必考雅思单字 - 海洋生物學

It is a blue-green alga, a primitive plant of the same class as seaweeds or the green slime seen on rocks and jetties when uncovered by the sea at low tide.

它是一種藍綠藻，是一種與海藻或在退潮時被海水覆蓋時在岩石和碼頭上看到的綠色粘液同屬一類的原始植物。

Aquatic algae can detect orange, green and blue light because they have receptors to detect light on the red and far red of the spectrum, which are the common wavelengths in the air.

水生藻類可以檢測橙色、綠色和藍色光，因為它們具有檢測光譜中紅色和遠紅色光的受體，這是空氣中的常見波長。

Aquatic ecosystems are divided into two major groups: marine, or saltwater, and freshwater, also known as nonsaline.

水生生態系統分為兩大類：海洋或鹹水和淡水，也稱為非鹹水。

If human consumption outpaces natural restoration, the quality and quantity of remaining aquatic habitat suffer

如果人類消費超過自然恢復，剩餘水生棲息地的質量和數量都會受到影響

Aquatic mammals are well adapted to life in the water with physical characteristics such as flippers, webbed feet, paddlelike tails and streamlined bodies.

水生哺乳動物非常適應水中的生活，具有鰭狀肢、蹼足、槳狀尾巴和流線型身體等物理特徵。

Killer whales also prey on mammals such as other cetaceans and pinnipeds, as well as on birds and large fish.

虎鯨也捕食哺乳動物，如其他鯨類和鰭足類動物，以及鳥類和大型魚類。

The rest of the island is characterized by beautiful sandy beaches, coral reefs, warm clear blue waters and idyllic islands.

島上其他地區的特點是美麗的沙灘、珊瑚礁、溫暖清澈的藍色海水和田園詩般的島嶼。

Offshore drilling would damage coral reefs and mangrove swamps and threaten endangered sea life.

海上鑽探會破壞珊瑚礁和紅樹林沼澤，並威脅到瀕臨滅絕的海洋生物。

A fungus is any member of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.

真菌是一大類真核生物的任何成員，包括酵母和黴菌等微生物，以及更常見的蘑菇。

A virus is a parasite, which needs a host cell to live in, and a microbe is a bacterium, which is a living cell in its own right.

病毒是寄生蟲，需要宿主細胞才能生存，微生物是細菌，它本身就是活細胞。

They feed on microscopic blue green algae plants that only thrive in saline waters.

它們以僅在鹹水中茁壯成長的微觀藍綠藻植物為食。

To their scientists, the visible snow is only a small part of all the settling material that is mostly microscopic and not visible to the naked eye.

對他們的科學家來說，可見的雪只是所有沉降物質的一小部分，這些物質大多是微觀的，肉眼看不到。

The harbor seal's diet consists of fish, cephalopods, such as octopus and squid, and crustaceans.

海豹的食物包括魚、頭足類動物，如章魚和魷魚，以及甲殼類動物。

The Arctic has a runaway lead when it comes to global warming. The rapidly thawing region is heating up twice as fast as the rest of the world. And it’s just getting started. A new study says the warming gap could widen substantially—all thanks to microscopic phytoplankton. As sea ice melts and more light penetrates the ocean surface, phytoplankton flourish. As these zillions of photosynthesizing microorganisms live it up, they have a collectively large impact on ecosystems.

在全球變暖方面，北極地區遙遙領先。迅速解凍的地區升溫速度是世界其他地區的兩倍。它才剛剛開始。一項新的研究表明，變暖的差距可能會大大擴大——這一切都要歸功於微觀的浮游植物。隨著海冰融化和更多的光線穿透海洋表面，浮游植物蓬勃發展。隨著這些數以萬計的光合作用微生物的生存，它們對生態系統產生了巨大的影響。

Most hydrozoans alternate between a polyp and a medusa stage - they spend part of their lives as ‘jellyfish’ which are hard to distinguish from scyphozoan jellyfish.

大多數水螅動物在息肉和水母階段之間交替——它們一生中的一部分時間都是“水母”，很難與水母水母區分開來。

The sound reverberates better in cavernous places, like gyms, or churches

聲音在有洞穴的地方迴響更好，比如健身房或教堂

His singing reverberated through the house.

他的歌聲在屋子裡迴盪。

The room reverberated with laughter.

房間裡迴盪著笑聲。

Oil and gas was formed around 100 million years ago when tiny marine plants and animals called phytoplankton and zooplankton floated on the sea's surface. They typically eat insects and floating vegetable matter but their diet also includes zooplankton, aquatic insect larvae, and worms.

石油和天然氣是在大約 1 億年前形成的，當時稱為浮游植物和浮游動物的微小海洋動植物漂浮在海面上。它們通常吃昆蟲和漂浮的植物物質，但它們的食物還包括浮游動物、水生昆蟲幼蟲和蠕蟲。