Questions 31-40
Complete the notes below.
Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.
History of the bicycle
The correct answer is Germany. The lecturer says Karl Drais invented the first recognisable bicycle in Germany.
Associated Text:
the very first two wheeled human powered machine we would recognise as a bicycle was invented in 1817 by Karl Drais, a civil servant in Germany.
The correct answer is wood. Drais's running machine had a frame and wheels built almost entirely from wood.
Associated Text:
the frame and the wheels of Drais's machine were built almost entirely from wood.
The correct answer is bones. The velocipede was nicknamed the boneshaker because the rough ride shook the rider's bones.
Associated Text:
The velocipede was nicknamed the boneshaker, because riding it really did shake your bones, and after a long ride your back, hips and knees ached for days
The correct answer is iron. The high-wheeler's frame and wheel rims were made from light but strong iron tubing.
Associated Text:
Both the frame and the wheel rims were built from light but strong iron tubing, hollow rather than solid, which made the whole machine surprisingly light for its size.
The correct answer is chain. The 1885 Rover safety bicycle drove the rear wheel through a chain.
Associated Text:
John Kemp Starley's 1885 Rover safety bicycle, which finally made cycling safe and accessible, with two wheels of equal size and the rear wheel driven through a chain.
The correct answer is pneumatic. Dunlop introduced the pneumatic tyre, a rubber tube filled with air, in 1888.
Associated Text:
in 1888, John Boyd Dunlop introduced the pneumatic tyre, a rubber tube filled with air, fitted around the rim of each wheel
The correct answer is women. The safety bicycle gave women independent mobility and changed their ability to travel alone.
Associated Text:
It gave women a private, affordable, independent form of transport that did not require a chaperone, and the suffragist Susan B. Anthony famously said it had done more to emancipate women than anything else of her age.
The correct answer is commuting. Urban workers used the bicycle as a cheap, reliable way of travelling from home to work each day.
Associated Text:
The bicycle gave them a cheap, reliable form of daily commuting, and from the 1890s onwards bicycle commuting was the dominant way working people got to work in many British, French and Dutch cities.
The correct answer is rural. The bicycle transformed rural life by extending travel range in areas without railway access.
Associated Text:
Before the bicycle, people in rural areas where the railway did not reach were essentially confined to the few miles their feet could carry them.
The correct answer is magazines. Cycling clubs published their own magazines, which promoted political reforms.
Associated Text:
Cycling clubs across Britain, France and Germany published their own magazines, and many of those magazines actively promoted political reforms, better roads, women's suffrage, shorter working hours, the issues that mattered to the cycling membership
