IELTSNgheCâu hỏi luyện tập55

The answer is 32,100/32100. In the note completion, the gap asks for the number of years ago that dogs evolved from wolves, according to the new study. The listening script says: "Domestic dogs evolved from a group of wolves that came into contact with European hunter-gatherers between 18,800 and 32,100 years ago." This sentence directly gives both numbers, so the correct answer for the blank is 32,100/32100.

Associated Text:
Domestic dogs evolved from a group of wolves that came into contact with European hunter-gatherers between 18,800 and 32,100 years ago

The answer is conclusions. The question asks what two earlier studies came to, with the prompt that they were different. In the script, it states: "The new study follows two earlier studies that looked at the genetic signatures of domestication in dogs, and came to differing conclusions about canine origins." This sentence uses the noun 'conclusions' to describe what the earlier studies arrived at, making it the best fit for the answer.

Associated Text:
The new study follows two earlier studies that looked at the genetic signatures of domestication in dogs, and came to differing conclusions about canine origins.

The answer is living/modern. The gap in the notes is referring to the source of DNA in the earlier studies. The script states: "Both studies compared the genes of a wide variety of living dogs and wolves," making 'living' a correct answer. It also later says: "modern samples can be deceptive", so 'modern' is also acceptable.

Associated Text:
Both studies compared the genes of a wide variety of living dogs and wolves

The answer is recently. The question asks about why the samples are confusing, implying something about the timing of dog and wolf separation. The script says: "Dogs and wolves diverged so recently that many of their genes have not had time to separate into distinct lineages." The use of 'recently' directly answers why the samples are confusing.

Associated Text:
Dogs and wolves diverged so recently that many of their genes have not had time to separate into distinct lineages.

The answer is family tree. The question is about how the scientists overcame the problem with previous studies. The script clearly states: "They compared these ancient sequences of DNA to those from 49 modern wolves and 77 modern dogs, and built a family tree that charts their relationships." So 'family tree' fits the gap in the notes.

Associated Text:
They compared these ancient sequences of DNA to those from 49 modern wolves and 77 modern dogs, and built a family tree that charts their relationships

The answer is major centre/major center. The question asks about Europe’s role in dog domestication according to the new study. The script says: "The tree conclusively pinpointed Europe as the major centre of dog domestication." This matches exactly with the note’s gap, allowing for either UK spelling 'centre' or US 'center'.

Associated Text:
The tree conclusively pinpointed Europe as the major centre of dog domestication.

The answer is ancient. The question asks what kind of DNA from the Middle East or China was not analyzed. The script says: "the analysis does not include any ancient DNA from the Middle East or China." Thus, 'ancient' is the correct word to fill the gap.

Associated Text:
the analysis does not include any ancient DNA from the Middle East or China.