the correct answer.

IELTS Reading Question Types

The IELTS reading test contains many different question types:

Matching HeadingsIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Headings
Matching InformationIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Information
Matching FeaturesIELTS Reading Lesson: Matching Features
Summary CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Summary Completion
Identifying InformationIELTS Reading Lesson: Identifying Information
Identifying Writer's claimsIELTS Reading Lesson: Identifying Writer's claims
Multiple ChoiceIELTS Reading Lesson: Multiple Choice
Short AnswerIELTS Reading Lesson: Short Answer
Match Sentence EndingIELTS Reading Lesson: Match Sentence Ending
Sentence CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Sentence Completion
Table CompletionIELTS Reading Lesson: Table Completion
 
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