Questions 27-32
The reading passage has six sections, A-F.
Choose the correct heading for sections A-F from the list of headings below.
Write the correct number i-viii in boxes 27-32 on your answer sheet.
List of Headings
- An increasing divergence of attitudes towards Al
- Reasons why we have more faith in human judgement than in Al
- The superiority of Al projections over those made by humans
- The process by which Al can help us make good decisions
- The advantages of involving users in Al processes
- Widespread distrust of an Al innovation
- Encouraging openness about how Al functions
- A surprisingly successful Al application
Choose heading iii because it gives the main idea of the paragraph. The supporting evidence is: "Since many everyday decisions depend on accurate forecasting, AI is often superior to human beings at making projections.". This sentence shows what the paragraph is mainly about, rather than just mentioning a small detail.
Associated Text:
Since many everyday decisions depend on accurate forecasting, AI is often superior to human beings at making projections.
Choose heading vi because it gives the main idea of the paragraph. The supporting evidence is: "If AI is to bring real public benefits, researchers first need to understand why people are reluctant to trust it.". This sentence shows what the paragraph is mainly about, rather than just mentioning a small detail.
Associated Text:
If AI is to bring real public benefits, researchers first need to understand why people are reluctant to trust it.
Choose heading ii because it gives the main idea of the paragraph. The supporting evidence is: "Trust in people usually comes from knowing how they think and from experience of their reliability, which creates psychological safety.". This sentence shows what the paragraph is mainly about, rather than just mentioning a small detail.
Associated Text:
Trust in people usually comes from knowing how they think and from experience of their reliability, which creates psychological safety.
Choose heading i because it gives the main idea of the paragraph. The supporting evidence is: "Regardless of whether the film presented AI positively or negatively, simply seeing a screen version of a technological future polarised the participants' attitudes.". This sentence shows what the paragraph is mainly about, rather than just mentioning a small detail.
Associated Text:
Regardless of whether the film presented AI positively or negatively, simply seeing a screen version of a technological future polarised the participants' attitudes.
Choose heading vii because it gives the main idea of the paragraph. The supporting evidence is: "A further approach would be to disclose more information about the algorithms AI uses and the purposes behind them.". This sentence shows what the paragraph is mainly about, rather than just mentioning a small detail.
Associated Text:
A further approach would be to disclose more information about the algorithms AI uses and the purposes behind them.
Choose heading v because it gives the main idea of the paragraph. The supporting evidence is: "A similar practice for AI could give users a clearer understanding of how algorithmic decisions are produced.". This sentence shows what the paragraph is mainly about, rather than just mentioning a small detail.
Associated Text:
A similar practice for AI could give users a clearer understanding of how algorithmic decisions are produced.
Questions 33-35
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
Write your answers in boxes 33-35
on your answer sheet.
33. What is the writer doing in Section A?
34. According to Section C, why might some people be reluctant to accept Al?
35. What does the writer say about the media in Section
(A) is incorrect. Choice A says "offering a solution to a concern", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "Yet despite these advances, people still show little confidence in AI predictions.". Because Choice A does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
(B) is incorrect. Choice B says "supporting an opinion about an issue", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "Yet despite these advances, people still show little confidence in AI predictions.". Because Choice B does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
(C) is correct. Choice C matches the question because "emphasising the existence of a problem" is the idea supported by the passage evidence: "Yet despite these advances, people still show little confidence in AI predictions.". The wording may be paraphrased, but it points to the same meaning.
(D) is incorrect. Choice D says "explaining the causes of a phenomenon", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "Yet despite these advances, people still show little confidence in AI predictions.". Because Choice D does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
Associated Text:
Yet despite these advances, people still show little confidence in AI predictions.
(A) is incorrect. Choice A says "They fear it will replace humans in decision-making jobs.", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "Even where a technical explanation exists, its decision-making process is often too complex for most people to follow.". Because Choice A does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
(B) is correct. Choice B matches the question because "Its complexity makes them feel they are at a disadvantage." is the idea supported by the passage evidence: "Even where a technical explanation exists, its decision-making process is often too complex for most people to follow.". The wording may be paraphrased, but it points to the same meaning.
(C) is incorrect. Choice C says "They would prefer to wait for the technology to be tested over a period of time.", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "Even where a technical explanation exists, its decision-making process is often too complex for most people to follow.". Because Choice C does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
(D) is incorrect. Choice D says "Misunderstandings about how it works make it seem more difficult than it is.", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "Even where a technical explanation exists, its decision-making process is often too complex for most people to follow.". Because Choice D does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
Associated Text:
Even where a technical explanation exists, its decision-making process is often too complex for most people to follow.
(A) is correct. Choice A matches the question because "from the text?" is the idea supported by the passage evidence: "Publicised mistakes receive an excessive amount of media attention, reinforcing the idea that technology cannot be trusted.". The wording may be paraphrased, but it points to the same meaning.
(B) is incorrect. Choice B says "It causes the public to be mistrustful of Al.", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "Publicised mistakes receive an excessive amount of media attention, reinforcing the idea that technology cannot be trusted.". Because Choice B does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
(C) is incorrect. Choice C says "It gives an excessive amount of attention to Al.", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "Publicised mistakes receive an excessive amount of media attention, reinforcing the idea that technology cannot be trusted.". Because Choice C does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
(D) is incorrect. Choice D says "Its reports of incidents involving Al are frequently inaccurate.", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "Publicised mistakes receive an excessive amount of media attention, reinforcing the idea that technology cannot be trusted.". Because Choice D does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
(E) is incorrect. Choice E says "It creates the impression that Al failures are due to designer error.", but the passage evidence for the correct answer is "Publicised mistakes receive an excessive amount of media attention, reinforcing the idea that technology cannot be trusted.". Because Choice E does not express that same idea, it should not be chosen.
Associated Text:
Publicised mistakes receive an excessive amount of media attention, reinforcing the idea that technology cannot be trusted.
Questions 36-40
Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? In boxes 36-40 on your answer sheet, write
YES if the statement reflects the claims of the writer
NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
The answer is NO because the statement contradicts the passage. The key evidence is: "Those already optimistic became more enthusiastic, while sceptics became more guarded.". This evidence gives a different meaning from the question statement, so the statement is not correct.
Associated Text:
Those already optimistic became more enthusiastic, while sceptics became more guarded.
The answer is NOT GIVEN because the passage does not give enough information to confirm the statement. The closest relevant evidence is: "As media and entertainment include more representations of AI, society could become divided between those who use AI's benefits and those who reject them.". This may discuss a related idea, but it does not prove the statement in the question.
Associated Text:
As media and entertainment include more representations of AI, society could become divided between those who use AI's benefits and those who reject them.
The answer is YES because the statement agrees with the passage. The key evidence is: "More importantly, people who refuse the advantages of AI may place themselves at a serious disadvantage.". This evidence says the same thing as the question statement, so the statement is supported.
Associated Text:
More importantly, people who refuse the advantages of AI may place themselves at a serious disadvantage.
The answer is NO because the statement contradicts the passage. The key evidence is: "Prior experience with AI can greatly improve opinions of the technology, as the experiment above also showed.". This evidence gives a different meaning from the question statement, so the statement is not correct.
Associated Text:
Prior experience with AI can greatly improve opinions of the technology, as the experiment above also showed.
The answer is YES because the statement agrees with the passage. The key evidence is: "In one study, people who were permitted to slightly modify an algorithm felt more satisfied with its decisions, were more likely to believe it was superior and were more likely to use it in the future.". This evidence says the same thing as the question statement, so the statement is supported.
Associated Text:
In one study, people who were permitted to slightly modify an algorithm felt more satisfied with its decisions, were more likely to believe it was superior and were more likely to use it in the future.
