必考雅思单字 - 生態學

Car emissions pollute the air.

汽車尾氣污染空氣。

Hazardous waste from landfills polluted the soils in this forest.

垃圾填埋場產生的危險廢物污染了這片森林的土壤。

Our beach was polluted by an oil spill.

我們的海灘被漏油污染了。

Emissions from cars cause air pollution. .

汽車的排放物會造成空氣污染。 .

Hazardous waste from landfills caused the pollution of soils.

垃圾填埋場產生的危險廢物造成土壤污染。

The pollution of our beach was caused by an oil spill.

我們海灘的污染是由漏油造成的。

Car emissions pollute the air.

汽車尾氣污染空氣。

Hazardous waste from landfills polluted the soils in this forest.

垃圾填埋場產生的危險廢物污染了這片森林的土壤。

Our beach was polluted by an oil spill.

我們的海灘被漏油污染了。

Emissions from cars cause air pollution. .

汽車的排放物會造成空氣污染。 .

Hazardous waste from landfills caused the pollution of soils.

垃圾填埋場產生的危險廢物造成土壤污染。

The pollution of our beach was caused by an oil spill.

我們海灘的污染是由漏油造成的。

Both national and community studies have shown that physical activity decreases after early adulthood and continues to decline after age 50. Housing prices in general continued to decline in April, with a drop of 7.1 per cent.

國家和社區研究都表明，成年早期身體活動減少，50 歲以後繼續減少。4 月份房價總體繼續下降，下降了 7.1%。

The finding could help determine the background levels of various water pollutants

這一發現可能有助於確定各種水污染物的背景水平

The presence and balance of plant hormones have been shown to affect abscission of leaves, flowers, and immature and mature fruit.

植物激素的存在和平衡已被證明會影響葉子、花以及未成熟和成熟果實的脫落。

Ethylene is involved in many biological processes, like fruit ripening, flower and leaf abscission, senescence, many stress acclimations, and growth.

乙烯參與許多生物過程，如果實成熟、花葉脫落、衰老、許多脅迫適應和生長。

Concerning air quality, we continue to maintain a national network to gauge airborne pollution.

關於空氣質量，我們繼續維持一個全國性的網絡來衡量空氣污染。

The American chestnut did not really disappear from the eastern forests-it ceased to be a part of the forest canopy and is now a part of the shrub understory.

美國板栗並沒有真正從東部森林中消失——它不再是森林樹冠的一部分，現在是灌木林下的一部分。

Conservation 是名詞，意思是「保護、保存、節約」，這個詞常用於描述自然資源、文化遺產或能源的保護與管理。

Wildlife conservation is crucial to maintaining biodiversity.

野生動物保護對於維持生物多樣性至關重要。

The museum is dedicated to the conservation of ancient artifacts.

這家博物館致力於古代文物的保存。

Energy conservation measures can significantly reduce your utility bills.

能源節約措施可以顯著減少您的公用事業費用。 

The plan is signed by eminent ecologists and conservationists from around the world.

該計劃由來自世界各地的著名生態學家和環保主義者簽署。

Conserve 是動詞，意思是「保存，保護」。

We need to conserve water during the drought.

我們需要在乾旱期間節約用水。

The museum is working hard to conserve ancient artifacts.

博物館正努力保存古代文物。

It's important to conserve energy by turning off lights when they are not needed.

當不需要時關燈以節能是很重要的。 

Groundwater pollution generally results from contaminants leaching through soils to underlying aquifers.

地下水污染通常是由污染物通過土壤浸出到下伏含水層造成的。

Be careful not to allow bacteria to contaminate the wound.

小心不要讓細菌污染傷口。

Don't touch the microchip or the oil on your hands will contaminate it.

不要觸摸微芯片，否則手上的油會污染它。

Nuclear weapons plants across the country are heavily contaminated with toxic wastes.

全國各地的核武器工廠都受到有毒廢物的嚴重污染。

Contamination 是名詞，意思是「污染」或「污染物」。這個詞經常用於描述環境、食物、水源等被有害物質污染的狀況。

The contamination of the river was caused by industrial waste.

這條河流的污染是由工業廢物造成的。

To avoid contamination, the laboratory tools must be sterilized properly.

為了避免污染，實驗室工具必須妥善消毒。

The food contamination led to a series of health issues among the residents.

食物污染導致居民出現一系列健康問題。 

It takes several weeks or longer, depending upon the size, for the body to completely decompose.

屍體完全分解需要幾週或更長時間，具體取決於大小。

Thirteen Buddhist pagodas, 17 schools, and several villages are now planting those trees in an attempt to restore a severely deforested area.

13 座佛塔、17 所學校和幾個村莊現在正在種植這些樹木，以試圖恢復被嚴重砍伐的森林地區。

Increased irrigation depleted water resources.

增加灌溉耗盡了水資源。

Increased irrigation led to the depletion of water resources.

增加灌溉導致水資源枯竭。

Overfishing is rapidly depleting fish populations.

過度捕撈正在迅速耗盡魚類種群。

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are rapidly depleting the earth's ozone layer.

氯氟烴 (CFC) 正在迅速消耗地球的臭氧層。

Trees are rapidly being depleted as land is being cleared for agricultural activities and urbanization.

隨著土地被清理用於農業活動和城市化，樹木正在迅速枯竭。

Loss of biodiversity diminishes the adaptability of the ecosystem and depletes genetic resources.

生物多樣性的喪失降低了生態系統的適應性並耗盡了遺傳資源。

Overfishing is causing the rapid depletion of fish populations.

過度捕撈導致魚類種群迅速枯竭。

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are causing the rapid depletion of the earth's ozone layer.

氯氟烴 (CFC) 正在導致地球臭氧層的迅速消耗。

The rapid depletion of trees is occurring as land is being cleared for agricultural activities and urbanization.

隨著土地被清理用於農業活動和城市化，樹木正在迅速枯竭。

Loss of biodiversity diminishes the adaptability of the ecosystem and leads to the depletion of genetic resources.

生物多樣性的喪失降低了生態系統的適應性並導致遺傳資源枯竭。

Increased irrigation depleted water resources.

增加灌溉耗盡了水資源。

Increased irrigation led to the depletion of water resources.

增加灌溉導致水資源枯竭。

Overfishing is rapidly depleting fish populations.

過度捕撈正在迅速耗盡魚類種群。

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are rapidly depleting the earth's ozone layer.

氯氟烴 (CFC) 正在迅速消耗地球的臭氧層。

Trees are rapidly being depleted as land is being cleared for agricultural activities and urbanization.

隨著土地被清理用於農業活動和城市化，樹木正在迅速枯竭。

Loss of biodiversity diminishes the adaptability of the ecosystem and depletes genetic resources.

生物多樣性的喪失降低了生態系統的適應性並耗盡了遺傳資源。

Overfishing is causing the rapid depletion of fish populations.

過度捕撈導致魚類種群迅速枯竭。

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are causing the rapid depletion of the earth's ozone layer.

氯氟烴 (CFC) 正在導致地球臭氧層的迅速消耗。

The rapid depletion of trees is occurring as land is being cleared for agricultural activities and urbanization.

隨著土地被清理用於農業活動和城市化，樹木正在迅速枯竭。

Loss of biodiversity diminishes the adaptability of the ecosystem and leads to the depletion of genetic resources.

生物多樣性的喪失降低了生態系統的適應性並導致遺傳資源枯竭。

The global environment is deteriorating at an unprecedented rate.

全球環境正以前所未有的速度惡化。

My health began to deteriorate quite seriously.

我的健康開始嚴重惡化。

The weather gradually deteriorated as the day went on.

隨著日子一天天過去，天氣逐漸惡化。

Runoffs of agricultural wastes, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides into marine and freshwater environments have deteriorated the quality of wildlife habitats.

農業廢棄物、化肥和殺蟲劑流入海洋和淡水環境已經惡化了野生動物棲息地的質量。

Major pollutants such as oxides of nitrogen and sulfur, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide and other chemical wastes are causing the deterioration of air quality.

主要污染物如氮和硫的氧化物、一氧化碳和二氧化碳以及其他化學廢物正在導致空氣質量惡化。

Landfills discharge various kinds of chemicals on the land adjacent to forest and various natural habitats, resulting in the deterioration of soil.

垃圾填埋場在靠近森林和各種自然棲息地的土地上排放各種化學物質，導致土壤惡化。

Mental and physical deterioration both occur naturally with age.

精神和身體的退化都會隨著年齡的增長而自然發生。

The global environment is deteriorating at an unprecedented rate.

全球環境正以前所未有的速度惡化。

Deterioration of the global environment is happening faster than ever before.

全球環境惡化的速度比以往任何時候都快。

Runoffs of agricultural wastes, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides into marine and freshwater environments have deteriorated the quality of wildlife habitats.

農業廢棄物、化肥和殺蟲劑流入海洋和淡水環境已經惡化了野生動物棲息地的質量。

Runoffs of agricultural wastes, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides into marine and freshwater environments have resulted in the deterioration of the quality of wildlife habitats.

農業廢棄物、化肥和殺蟲劑流入海洋和淡水環境，導致野生動物棲息地質量惡化。

The propensity for people enriched by capital gains to borrow and spend is gradually diminishing.

因資本收益而致富的人們藉貸和消費的傾向正在逐漸減弱。

The destruction of the rain forests is an ecological disaster.

雨林的破壞是一場生態災難。

The ecological effects of the factory need to be balanced against the employment it generates.

工廠的生態效應需要與其創造的就業相平衡。

The ecological consequences of a nuclear war are incalculable.

核戰爭的生態後果是無法估量的。

I'm trying to reduce my ecological footprint by cycling more and driving less.

我試圖通過多騎自行車少開車來減少我的生態足跡。

Humans should try to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.

人類應該努力減少溫室氣體的排放。

Vehicle emissions = gases emitted from vehicles

車輛排放=車輛排放的氣體

Fossil fuel emissions = gases emitted from the combustion of fossil fuels

化石燃料排放 = 化石燃料燃燒排放的氣體

Radio emissions from the sun = radio waves emitted from the sun

太陽的無線電發射 = 太陽發射的無線電波

The burning of fossil fuels is a source of carbon dioxide emissions.

化石燃料的燃燒是二氧化碳排放的一個來源。

Carbon dioxide emissions are caused by the burning of fossil fuels.

二氧化碳排放是由化石燃料的燃燒引起的。

The burning of fossil fuels emits carbon dioxides into the atmosphere.

化石燃料的燃燒會將二氧化碳排放到大氣中。

The burning of fossil fuels releases/gives off carbon dioxides into the atmosphere.

化石燃料的燃燒將二氧化碳釋放/釋放到大氣中。

Humans should try to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.

人類應該努力減少溫室氣體的排放。

Vehicle emissions = gases emitted from vehicles

車輛排放=車輛排放的氣體

Fossil fuel emissions = gases emitted from the combustion of fossil fuels

化石燃料排放 = 化石燃料燃燒排放的氣體

Radio emissions from the sun = radio waves emitted from the sun

太陽的無線電發射 = 太陽發射的無線電波

The burning of fossil fuels is a source of carbon dioxide emissions.

化石燃料的燃燒是二氧化碳排放的一個來源。

Carbon dioxide emissions are caused by the burning of fossil fuels.

二氧化碳排放是由化石燃料的燃燒引起的。

Humans are encroaching onto the environment at an unprecedented rate so that many untamed landscapes are being given over to farming, industry, housing, tourism and other human developments.

人類正以前所未有的速度侵占環境，以至於許多未馴化的景觀被農業、工業、住房、旅遊業和其他人類發展所取代。

Humans encroach on natural resources, leading to mass extinctions of species.

人類侵占自然資源，導致物種大規模滅絕。

The encroachment of humans on the environment is happening at an unprecedented rate, so that many untamed landscapes are being given over to farming, industry, housing, tourism and other human developments.

人類對環境的侵占正在以前所未有的速度發生，因此許多未馴化的景觀正被農業、工業、住房、旅遊業和其他人類發展所取代。

Mass extinctions of species are caused by the encroachment of humans on natural habitats.

物種的大規模滅絕是由於人類對自然棲息地的侵占造成的。

Some people believe that Facebook is encroaching on people’s privacy.

有些人認為 Facebook 正在侵犯人們的隱私。

Some people think text messaging is an encroachment on in-person social interactions.

有些人認為短信是對面對面社交互動的侵犯。

Humans are encroaching onto the environment at an unprecedented rate so that many untamed landscapes are being given over to farming, industry, housing, tourism and other human developments.

人類正以前所未有的速度侵占環境，以至於許多未馴化的景觀被農業、工業、住房、旅遊業和其他人類發展所取代。

Humans encroach on natural resources, leading to mass extinctions of species.

人類侵占自然資源，導致物種大規模滅絕。

The encroachment of humans on the environment is happening at an unprecedented rate, so that many untamed landscapes are being given over to farming, industry, housing, tourism and other human developments.

人類對環境的侵占正在以前所未有的速度發生，因此許多未馴化的景觀正被農業、工業、住房、旅遊業和其他人類發展所取代。

Mass extinctions of species are caused by the encroachment of humans on natural habitats.

物種的大規模滅絕是由於人類對自然棲息地的侵占造成的。

Some people believe that Facebook is encroaching on people’s privacy.

有些人認為 Facebook 正在侵犯人們的隱私。

Some people think text messaging is an encroachment on in-person social interactions.

有些人認為短信是對面對面社交互動的侵犯。

Animals usually become endangered due to overhunting or the destruction of their habitat.

動物通常因過度捕獵或棲息地遭到破壞而瀕臨滅絕。

The wild water buffalo is considered an endangered species.

野生水牛被認為是瀕危物種。

The wild water buffalo is endangered because their habitats fall to cultivation and commercialization by humans.

野生水牛瀕臨滅絕，因為它們的棲息地被人類耕種和商業化。

Polio was then endemic among children my age.

當時脊髓灰質炎在我這個年齡的兒童中流行。

Street crime is virtually endemic in large cities.

街頭犯罪在大城市幾乎是地方性的。

The species was endemic to the island, which brought tourists from all over the world.

該物種是該島的特有物種，吸引了來自世界各地的遊客。

Kangaroos are endemic to Australia.

袋鼠是澳大利亞的特有種。

Some island species are found nowhere else apart from these areas – we call them endemic species. 

除了這些地區，其他地方都找不到一些島嶼物種——我們稱它們為特有物種。

Acid rain may have caused major environmental damage.

酸雨可能造成了重大的環境破壞。

Europe's airplane engine manufacturers are now pooling their resources to make flying more environmentally friendly.

歐洲的飛機發動機製造商現在正在集中資源使飛行更加環保。

It is estimated that there won’t be any exploitable fossil fuels reserves by 2060.

預計到 2060 年將不會有任何可開采的化石燃料儲量。

物種滅絕 => 物種 + go/be/become extinct

Dinosaurs are extinct animals.

恐龍是滅絕的動物。

Dinosaurs went extinct about 65 million years ago.

恐龍大約在 6500 萬年前滅絕。

Polar bears may become extinct due to global warming.

由於全球變暖，北極熊可能會滅絕。

Western Black Rhinoceros went extinct in 2011 = The Western black rhino was declared extinct in 2011

西部黑犀牛於 2011 年滅絕 = 西部黑犀牛於 2011 年被宣布滅絕

an extinct volcano

一座死火山

Polar bears may become extinct due to global warming.

由於全球變暖，北極熊可能會滅絕。

Global warming might lead to the extinction of polar bears.

全球變暖可能導致北極熊滅絕。

Many animals went extinct as human encroached on natural habitats.

隨著人類對自然棲息地的侵占，許多動物滅絕了。

Human encroachments on natural habitats led to mass extinctions of species.

人類對自然棲息地的侵占導致物種大規模滅絕。

片語用法

in the danger of becoming extinct = in the danger of extinction = 瀕臨滅絕

on the brink of becoming extinct = on the brink of extinction = 瀕臨滅絕

Be headed for extinction = race toward extinction = 走向滅絕

Put __ at risk of extinction = 使__面臨滅絕的危險

Several bird species are on the brink of extinction.

幾種鳥類瀕臨滅絕。

Giraffes are in the danger of extinction.

長頸鹿面臨滅絕的危險。

The tiger is headed for extinction because of development and hunting.

由於發展和狩獵，老虎正走向滅絕。

The introduction of foxes put many native species at risk of extinction.

狐狸的引入使許多本土物種面臨滅絕的危險。

Global warming might lead to the extinction of polar bears.

全球變暖可能導致北極熊滅絕。

Human encroachments on natural habitats led to mass extinctions of species.

人類對自然棲息地的侵占導致物種大規模滅絕。

Several bird species are on the brink of extinction.

幾種鳥類瀕臨滅絕。

Giraffes are in the danger of extinction.

長頸鹿面臨滅絕的危險。

The tiger is headed for extinction because of development and hunting.

由於發展和狩獵，老虎正走向滅絕。

The introduction of foxes put many native species at risk of extinction.

狐狸的引入使許多本土物種面臨滅絕的危險。

Although some stream fed commercial fisheries do contain natural fish, the fast majority are artificially stocked.

儘管一些以溪流為食的商業漁業確實含有天然魚，但大部分是人工放養的。

Music streaming can be bad for your carbon footprint - the computer has to be on to play audio files from its hard drive.

音樂流可能對您的碳足跡不利 - 計算機必須打開才能播放硬盤驅動器中的音頻文件。

The sea here is as cold as Cornwall in winter and you have to wear a full wetsuit, boots, gloves and a hood to insulate you from the frigid waters and equally cold winds

這裡的海在冬天像康沃爾一樣寒冷，你必須穿上全套潛水衣、靴子、手套和頭巾，以使你免受寒冷的海水和同樣寒冷的風的影響

Mining and oil exploration render land unusable for habitation and causes other forms of environmental degradation by releasing toxic materials into the environment. (habitation)

採礦和石油勘探使土地無法用於居住，並通過將有毒物質釋放到環境中而導致其他形式的環境退化。 （居住地）

Most endangered species are threatened by multiple factors, but habitat loss is generally viewed as the largest single cause of biodiversity loss worldwide. (habitat loss)

大多數瀕危物種受到多種因素的威脅，但棲息地喪失通常被視為全球生物多樣性喪失的最大單一原因。 （棲息地的喪失）

Habitat loss poses great threats to species.​

棲息地喪失對物種構成巨大威脅。​

Runoffs of agricultural wastes, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides into marine and freshwater environments have deteriorated the quality of wildlife habitats.

農業廢棄物、化肥和殺蟲劑流入海洋和淡水環境已經惡化了野生動物棲息地的質量。

Mining and oil exploration render land unusable for habitation and causes other forms of environmental degradation by releasing toxic materials into the environment. (habitation)

採礦和石油勘探使土地無法用於居住，並通過將有毒物質釋放到環境中而導致其他形式的環境退化。 （居住地）

Most endangered species are threatened by multiple factors, but habitat loss is generally viewed as the largest single cause of biodiversity loss worldwide. (habitat loss)

大多數瀕危物種受到多種因素的威脅，但棲息地喪失通常被視為全球生物多樣性喪失的最大單一原因。 （棲息地的喪失）

Habitat loss poses great threats to species.​

棲息地喪失對物種構成巨大威脅。​

Runoffs of agricultural wastes, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides into marine and freshwater environments have deteriorated the quality of wildlife habitats.

農業廢棄物、化肥和殺蟲劑流入海洋和淡水環境已經惡化了野生動物棲息地的質量。

Tibetans still form a majority of people living in the inhospitable countryside.​

藏人仍然是生活在荒涼鄉村的大多數人。​

Raccoons are an invasive species in Scotland.

浣熊是蘇格蘭的入侵物種。

They found invasive cancer during a routine examination.

他們在例行檢查中發現了浸潤性癌症。

An invasive pest can decimate unprotected crops.

入侵性害蟲可以摧毀未受保護的作物。

 I feel that keeping direct eye contact is less invasive than a handshake or a hug.

我覺得保持直接的眼神交流比握手或擁抱更不具侵略性。

Seventy percent of the world's most valuable fisheries, and 11 of 15 major fishing grounds, are either overfished or fished to the limit according to the United Nations.

根據聯合國的數據，世界上 70% 最有價值的漁業和 15 個主要漁場中的 11 個被過度捕撈或捕撈到極限。

Population = 人口數  = 動物的數量

Many of the world's cities have populations of more than five million. 

世界上許多城市的人口超過 500 萬。

In 1992 the population of Cairo was approximately 6,500,000.

1992年開羅的人口約為650萬。 

The country is facing a population explosion.

這個國家正面臨著一場人口爆炸。

The dolphin population has been decimated by tuna fishing.

捕撈鮪魚導致海豚的數量大大減少。

In the past eight years, the elephant population in Africa has been halved. 

在過去的八年裡，非洲的大像數量減少了一半。

The Indian elephant is a vanishing species that needs a protected habitat to survive.

印度像是一種正在消失的物種，需要一個受保護的棲息地才能生存。

While a photograph is a static record of a specific moment, the pigment is a symbol of that specific moment vanishing.

雖然照片是特定時刻的靜態記錄，但顏料是該特定時刻消失的象徵。