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Guia do Teste de Reading IELTS: Teste de Prática de IELTS Reading Gratuito para IELTS General Reading e IELTS Academic Reading

Neste guia pode começar a sua prática de reading IELTS realizando um teste de reading IELTS gratuito. Existem, no entanto, duas versões do exame: IELTS general reading e IELTS academic reading. Vai aprender qual a versão mais adequada para si e como abordar cada tipo de pergunta de reading utilizando o nosso material de leitura IELTS.

Receba uma análise gratuita da sua pontuação de reading do IELTS e um plano de estudos personalizado após concluir um teste prático gratuito de reading do IELTS.

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Guia de prática do IELTS Reading

O restante deste guia vai ensinar-te tudo sobre o exame do IELTS Reading, tanto na versão general training como na versão académica. Vais aprender como é calculada a pontuação de Reading, como responder com sucesso a cada tipo de pergunta, a melhorar a tua leitura com material em inglês e a dominar as nossas 3 estratégias para teres sucesso na prática do IELTS Reading.

Índice

Informação sobre o exame do IELTS Reading

O exame do IELTS Reading é constituído por 3 secções e um total de 40 perguntas. Em geral, irás responder a 12-14 perguntas em cada secção e dispões de exatamente 60 minutos para concluir o exame. Cada secção contém 1 a 3 textos, dependendo da versão do exame que estás a fazer. Se já sabes qual a versão que vais realizar, podes saltar as próximas secções. Caso contrário, é importante conheceres cada exame e saberes como te preparar.

Qual o exame do IELTS Reading certo para mim?

O exame do IELTS Reading tem duas versões: IELTS General Reading e IELTS Academic Reading. Farás o General Reading se pretendes emigrar ou ingressar no ensino secundário. Farás o Academic Reading se pretendes prosseguir estudos superiores. A maior diferença entre o general e o academic está na dificuldade dos textos do IELTS Reading. Como o nome indica, o exame académico usa material de fontes académicas, enquanto o general utiliza material do quotidiano.

Ambos os exames têm 3 secções, 40 perguntas e 11 tipos de perguntas. Podes ler em detalhe cada secção de ambos os exames na tabela em baixo.

Secção Exame IELTS Academic Reading Exame IELTS General Reading
1 Um texto académico longo, que vai do descritivo e factual ao discursivo e analítico. O texto será retirado de livros, revistas científicas, revistas e jornais.

12 a 14 perguntas
Dois ou três textos factuais curtos. Os temas estão relacionados com a vida quotidiana num país de língua inglesa.

12 a 14 perguntas
2 Um texto académico longo, que vai do descritivo e factual ao discursivo e analítico. O texto será retirado de livros, revistas científicas, revistas e jornais.

10 a 14 perguntas
Dois textos factuais curtos centrados em questões relacionadas com o trabalho (p. ex., candidaturas a emprego, políticas da empresa, salários e condições).

12 a 14 perguntas
3 Um texto académico longo, que vai do descritivo e factual ao discursivo e analítico. O texto será retirado de livros, revistas científicas, revistas e jornais.

12 a 14 perguntas
Um texto mais longo e complexo sobre um tema de interesse geral. Os textos são autênticos e provêm de anúncios, avisos, manuais de empresa, livros, revistas e jornais.

12 a 14 perguntas

Agora que estás familiarizado com a estrutura do exame do IELTS Reading e com ambas as versões general e academic, é altura de descobrires se te convém mais o exame em papel ou o exame por computador.

IELTS em papel (PBT) vs. IELTS por computador (CBT)

No PBT, ser-te-á entregue um Caderno de Perguntas e uma Folha de Respostas. O Caderno de Perguntas é onde verás todas as perguntas a que tens de responder. A Folha de Respostas é onde escreverás as tuas respostas definitivas para classificação. Podes consultar a folha oficial de respostas do IELTS em PDF aqui

Nota: Ao contrário do exame de IELTS Listening, não te será concedido tempo adicional para transferires as respostas do caderno para a folha de respostas, por isso certifica-te de que vais passando cada resposta para a folha à medida que vais respondendo às perguntas.

No CBT, irás responder às perguntas no computador. Os textos aparecem do lado esquerdo e as perguntas do lado direito. Também poderás destacar texto e usar funções de controlo para copiar e colar respostas. Para mais informação sobre o PBT e o CBT, consulta o guia do IELTS por computador.

Podes praticar qualquer uma das versões sempre que quiseres com o nosso exame de prática gratuito do IELTS Reading. Encontras as ligações para todo o nosso material de IELTS Reading no topo da página.

Perguntas de exemplo de IELTS Reading

Aqui estão duas práticas gratuitas de IELTS Academic Reading. Resolva cada uma e depois abra as respostas para conferir. O guia de tipos de pergunta IELTS Reading explica cada tipo e traz mais perguntas de exemplo.

IELTS Academic Reading Practice 1
Questions 1-9
Choose TRUE if the statement agrees with the information, choose FALSE if the statement contradicts the information, or choose NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this.

  • 1. An understanding of Britain’s pre-glacial flora’s development has been deduced from studies of pollen and seed deposits in peat.
  • 2. Various species of wildwood types began growing in Britain in around the year 8500 BC.
  • 3. Beech and lime did not spread beyond southern Britain.
  • 4. The extinction of large herbivores in Europe adds to speculation that Vera’s theory might not be as applicable to Britain.
  • 5. The persistence of oak in Britain supports Francis Vera’s theory.
  • 6. The sharp decline in elm around 4000 BC is more likely to be the result of clearance than elm disease.
  • 7. The first evidence of clearance of land for agriculture appears at the end of the Bronze Age.
  • 8. The practice of coppicing is traceable back to the Neolithic period.
  • 9. The Black Death negatively impacted growth of forests of Europe.

The answer is FALSE. The statement says, "An understanding of Britain’s pre-glacial flora’s development has been deduced from studies of pollen and seed deposits in peat." However, the passage specifically states, "Information regarding the development of Britain’s flora following glaciation can be found by studying the deposits of pollen and seed in peat, as well as by the use of radiocarbon dating." (Paragraph 2) This means the studies pertain to post-glacial (after glaciation) development, not pre-glacial. Therefore, the statement contradicts the information given in the text.

Associated Text:
Information regarding the development of Britain’s flora following glaciation can be found by studying the deposits of pollen and seed in peat, as well as by the use of radiocarbon dating.

The answer is FALSE. The statement says various species of wildwood types began growing in Britain in around the year 8500 BC, but the passage says, "From the moment lime arrived, in about 7300, to about 4500 BC the climate remained stable for a length of time known as the Atlantic Period, a time in which numerous species grew to form a series of wildwood or wilderness types." (Paragraph 2) This means wildwood types began growing starting from about 7300, not 8500 BC. Therefore, the statement is incorrect based on the information in the passage.

Associated Text:
From the moment lime arrived, in about 7300, to about 4500 BC the climate remained stable for a length of time known as the Atlantic Period, a time in which numerous species grew to form a series of wildwood or wilderness types.

The answer is NOT GIVEN. The statement says beech and lime did not spread beyond southern Britain. While the passage mentions that various trees, including oak, alder, lime, elm, beech, and maple, "all spread northwards one after the other," it does not clarify specifically whether beech and lime spread beyond southern Britain. There is not enough explicit information in the text to confirm or deny the statement. (Paragraph 2)

Associated Text:
Oak and alder came after pine, then lime, elm, beech, and maple, all spreading northwards one after the other.

The answer is FALSE. The statement suggests that the extinction of large herbivores in Europe casts doubt on Vera’s theory’s applicability to Britain. However, the passage clearly states, "since the last glaciation, the bison, elk and other large herbivores which persisted on mainland Europe were extinct in Britain, so Vera’s theory may not apply so well to Britain." (Paragraph 3) This shows it is the extinction of large herbivores in Britain, not Europe, that causes speculation about Vera’s theory. Therefore, the statement contradicts the information given.

Associated Text:
since the last glaciation, the bison, elk and other large herbivores which persisted on mainland Europe were extinct in Britain, so Vera’s theory may not apply so well to Britain.

The answer is TRUE. The passage asserts, "the sustained growth of oak in Britain demonstrates that the wildwood was not as continual as once believed. Oak is a pioneer species, which requires vacant space to generate more of itself. Grazing animals are also present to keep areas open, so Oak regenerates in the thorny brush as a protective measure from their grazing." (Paragraph 4) This supports Vera's theory that wilderness was not dense, as oak needs open space, aligning with his idea of park-like, open areas maintained by animals.

Associated Text:
the sustained growth of oak in Britain demonstrates that the wildwood was not as continual as once believed. Oak is a pioneer species, which requires vacant space to generate more of itself. Grazing animals are also present to keep areas open, so Oak regenerates in the thorny brush as a protective measure from their grazing.

The answer is FALSE. The statement claims the sharp decline in elm around 4000 BC is more likely to be the result of clearance than elm disease. However, the passage clearly says, "the falling elm population around 4,000 BC all across Europe has been attributed not to the clearing of trees, but to what’s referred to as Elm disease." (Paragraph 5) This directly contradicts the statement.

Associated Text:
the falling elm population around 4,000 BC all across Europe has been attributed not to the clearing of trees, but to what’s referred to as Elm disease.

The answer is FALSE. The statement suggests that the first evidence of clearance of land for agriculture appears at the end of the Bronze Age. In fact, the passage states, "As the Mesolithic (10,000-3000 BC) era ended, evidence of the beginnings of agriculture emerges." (Paragraph 5) The Mesolithic period precedes both the Bronze and Iron Ages. Therefore, the statement is incorrect based on passage details.

Associated Text:
As the Mesolithic (10,000-3000 BC) era ended, evidence of the beginnings of agriculture emerges.

The answer is TRUE. The passage mentions, "Neolithic man had discovered this practice, known as coppicing." (Paragraph 6) This indicates that the practice of coppicing traces back to the Neolithic period.

Associated Text:
Neolithic man had discovered this practice, known as coppicing.

The answer is FALSE. The statement says the Black Death negatively impacted the growth of forests. However, the passage says, "This stopped suddenly with the plague of the Black Death of 1349 wiping out some of the human population. Woods which had persisted up to 1350 mostly prospered over the next 500 years." (Paragraph 8) Thus, the Black Death actually allowed woodlands to prosper due to reduced population pressure, contradicting the statement.

Associated Text:
This stopped suddenly with the plague of the Black Death of 1349 wiping out some of the human population. Woods which had persisted up to 1350 mostly prospered over the next 500 years.

Questions 19-23
Look at the following Items (Questions 19-23) and A list of periods of time below.

Match each item with the period of time it best corresponds with

NB You may use any letter more than once.

A list of periods of time
  1. The Palaeolithic era
  2. The Bronze age
  3. The Iron age
  4. The Medieval era
  5. The Mesolithic age
  6. Roman times

  • 19. Every type of wood in England belonged to some person or some community.
  • 20. People used woodworking to create elaborate boats, houses, and wheels.
  • 21. Animals kept expansive areas of land clear without human interference.
  • 22. Coppicing was first used for woodland management.
  • 23. Houses were made with short pieces of wood, and longer pieces were used for religious buildings.
  • A. The Palaeolithic era
  • B. The Bronze age
  • C. The Iron age
  • D. The Medieval era
  • E. The Mesolithic age
  • F. Roman times
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19. Every type of wood in England belonged to some person or some community.
20. People used woodworking to create elaborate boats, houses, and wheels.
21. Animals kept expansive areas of land clear without human interference.
22. Coppicing was first used for woodland management.
23. Houses were made with short pieces of wood, and longer pieces were used for religious buildings.

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The answer is F. The passage states, "As evidenced by The Domesday Book (1086), all the wood in England had an economic value and was the property of either an individual or community owner." (Paragraph 9) This event is linked directly with the time of the Domesday Book, which was created just after the Norman Conquest in Roman times. The matching list references Roman times as option (F), making this the correct answer.

Associated Text:
As evidenced by The Domesday Book (1086), all the wood in England had an economic value and was the property of either an individual or community owner.

The answer is C. The statement reads, "The Celtic peoples living in the Iron Age were able to master woodworking as an artform. Today, Celtic woodworking can be seen in houses, boats, wheels and other artifacts of the time." (Paragraph 10) This places the production of elaborate wooden boats, houses, and wheels in the Iron Age.

Associated Text:
The Celtic peoples living in the Iron Age were able to master woodworking as an artform. Today, Celtic woodworking can be seen in houses, boats, wheels and other artifacts of the time.

The answer is A. The passage in Paragraph 3 explains Vera’s theory about the Palaeolithic era: “creatures of the Palaeolithic era needed to roam large areas of grassland to survive.” This indicates that large animals kept open areas clear before humans started interfering, matching the Palaeolithic era (option A).

Associated Text:
creatures of the Palaeolithic era needed to roam large areas of grassland to survive.

The answer is B. The passage states, "Much of the remaining woods were maintained by way of this method during the Bronze Age." (Paragraph 7) Although discovered earlier, coppicing first saw widespread use for woodland management in the Bronze Age, making option B correct.

Associated Text:
Much of the remaining woods were maintained by way of this method during the Bronze Age.

The answer is D. According to the passage in Paragraph 11, "The average wood-framed houses of the Medieval era mostly used oaks shorter than 18” in diameter. Longer pieces of timber were hard to come by, and kept only for elaborate buildings intended for the Church." This places the practice in the Medieval era (option D).

Associated Text:
The average wood-framed houses of the Medieval era mostly used oaks shorter than 18” in diameter. Longer pieces of timber were hard to come by, and kept only for elaborate buildings intended for the Church.


  • spellcheck Answers
    1. FALSE
    2. FALSE
    3. NOT GIVEN
    4. FALSE
    5. TRUE
    6. FALSE
    7. FALSE
    8. TRUE
    9. FALSE
    10. F
    11. C
    12. A
    13. B
    14. D
Reading Passage

The climate in Britain has been arctic for the last several million years, punctuated by relatively warm timespans, or interglacials of thousands of years, one of which we are in as of now. Since the last glaciation, British woodland history is considered quite short in terms of geological time spans, and is also closely related to the human civilization developing.

At the peak of the last glaciation (100,000 – 12,000 BC), the majority of Britain would have had no trees. Birch and willow scrub may have grown along the lower reaches of the ice, with pine in some areas. It’s possible that remnants of pre-glacial flora were sheltered along the western bays of Great Britain and Ireland’s coasts, but as far as the southern parts of England, the ice kept any land barren. Information regarding the development of Britain’s flora following glaciation can be found by studying the deposits of pollen and seed in peat, as well as by the use of radiocarbon dating. Tundra and moorland followed the retreating ice, which lead to phases of different tree species spreading from the south. First came birch, aspen and sallow, followed by pine and hazel continuing to spread north as of 8500 BC, replacing birch to make it less commonly found for the next few thousand years. Oak and alder came after pine, then lime, elm, beech, and maple, all spreading northwards one after the other.  From the moment lime arrived, in about 7300, to about 4500 BC the climate remained stable for a length of time known as the Atlantic Period, a time in which numerous species grew to form a series of wildwood or wilderness types.

What did the wilderness or wildwood look like, before man started interfering with it? One theory holds that Britain and Western Europe in Palaeolithic times was covered from coast to coast in a wildwood of continuous trees. However, a modern theory proposed by Francis Vera holds that Western Europe wilderness was a combination of grassland, scrub, and clusters or groves of trees. It was not a dense, impassable wildwood, but instead, an area similar to a park, kept up by wild herbivores eating the plants and grass. Throughout earlier interglacial periods, this may also have been the case in Britain, as creatures of the Palaeolithic era needed to roam large areas of grassland to survive. A variety of grassland plants continued to live there in the last interglacial, as according to pollen records. However,  since the last glaciation, the bison, elk and other large herbivores which persisted on mainland Europe were extinct in Britain, so Vera’s theory may not apply so well to Britain.

Meanwhile, throughout the period since it’s spread northwards after the last glaciation, the sustained growth of oak in Britain demonstrates that the wildwood was not as continual as once believed. Oak is a pioneer species, which requires vacant space to generate more of itself. Grazing animals are also present to keep areas open, so Oak regenerates in the thorny brush as a protective measure from their grazing. Archaeological evidence indicates that red deer, who graze on grass as well as browse from trees, were essential to the economy in Mesolithic Britain, with people utilizing them for meat, skins, antlers and bones.

As the Mesolithic (10,000-3000 BC) era ended, evidence of the beginnings of agriculture emerges. Agricultural weeds, such as plantain and stinging nettle, were also increasing in number. Nearly all the wildwood was cut down as the population increased rapidly. However, the falling elm population around 4,000 BC all across Europe has been attributed not to the clearing of trees, but to what’s referred to as Elm disease.

Throughout the Bronze Age (2400-750 BC), people were cutting down trees more than ever before, until the prevalence of the practice “coppicing” peaked, likely at some point during the early Iron Age.  Oliver Rackham (1990) theorizes that nearly 50% of land throughout England was no longer wildwood by 500 BC. The regrowth from a stump grows more readily than the original tree, and Neolithic man had discovered this practice, known as coppicing. Much of the remaining woods were maintained by way of this method during the Bronze Age.

The Celtic peoples living in the Iron Age were able to master woodworking as an artform. Today, Celtic woodworking can be seen in houses, boats, wheels and other artifacts of the time. Coppicing as a means to manage woodland was of massive importance throughout two millennia that followed. Buildings, roads, fences, carts, and the fuel for heating, cooking, metalworking and pottery were all made possible due to wood materials gained from the vital practice of coppicing.

A clear divide has existed between wooded and non-wooded regions of Britain since the time of the Romans. As evidenced by The Domesday Book (1086), all the wood in England had an economic value and was the property of either an individual or community owner. Woods were the territories, or ‘exclaves’ of communities who lived some miles away. Even though it had to be transported over long distances, the materials which woodlands produced were of obvious value, and their ownership was long before established. Merely around 15% of land in England was represented by woodland or wood- pasture in the year 1086.

English woodlands produced mostly underwood used as fuel along with other things, with small oaks being used to construct buildings. The average wood-framed houses of the Medieval era mostly used oaks shorter than 18” in diameter. Longer pieces of timber were hard to come by, and kept only for elaborate buildings intended for the Church. Imported boards of thin oak or wainscot from Central Europe were brought in for the purpose of domestic building. Woodland cover was as low as 15% in 1086, and continued to decline from as a result of an ever- growing population to 10% by 1350. This stopped suddenly with the plague of the Black Death of 1349 wiping out some of the human population. Woods which had persisted up to 1350 mostly prospered over the next 500 years.

(From the moment lime arrived, in about 7300, to about 4500 BC the climate remained stable for a length of time known as the Atlantic Period, a time in which numerous species grew to form a series of wildwood or wilderness types) => So we tell that various species of wildwood types began growing in around 7300 to 4500 BC, therefore, the answer is FALSE.
The key phrase here is "beyond southern Britain". The trees spread northward, so it's possible they spread beyond southern Britain, but northward doesn't provide enough information to say with certainty that it did grow past southern Britain. Therefore, the answer is NOT GIVEN.
FALSE

The statement "An understanding of Britain’s pre-glacial flora’s development has been deduced from studies of pollen and seed deposits in peat" is FALSE. The text provides information about the development of Britain's flora following the last glaciation, not pre-glacial flora. It states, "Information regarding the development of Britain’s flora following glaciation can be found by studying the deposits of pollen and seed in peat, as well as by the use of radiocarbon dating." This indicates that the studies of pollen and seed deposits in peat are used to understand the post-glacial development of Britain's flora, not the pre-glacial period.

The other options are incorrect for the following reasons:

TRUE is incorrect because the text does not mention studies of pollen and seed deposits in peat being used to deduce the development of pre-glacial flora. It specifically refers to the period following the last glaciation.

NOT GIVEN is incorrect because the text does provide information about the period being studied with pollen and seed deposits in peat, which is the post-glacial period, not the pre-glacial period. Therefore, the statement is directly contradicted by the information given, making FALSE the correct answer.
Statement: The extinction of large herbivores in Europe adds to speculation that Vera’s theory might not be as applicable to Britain.

Answer: FALSE

Explanation:

The passage states:
"However, since the last glaciation, the bison, elk and other large herbivores which persisted on mainland Europe were extinct in Britain, so Vera’s theory may not apply so well to Britain."

This clearly indicates that the extinction of large herbivores in Britain, not Europe, adds to speculation that Vera’s theory might not be as applicable. The statement given incorrectly states "Europe" instead of "Britain." Therefore, the statement contradicts the information in the passage.

Why the other answers are incorrect:

- TRUE: This answer would be incorrect because the passage specifically mentions that the extinction of large herbivores in Britain, not Europe, is what adds to the speculation about Vera’s theory’s applicability.

- NOT GIVEN: This answer is incorrect because the passage directly addresses the impact of the extinction of large herbivores on Vera's theory's applicability to Britain. Therefore, there is clear information provided on this matter.

In summary, the correct answer is FALSE because the extinction of large herbivores in Britain, not Europe, leads to doubts about Vera's theory's relevance to Britain.
The correct answer is B. The Bronze Age.

The passage states:

“Throughout the Bronze Age (2400–750 BC), people were cutting down trees more than ever before, until the prevalence of the practice ‘coppicing’ peaked, likely at some point during the early Iron Age.”
“Neolithic man had discovered this practice, known as coppicing. Much of the remaining woods were maintained by way of this method during the Bronze Age.”

This shows that although coppicing was discovered earlier (in the Neolithic), its first use for woodland management took place during the Bronze Age, when it was widely practiced to maintain woods.

Thus, the correct choice is B. The Bronze Age.

IELTS Academic Reading Practice 3
Questions 1-8
Look at the following Descriptions (Questions 1-8) and List of psychologists below.

Match each description with the correct psychologist

NB You may use any letter more than once.

List of psychologists
  1. Clark Hull
  2. Howard and Tracy Kendler
  3. Michael Cole and colleagues
  4. Simon Hewson

  • 1. is cited as having demonstrated that earlier experiments into children's ability to reason deductively may have led to the wrong conclusions.
  • 2. experimented with things that the subjects might have been expected to encounter in everyday life, rather than with a machine.
  • 3. appears to have proved that a change in the apparatus dramatically improves the performance of children of certain ages.
  • 4. is cited as famous in the field of psychology.
  • 5. demonstrated that the two-stage experiment involving button-pressing and inserting a marble into a hole poses problems for certain adults as well as children.
  • 6. trained children separately in the two stages of their experiments with the use of marbles.
  • 7. devised an experiment that investigated deductive reasoning without the use of any marbles.
  • 8. used a machine to measure inductive reasoning that replaced button-pressing with drawer-opening.
  • A. Clark Hull
  • B. Howard and Tracy Kendler
  • C. Michael Cole and colleagues
  • D. Simon Hewson
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1. is cited as having demonstrated that earlier experiments into children's ability to reason deductively may have led to the wrong conclusions.
2. experimented with things that the subjects might have been expected to encounter in everyday life, rather than with a machine.
3. appears to have proved that a change in the apparatus dramatically improves the performance of children of certain ages.
4. is cited as famous in the field of psychology.
5. demonstrated that the two-stage experiment involving button-pressing and inserting a marble into a hole poses problems for certain adults as well as children.
6. trained children separately in the two stages of their experiments with the use of marbles.
7. devised an experiment that investigated deductive reasoning without the use of any marbles.
8. used a machine to measure inductive reasoning that replaced button-pressing with drawer-opening.

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The answer is D. Simon Hewson is cited as having demonstrated that earlier experiments into children's ability to reason deductively may have led to the wrong conclusions. In the final paragraph, the passage says, "Hewson's experiments showed that children faced with the Kendler apparatus experienced difficulty not related to reasoning, but to the nature of the tasks themselves, and that difficulty cannot be taken as proof that they are incapable of deductive reasoning." This demonstrates that Hewson showed previous experiments may have falsely concluded that children could not reason deductively due to flaws in the task, not in their reasoning abilities.

Associated Text:
Hewson's experiments showed that children faced with the Kendler apparatus experienced difficulty not related to reasoning, but to the nature of the tasks themselves, and that difficulty cannot be taken as proof that they are incapable of deductive reasoning.

The answer is C. Michael Cole and colleagues experimented with things the subjects might have been expected to encounter in everyday life, rather than with a machine. This is found in the paragraph describing Cole’s test: "Cole substituted a locked box for the machine with the buttons, and then used two matchboxes of different colors. ... Instead of subjects being presented with a strange machine, they are given familiar objects in a simpler context." This shows that Cole used familiar, everyday objects in his experiment.

Associated Text:
Instead of subjects being presented with a strange machine, they are given familiar objects in a simpler context.

The answer is D. Simon Hewson appears to have proved that a change in the apparatus dramatically improves the performance of children of certain ages. The last paragraph says, "Hewson's two modifications to the experiment led to a rise in success rates from 30 percent to 90 percent for five-year old children and from 35 percent to 72.5 per cent for four-year-olds." This demonstrates that changes made by Hewson dramatically improved performance for certain ages.

Associated Text:
Hewson's two modifications to the experiment led to a rise in success rates from 30 percent to 90 percent for five-year old children and from 35 percent to 72.5 per cent for four-year-olds.

The answer is A. Clark Hull is cited as famous in the field of psychology. In the first paragraph, it states: “Clark Hull, an acclaimed American psychologist, theorized that it was, describing that reasoning is achieved by the way two ‘behavior segments’ are combined in new ways to achieve goals.” The keyword 'acclaimed' indicates fame.

Associated Text:
Clark Hull, an acclaimed American psychologist

The answer is C. Michael Cole and his colleagues demonstrated that the two-stage experiment involving button-pressing and inserting a marble into a hole poses problems for certain adults as well as children. The third paragraph states, "According to the work of psychologist and professor Michael Cole and his associates, some adults from specific African tribes are also unable to successfully complete the Kendlers' two-step test of deductive reasoning." This proves both some adults and children had problems with the experiment.

Associated Text:
According to the work of psychologist and professor Michael Cole and his associates, some adults from specific African tribes are also unable to successfully complete the Kendlers' two-step test of deductive reasoning.

The answer is B. Howard and Tracy Kendler trained children separately in the two stages of their experiments with the use of marbles. The first paragraph describes the Kendler process: "The children learned each of the two steps individually, with the first being to correctly choose and press one of two buttons, and the second to place a marble into a small opening." This shows the children were trained in each stage with marbles involved in the second stage.

Associated Text:
The children learned each of the two steps individually, with the first being to correctly choose and press one of two buttons, and the second to place a marble into a small opening.

The answer is C. Michael Cole and colleagues devised an experiment that investigated deductive reasoning without the use of any marbles. The relevant paragraph says, "In this test, Cole substituted a locked box for the machine with the buttons, and then used two matchboxes of different colors. One of the matchboxes held a key for the locked box." There is no mention of marbles in Cole’s test.

Associated Text:
Cole substituted a locked box for the machine with the buttons, and then used two matchboxes of different colors. One of the matchboxes held a key for the locked box.

The answer is D. Simon Hewson used a machine to measure inductive reasoning that replaced button-pressing with drawer-opening. The sixth paragraph states, "Hewson made two essential changes to the test in order to build on this idea. First, he replaced the button-pressing mechanism with drawers that a child could slide open and shut." This directly indicates Hewson made this specific modification.

Associated Text:
First, he replaced the button-pressing mechanism with drawers that a child could slide open and shut.

Questions 17-20
Choose TRUE if the statement agrees with the information, choose FALSE if the statement contradicts the information, or choose NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this.

  • 17. Howard and Tracy Kendler devised a two-stage experiment involving button-pressing.
  • 18. Michael Cole and his colleagues demonstrated that children performance on deductive reasoning tasks depends on features of the apparatus and procedure.
  • 19. All Hewson's experiments used marbles of the same size.
  • 20. Hewson's modifications resulted in a higher success rate for children of all ages.

The answer is TRUE. Howard and Tracy Kendler did indeed devise a two-stage experiment involving button-pressing, as described in the first paragraph: "In this test, children needed to learn how to use a machine in a two-step process. The children learned each of the two steps individually, with the first being to correctly choose and press one of two buttons, and the second to place a marble into a small opening." This confirms that their experiment involved button-pressing as the first stage.

Associated Text:
In this test, children needed to learn how to use a machine in a two-step process. The children learned each of the two steps individually, with the first being to correctly choose and press one of two buttons, and the second to place a marble into a small opening.

The answer is FALSE. Michael Cole and his colleagues did not demonstrate that children's performance on deductive reasoning tasks depends on features of the apparatus and procedure. This finding is actually attributed to Simon Hewson. The passage states, "Hewson made two essential changes to the test in order to build on this idea.... Hewson's two modifications to the experiment led to a rise in success rates... Hewson's experiments showed that children faced with the Kendler apparatus experienced difficulty not related to reasoning, but to the nature of the tasks themselves."

Associated Text:
Hewson made two essential changes to the test in order to build on this idea. First, he replaced the button-pressing mechanism with drawers that a child could slide open and shut. ... Hewson's two modifications to the experiment led to a rise in success rates... Hewson's experiments showed that children faced with the Kendler apparatus experienced difficulty not related to reasoning, but to the nature of the tasks themselves, and that difficulty cannot be taken as proof that they are incapable of deductive reasoning.

The answer is TRUE. The passage implies that all of Hewson's experiments used marbles of the same size. In the sixth paragraph, the passage says that Hewson demonstrated the functional equivalence of different marbles (but all marbles were identical in size): "It would then be safe to say that the child will not assume that different marbles of identical size could be used the same way... Hewson clearly demonstrated the functional equivalence of different marbles to the children by playing a 'swapping game.'"

Associated Text:
It would then be safe to say that the child will not assume that different marbles of identical size could be used the same way. But, to solve the problem, this assumption must be made. Hewson clearly demonstrated the functional equivalence of different marbles to the children by playing a 'swapping game.'

The answer is FALSE. Hewson's modifications did not result in a higher success rate for children of all ages. The passage clearly says: "Strangely enough for three-year olds, Hewson’s changes did not lead to any improvement, and instead there was a slight drop in performance from the change." This specific information shows that the modifications failed to improve and even slightly decreased performance for three-year-olds.

Associated Text:
Strangely enough for three-year olds, Hewson’s changes did not lead to any improvement, and instead there was a slight drop in performance from the change.


  • spellcheck Answers
    1. D
    2. C
    3. D
    4. A
    5. C
    6. B
    7. C
    8. D
    9. TRUE
    10. FALSE
    11. TRUE
    12. FALSE
Reading Passage

Could it be that the very essence of reasoning itself is found in the way we behave? Clark Hull, an acclaimed American psychologist, theorized that it was, describing that reasoning is achieved by the way two “behavior segments” are combined in new ways to achieve goals. Howard and Tracey Kendler, who were two of Hull’s followers, used Hull’s principle ideas to design a reasoning test for children. In this test, children needed to learn how to use a machine in a two-step process. The children learned each of the two steps individually, with the first being to correctly choose and press one of two buttons, and the second to place a marble into a small opening. If both steps were completed successfully, a toy would be released as rewards to the children.

From this test, the Kendlers learned that although the children were able to learn each step, they were not able to “integrate” the two tasks without intervention. In other words, the children could not successfully perform the first step, pushing the button, and then proceed to the second step, inserting the marble into the hole, by themselves. This failure to  independently integrate the steps led the Kendlers to believe that children of this age were not able to use deductive reasoning.

According the the work of psychologist and professor Michael Cole and his associates, some adults from specific African tribes are also unable to successfully complete the Kendlers' two-step test of deductive reasoning. However, this finding remains questionable in light of the findings of a similar test to the Kenders’, which revealed that the African tribes people were, in fact, able to complete the test.

In this test, Cole substituted a locked box for the machine with the buttons, and then used two matchboxes of different colors. One of the matchboxes held a key for the locked box. Just like with the Kendlers’ test, Cole’s test also involved two behavior segments, these being to first open the right match-box to get the key, and second to use the key to open the box. However, Cole’s test differs quite a bit psychologically. Instead of subjects being presented with a strange machine, they are given familiar objects in a simpler context. Cole found the difficulty of 'integration' was greatly reduced here.

It seems that the same truth which Cole discovered can be extended to explain the deductive reasoning skills of young children. Psychologist Simon Hewson believes that perhaps the task’s difficulty is not in inferential processes themselves, but is instead tied to confusing features of the test apparatus, such as the button machine, as well as the context of the procedure being tested. When these factors are adjusted in order to prevent the inferential nature of the problem being affected, five-year-old children are able to successfully complete these tests as well as college students did in the Kendlers' test.

Hewson made two essential changes to the test in order to build on this idea. First, he replaced the button-pressing mechanism with drawers that a child could slide open and shut. This removed confusion on what to do with the original button apparatus from the first stage of training. Secondly, Hewson made sure that children understood that there was nothing special or magical about the marble which was used to successfully complete the second step of the task and get the reward.

This is important because a child cannot easily comprehend a mechanism in which a marble put into a hole can open a little door. It would then be safe to say that the child will not assume that different marbles of identical size could be used the same way. But, to solve the problem, this assumption must be made. Hewson clearly demonstrated the functional equivalence of different marbles to the children by playing a 'swapping game.” Hewson's two modifications to the experiment led to a rise in success rates from 30 percent to 90 percent for five-year old children and from 35 percent to 72.5 per cent for four-year-olds. Strangely enough for three-year olds, Hewson’s changes did not lead to any improvement, and instead there was a slight drop in performance from the change. Hewson's experiments showed that children faced with the Kendler apparatus experienced difficulty not related to reasoning, but to the nature of the tasks themselves, and that difficulty cannot be taken as proof that they are incapable of deductive reasoning.

Statement Analysis:
Statement: "Michael Cole and his colleagues demonstrated that children's performance on deductive reasoning tasks depends on features of the apparatus and procedure."

Answer: FALSE

Explanation:
The passage attributes this finding specifically to *Simon Hewson* rather than Michael Cole. According to the passage, Hewson modified the Kendler apparatus to demonstrate that children can complete deductive reasoning tasks when confusing features of the apparatus and procedure are removed.

In contrast, Michael Cole’s work focused on adults from specific African tribes using a different test apparatus. Cole’s experiment involved a locked box, colored matchboxes, and a key. He found that adults from specific African tribes could successfully complete the two-step reasoning task using familiar objects.

Hewson's modifications involved replacing the button mechanism with drawers and clearly demonstrating that different marbles could achieve the same outcome. These modifications led to a significant increase in children’s success rates, revealing that features of the apparatus and procedure were influencing their performance.

Alternative Answers Explanation:

TRUE: This answer is incorrect because the statement is falsely attributed to Michael Cole rather than Simon Hewson. Cole's experiments were conducted with adults from African tribes using different apparatuses.

NOT GIVEN: This answer is incorrect because the statement about features of the apparatus affecting performance is explicitly covered in the passage.

Key Passage Extract:
"Hewson made two essential changes to the test in order to build on this idea. First, he replaced the button-pressing mechanism with drawers that a child could slide open and shut. [...] Hewson's two modifications to the experiment led to a rise in success rates [...] Hewson's experiments showed that children faced with the Kendler apparatus experienced difficulty not related to reasoning, but to the nature of the tasks themselves."

IELTS General Reading

No exame general, os textos do IELTS Reading são retirados de livros, revistas, jornais, anúncios, avisos, manuais de empresa e orientações que poderias encontrar no dia a dia num ambiente de língua inglesa. Tal como no exame académico, existem 3 secções, contudo, no IELTS General Reading, cada secção difere ligeiramente das restantes.

Vídeo de introdução ao IELTS General Reading
  1. Secção 1: contém dois ou três textos curtos ou vários textos breves

    Esta secção chama-se Social Survival e contém textos relacionados com a sobrevivência linguística básica em inglês, com tarefas centradas sobretudo em obter e fornecer informação factual geral, por exemplo: avisos, anúncios e horários.
  2. Secção 2: inclui dois textos

    Esta secção chama-se Workplace Survival e foca-se em contextos profissionais, por exemplo, descrições de funções, contratos e materiais de desenvolvimento profissional e de formação.
  3. Secção 3: é um único texto longo

    Esta secção chama-se General Reading e envolve a leitura de prosa mais extensa, com uma estrutura mais complexa. O foco é em textos descritivos e instrutivos, em vez de argumentativos.

Esperamos que não te sintas demasiado sobrecarregado. O exame de Reading não é tão difícil quanto parece. Desde que sigas as nossas dicas de IELTS Reading e utilizes as nossas perguntas de prática gratuitas, estarás pronto para lidar com qualquer texto e atingir a tua band score pretendida. A propósito, o exame académico de Reading é pontuado de forma ligeiramente diferente do general reading. A seguir, iremos abordar as band scores de Reading e como são calculadas.

IELTS Academic Reading

No exame académico, os textos do IELTS Reading são retirados de livros, revistas científicas, revistas e jornais de fontes académicas adequadas a estudantes universitários. Cada texto é longo — entre 6 e 10 parágrafos —, pode estar escrito em vários estilos, como o narrativo ou o descritivo, e cobre uma vasta gama de temas académicos como antropologia, história, ciência, biologia, arte, educação, linguística, etc. Os textos incluirão, por vezes, termos técnicos ou mesmo material visual, como tabelas e gráficos. Podes praticar estes e outros temas com as nossas perguntas de prática do IELTS Reading.

Vídeo de introdução ao IELTS Academic Reading

Que temas académicos aparecem com maior frequência no exame oficial do IELTS Academic Reading?

Em 2022-2024 e 2024-2026, o tema de leitura académica mais frequente foi história. A seguir veio biologia, depois psicologia e ciências sociais, o que inclui cultura, educação, linguística e sociologia.

O gráfico abaixo mostra os diferentes temas avaliados nos exames académicos do IELTS Reading em 2022-2024 e 2024-2026.

Temas do IELTS Academic Reading em 2022-2024 e 2024-2026

Devido a estas tendências, certificámo-nos de que os nossos exames de prática do IELTS Reading abordam estes temas. Também acrescentámos leituras sobre temas menos frequentes, para garantir. É importante que te prepares para todas as situações, porque nunca se sabe que tema te poderá sair no exame.

Como é calculada a tua pontuação do IELTS Reading

Cada pergunta do IELTS Reading vale 1 ponto, pelo que podes obter uma pontuação «bruta» de até 40 pontos. Depois, a tua pontuação bruta é convertida na tua band score. As tabelas abaixo dão-te uma ideia geral de como as pontuações brutas são convertidas em band scores em cada exame.

Pontuação do IELTS General Reading vs. IELTS Academic Reading
Pontuação bruta: Academic Band score: Academic Pontuação bruta: General Band score: General
39-409409
37-388.5398.5
35-36837-388
33-347.5367.5
30-32734-357
27-296.532-336.5
23-26630-316
19-225.527-295.5
15-18523-265
13-144.519-224.5
10-12415-184
8-93.512-143.5
6-739-113
4-52.56-82.5
1-321-52

No entanto, tem em conta que cada versão do exame do IELTS Reading é ligeiramente diferente e a pontuação necessária para atingir uma determinada banda muda consoante o desempenho de todos os candidatos que fizeram o exame nesse dia. Por isso, o número de respostas corretas necessário para obter uma band score varia ligeiramente de exame para exame, mas, em geral, deverás procurar acertar cerca de 30 em 40 perguntas se quiseres uma band score de 7.

Outra coisa a relembrar: as perguntas mais difíceis e as mais fáceis contam da mesma forma para a tua pontuação final de Reading, portanto, certifica-te de que não estás a perder pontos fáceis por ficares preso em perguntas difíceis. A seguir, abordaremos algumas dicas e estratégias do IELTS Reading sobre como responder a cada tipo de pergunta.

Dicas para o IELTS Reading – Como responder aos 11 tipos de perguntas

Existem 11 tipos diferentes de perguntas no exame de Reading e todos exigem uma estratégia diferente.

Cada tipo tem um exemplo e a resposta no guia de tipos de pergunta IELTS Reading.

Como as tendências te ajudam a preparares-te para o IELTS Reading

Quais tipos de questões de leitura nossos alunos consideram mais difíceis

Os alunos do BestMyTest responderam a um milhão de questões de leitura da modalidade acadêmica e a 600.000 questões de leitura da modalidade de treinamento geral em nossos simulados. A porcentagem indica a frequência com que cada tipo de questão foi respondido corretamente.

Tipo de questãoAcadêmicoTreinamento geral
Associação de informações34%72%
Verdadeiro / Falso / Não informado39%60%
Múltipla escolha43%48%
Associação de características48%74%
Preenchimento de frases49%75%
Associação de títulos53%40%
Sim / Não / Não informado55%57%
Preenchimento de resumos59%46%
Resposta curta54%75%
  • Na leitura da modalidade acadêmica, os dois tipos com menor taxa de acerto são associação de informações e Verdadeiro/Falso/Não informado, ambos abaixo de 40%. Ambos exigem que você localize uma ideia parafraseada, em vez de uma palavra-chave idêntica.
  • Na modalidade de treinamento geral, o cenário se inverte: associação de títulos é o tipo com menor taxa de acerto, com 40%, enquanto os tipos que exigem localizar informações são respondidos corretamente três em cada quatro vezes, porque os textos são mais curtos e mais literais.
  • As questões sobre textos acadêmicos têm, em média, 46% de acerto, e as questões sobre textos de treinamento geral, 59%. Metade das tentativas de responder às questões de um texto acadêmico tem pontuação de 40% ou menos.
  • Em 43.711 simulados completos de leitura realizados por 38.534 alunos, a nota média foi 5.4. 36% alcançaram a nota 6.0 e 14% alcançaram a nota 7.0.
  • Você ainda precisa se preparar para todos os tipos, mas, se tiver pouco tempo, a tabela mostra onde ele rende mais.

Os números são provenientes de dados de simulados e revisões do BestMyTest até outubro de 2026. As porcentagens por tipo de questão são taxas de acerto considerando todas as tentativas; os valores por critério são notas atribuídas por tutores ou IA, conforme indicado. Última atualização em 5 de outubro de 2026.

A seguir, abordaremos as dicas e estratégias do IELTS Reading necessárias para uma pontuação elevada.

Dicas do IELTS Reading – Como melhorar a tua band score

A maioria dos candidatos não passa na secção de Reading pelas três razões seguintes:

  1. Velocidade de leitura lenta
  2. Vocabulário fraco
  3. Pouca ou nenhuma preparação
Como melhorar a tua velocidade de leitura

Comecemos pelo óbvio: para melhorar a tua velocidade de leitura, tens efetivamente de praticar a leitura e fazê-lo de forma consistente.

Agora vejamos uma estratégia menos óbvia que te ajudará a compreender o significado de grandes blocos de frases. Começa por dissecar a frase. Para isso, procura o sujeito e o verbo da frase. Encontrar o sujeito e o verbo ajudar-te-á a compreender o significado da frase. Uma razão pela qual os textos académicos podem ser difíceis de compreender é porque encadeiam várias ideias em frases compostas longas. Isto produz blocos longos de texto difíceis de absorver, por isso, usar o sujeito e o verbo como guia para entender o bloco inteiro é uma ferramenta excelente para usares no exame do IELTS Reading.

Como melhorar o teu vocabulário

Muita gente pensa que responder a perguntas de Reading é tão simples como percorrer o parágrafo à procura de palavras-chave e informação... infelizmente, não é assim tão simples. As perguntas de Reading estão geralmente parafraseadas, ou seja, as palavras foram alteradas para usar sinónimos das palavras do texto do IELTS. Isto é feito para aumentar a dificuldade; caso contrário, o exame seria demasiado fácil. Por isso, deves melhorar o teu vocabulário para conheceres os vários sinónimos de uma palavra.

Enquanto te preparas para o exame de Reading e te deparas com uma palavra que não conheces, ganha o hábito de a procurar de imediato ou, pelo menos, de a anotar para a procurares depois. É um pouco maçador, mas extremamente eficaz. O teu objetivo deve ser, entre outros, estudar 15 a 20 palavras académicas novas por dia.

Saber em que tipos de pergunta as respostas seguem ou não a ordem do texto

É importante saber que, em alguns tipos de pergunta, as respostas surgem normalmente (quase sempre) pela mesma ordem do texto. Noutros tipos, as respostas raramente seguem a ordem do texto. Preparámos uma tabela com os tipos que seguem a ordem e os que não seguem. Tem em conta o que se segue.

As respostas costumam seguir (quase sempre) a ordem do texto As respostas raramente seguem a ordem do texto
  • Completar resumos, notas, tabelas e diagramas de fluxo
  • Completar legendas de diagramas
  • Identificar informação (TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN)
  • Identificar afirmações do autor (YES/NO/NOT GIVEN)
  • Escolha múltipla
  • Correspondência de finais de frase
  • Resposta curta
  • Correspondência de títulos
  • Correspondência de informação
  • Correspondência de características

Encontrar a melhor estratégia de leitura para ti

O maior desafio que a maioria dos candidatos enfrenta no IELTS Reading é concluir todas as perguntas antes de o tempo terminar. Na próxima secção aprenderás três estratégias e cabe-te a ti descobrir qual a que melhor se adequa a ti. Fá-lo-ás com as nossas práticas de leitura gratuitas.

3 estratégias para o IELTS Reading

Estratégia 1: Ler o texto inteiro e depois responder às perguntas.

Na verdade, isto não é bem uma estratégia. É o que as pessoas fazem quando não se preparam adequadamente para o exame de Reading. Ainda assim, incluímo-la como estratégia porque, tecnicamente, se conseguires reter a informação do texto numa primeira leitura e responder às perguntas, não precisarás da estratégia 2.

Esta estratégia, se não tiveres uma memória acima da média, é ineficiente. Vais acabar por ficar sem tempo antes de conseguir responder a todas as perguntas. Muita gente comete este erro. Contudo, há algumas perguntas que não exigem muito esforço e beneficiam desta estratégia, como por exemplo perguntas de resposta «sim» ou «não», em que podes percorrer o texto rapidamente e encontrar a resposta de imediato. Mas não há perguntas suficientes deste tipo, por isso não é aconselhável usar esta estratégia, salvo se conseguires geri-la.

Estratégia 2: Ler primeiro as perguntas, ler com um objetivo, tirar notas e responder com critério

Esta é a nossa estratégia recomendada. Vai ajudar-te a obter uma band score mais alta no IELTS Reading. Pensa nisto como um mapa claro de como abordar o exame em geral:

Passo 1: Ler primeiro as perguntas

Um dos erros mais comuns que os candidatos cometem ao abordar o exame de Reading é lerem cada palavra dos textos do IELTS. Embora possas praticar para o exame lendo por prazer, «ler às cegas» (ler sem qualquer noção do que as perguntas irão pedir) não te trará vantagens no exame. Pelo contrário, prejudicará as tuas hipóteses de gerir eficazmente o tempo e obter a melhor pontuação.

A principal razão para ler primeiro as perguntas é que o tipo de pergunta pode determinar o que lês no texto ou como o lês. Por exemplo, alguns tipos de pergunta exigem a técnica «skimming», enquanto outros exigem «scanning».

É importante abordar um conjunto de perguntas do mesmo tipo. Tens de decidir qual o tipo de pergunta que vais resolver primeiro. Uma boa estratégia é começar pelo tipo mais fácil e passar para os tipos mais difíceis depois. Os tipos mais fáceis são aqueles em que dedicas menos tempo à leitura. Por exemplo, o tipo Correspondência de Títulos é mais fácil porque só precisas de encontrar o título que melhor descreve a ideia principal de um parágrafo. Um exemplo de tipo difícil é Identificação de Informação. Neste tipo, tens de ler cada parágrafo para determinar se cada afirmação é TRUE, FALSE ou NOT GIVEN, de acordo com o texto.

Aqui tens uma tabela com os níveis de dificuldade para cada tipo de pergunta. Usa esta tabela como referência para decidires qual abordar primeiro.

Nível de dificuldade Tipo de pergunta
Fácil Correspondência de títulos
Resposta curta
Médio Correspondência de finais de frase
Correspondência de características
Escolha múltipla
Completar frases
Completar legendas de diagramas, resumos, notas, tabelas e diagramas de fluxo
Difícil Correspondência de informação
Identificação de informação (TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN)
Identificação de afirmações do autor (YES/NO/NOT GIVEN)

Passo 2: Ler com um objetivo

Depois de leres as perguntas, conseguirás ler com um objetivo. O que é que isto significa? Por exemplo, se te deparas com uma pergunta que inclui o ano «1896», podes anotar onde esse ano aparece no texto e usá-lo depois para responder à pergunta.

Existem duas técnicas de leitura que te ajudarão a manter o foco quando leres com um objetivo. A primeira, skimming, é leres rapidamente para captar a ideia geral de um texto. Com esta técnica, não pares em palavras desconhecidas nem procures detalhes específicos. A segunda técnica, scanning, é leres em busca de informação específica. Com esta técnica, não estás a ler para a ideia geral, mas sim para informação concreta. Repara que cada uma destas técnicas tem um objetivo específico. Isto ajudar-te-á a encontrar a informação mais depressa.

Passo 3: Tirar notas

Enquanto lês com um objetivo, deves também tirar notas nas margens do texto, colocando estrelas junto à informação-chave ou sublinhando coisas que achas que te ajudarão a responder às várias perguntas. Isto facilitar-te-á a tarefa de voltar atrás quando te forem feitas certas perguntas. Escolhe o sistema de notas que melhor funciona para ti — apenas certifica-te de que o usas.

Passo 4: Responder com critério

Depois de leres as perguntas, leres o texto e tirares as notas adequadas, já deves ter localizado a parte do texto onde precisas de ler com atenção. Depois, basta ler com cuidado e pensar de forma crítica para determinar a resposta correta.

Estratégia 3: Skimming, tirar notas e tipos de pergunta.

Esta é outra estratégia usada por muitos candidatos ao IELTS. Ajudar-te-á a obter uma melhor band score em Reading. A estratégia tem 4 passos:

  1. Faz skimming a cada parágrafo para captar a ideia geral de cada um. A ideia principal de um parágrafo encontra-se normalmente nas primeiras frases, por isso concentra-te um pouco mais nelas. As frases seguintes podem ser lidas rapidamente, sublinhando nomes, palavras ou expressões que se destaquem.
  2. Depois de fazeres skimming a cada parágrafo, escreve notas curtas (2 a 5 palavras) ao lado de cada parágrafo, com a tua melhor estimativa para a ideia principal desse parágrafo.
  3. A seguir, responde a um conjunto de perguntas do mesmo tipo.
  4. Por último, responde de forma eficiente e correta a um conjunto de perguntas.

É importante não dedicares mais do que 3 a 5 minutos aos passos 1 e 2. Passar demasiado tempo neles desperdiça muito tempo e acabarás por ficar sem ele.

Passos 1 e 2

O objetivo é montar um método eficiente para encontrar respostas no texto. Ao anotares a ideia geral de cada parágrafo, saberás qual o parágrafo que contém a resposta a cada pergunta. Isto poupa-te muito tempo, porque, se não tivesses anotado, provavelmente terias de fazer skimming a cada parágrafo para captar a ideia geral e depois scanning cuidadoso para encontrar a resposta. Ao anotares a ideia principal de cada parágrafo, saltas o primeiro passo de skimming e começas logo a fazer scanning à procura da resposta.

Passo 3

Depois de teres feito skimming ao texto e de teres tomado notas, estás pronto para o passo 3. Neste passo, tens de decidir qual o tipo de pergunta que vais resolver primeiro. Uma boa estratégia é começar pelo tipo mais fácil e passar aos tipos mais difíceis depois. Os tipos mais fáceis são aqueles em que se dedica menos tempo à leitura. Por exemplo, o tipo Correspondência de Títulos é mais fácil porque só precisas de encontrar o título que melhor descreve a ideia principal de um parágrafo, pelo que tecnicamente apenas necessitas dos passos 1 e 2 para responder a este tipo. Um exemplo de tipo difícil é Identificação de Informação. Neste tipo, tens de ler cada parágrafo para determinar se cada afirmação é TRUE, FALSE ou NOT GIVEN, de acordo com o texto.

Aqui tens uma tabela com os níveis de dificuldade para cada tipo de pergunta. Usa-a como referência para decidires qual abordar primeiro.

Nível de dificuldade Tipo de pergunta
Fácil Correspondência de títulos
Resposta curta
Médio Correspondência de finais de frase
Correspondência de características
Escolha múltipla
Completar frases
Completar legendas de diagramas, resumos, notas, tabelas e diagramas de fluxo
Difícil Correspondência de informação
Identificação de informação (TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN)
Identificação de afirmações do autor (YES/NO/NOT GIVEN)

Passo 4

Agora que já sabes qual o conjunto de perguntas que vais resolver primeiro, chegou a altura de as responderes :( Não te preocupes! Embora cada tipo de pergunta seja diferente, a estratégia para as responder corretamente aplica-se a todas. O princípio básico é simples — basta seguires os passos abaixo:

  1. Lê a pergunta com atenção e identifica as palavras-chave importantes.
  2. Encontra o parágrafo que contém a informação necessária para responder à pergunta. (Se já tens as ideias gerais de cada parágrafo anotadas, podes descobri-lo facilmente.)
  3. Faz scanning ao parágrafo à procura das palavras-chave importantes (é muito provável que sejam sinónimos!) até localizares a parte do texto onde tens de ler com atenção.
  4. Por fim, lê com atenção e pensa de forma crítica para determinares a resposta correta.

Descargas gratuitas de amostras do IELTS Reading em PDF com respostas

Abaixo tens algumas amostras gratuitas de leitura do British Council (os criadores do exame IELTS). Tenta responder às perguntas e vê como te sais!