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This listening practice simulates the fourth section of the IELTS Listening test. Listen to the audio and answer questions 33-40.
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Questions 33-36
Complete the table below.

Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS  for each answer.

 

Chewing Gum: Key events
Who Why they chewed gum
(33) - for enjoyment and relieving toothaches.
Ancient Mayans - to satisfy (34) or combat hunger
Aztecs

Married women and widows - to use it in private as a (35) freshener

Men - to clean their teeth, but only in secret. 
North American Indians

(Note: European (36)  adopted this indigenous custom of chewing on spruce tree resin)

- to improve oral hygiene

The answer is Northern Europeans. The passage states, "There's evidence that some northern Europeans were chewing tar from the birch tree as many as 9,000 years ago, possibly for enjoyment as well as medicinal purposes such as relieving toothaches." This shows that Northern Europeans were the ones chewing gum for enjoyment and to relieve toothaches, directly addressing the question.

Associated Text:
There's evidence that some northern Europeans were chewing tar from the birch tree as many as 9,000 years ago, possibly for enjoyment as well as medicinal purposes such as relieving toothaches.

The answer is thirst. The script states, "The Mayans used this gum as a way to quench thirst or fight hunger," indicating that another reason for chewing gum among the ancient Mayans was to satisfy thirst, in addition to combating hunger.

Associated Text:
The Mayans used this gum as a way to quench thirst or fight hunger

The answer is breath. The lecturer says, "Married women and widows could chew it privately to freshen their breath, while men could chew it in secret to clean their teeth." This indicates that married women and widows chewed gum as a breath freshener.

Associated Text:
Married women and widows could chew it privately to freshen their breath, while men could chew it in secret to clean their teeth

The answer is settlers. The passage mentions, "In North America, the Indians chewed spruce tree resin, a practice that continued with the European settlers who followed." This shows the custom was adopted by settlers.

Associated Text:
In North America, the Indians chewed spruce tree resin, a practice that continued with the European settlers who followed.

Questions 37-40
Complete the sentences below.

Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.

John Curtis developed the first commercial spruce tree gum in the late 1840s.

The recipe was later changed to make the chewing gum (37).

By the mid-1900s, (38) ingredients were being used instead of chicle.

William Wrigley Junior offered store owners (39) to stock his products.

In 1906, Frank Fleer's first attempt to make bubble gum failed. Years later, the first (40) bubble gum was introduced.

The answer is softer. The lecture notes, "Curtis and others in the chewing gum business subsequently switched to ingredients such as paraffin wax, which was softer when chewed." This makes it clear that the recipe change was to make the gum softer.

Associated Text:
Curtis and others in the chewing gum business subsequently switched to ingredients such as paraffin wax, which was softer when chewed.

The answer is synthetic. The script states, "Chicle was imported to the United States from Mexico and Central America and was the main ingredient in chewing gum until manufacturers replaced it with synthetic ingredients by the mid-1900s." Thus, synthetic is correct.

Associated Text:
Chicle was imported to the United States from Mexico and Central America and was the main ingredient in chewing gum until manufacturers replaced it with synthetic ingredients by the mid-1900s.

The answer is incentives. The lecture says, "he began offering store owners incentives to stock his products, such as free cans of baking powder with every order." Therefore, incentives is the accurate answer here.

Associated Text:
he began offering store owners incentives to stock his products, such as free cans of baking powder with every order.

The answer is commercial. According to the script, "Later, a successful formula for the first commercial bubble gum was found and named 'Dubble Bubble'." This indicates that the kind of bubble gum introduced was commercial.

Associated Text:
Later, a successful formula for the first commercial bubble gum was found and named 'Dubble Bubble'.

Note: After the instruction audio, you will have 20 seconds to look at questions before listening to the talk.
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Answer Sheet
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Rezumat al scorurilor
0 / 1
Multiple Choice
Summary Completion
Multiple Selection
Short Answer
Matching
Sentence Completion
Diagram Labelling
Note Completion
Form Completion
Table Completion
Flow Chart Completion
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