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Práctica TOEFL Reading: haz un test de TOEFL Reading gratis con respuestas y conoce los nuevos tipos de preguntas de Reading

En esta guía encontrarás un test de TOEFL Reading gratis con respuestas, muchas preguntas de práctica TOEFL Reading e información sobre las 3 nuevas tareas de Reading y los 9 tipos de preguntas de Reading, para que prepares con éxito tu examen de TOEFL Reading. Esta página reúne todo lo que necesitas saber y las habilidades clave para conseguir una nota alta en Reading.

Para empezar, si quieres hacer una prueba gratuita de reading de TOEFL o simplemente tienes curiosidad por saber cómo es hacer un examen oficial de reading de TOEFL, haz clic en el botón de abajo.

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Tabla de contenido

Introducción al TOEFL Reading

La sección de lectura es la primera sección del examen TOEFL iBT. Está dividida en dos módulos y consta de una serie de tareas de lectura breves. La sección incluye aproximadamente de 35 a 48 preguntas puntuadas y debe completarse dentro de un límite de tiempo total de aproximadamente 20 a 30 minutos. El segundo módulo es adaptativo, lo que significa que su dificultad está determinada por su desempeño en el primer módulo.

Dentro de cada módulo de la sección de Lectura, puede omitir preguntas y volver a ellas antes de continuar. Una vez que se completa un módulo, no puede volver a etapas anteriores.

Tipos de tareas de lectura
  • Completar las palabras: Textos académicos breves en los que faltan partes de palabras. Debes completar cada palabra correctamente según el contexto circundante.
  • Leer en la vida diaria: textos breves de la vida real, como mensajes, avisos, correos electrónicos o publicaciones en línea, seguidos de preguntas de comprensión.
  • Lea un pasaje académico: pasajes académicos breves, generalmente de entre 150 y 250 palabras, seguidos de preguntas sobre ideas principales, detalles, vocabulario y relaciones lógicas.
Nivel de dificultad de lectura

El nivel de dificultad de la sección de Lectura varía desde el inglés práctico y cotidiano hasta el lenguaje que se encuentra comúnmente en los cursos introductorios de nivel universitario. Las exigencias de vocabulario, estructura de oraciones y lectura aumentan a medida que la dificultad de la tarea se adapta a su desempeño.

Preguntas de muestra del nuevo TOEFL Reading

Complete The Words Sample Task
Arthropods succeed on land partly because exoskeletons protect the body and reduce water loss. Biolo compare molting, joi limbs, and sen organs to under how arthropods oc so many habi. Insects, spi, and crustaceans all bel to this very br animal gr. Small size and rapid reproduction often help them respond quickly to change. New measurements and historical evidence often reveal patterns that earlier research could not fully explain. These comparisons help scholars test explanations and connect local evidence to broader systems. Arthropods demonstrate how one body plan can diversify across many environments. Additional evidence from surveys, experiments, and archives can clarify how the process changes over time.

  • spellcheck Answers
    1. gists (Biologists)
    2. nted (jointed)
    3. sory (sensory)
    4. stand (understand)
    5. cupy (occupy)
    6. tats (habitats)
    7. ders (spiders)
    8. ong (belong)
    9. oad (broad)
    10. oup (group)

Complete the Words

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Read In Daily Life Sample Task

Upcoming Billing Cycle and Payment Reminders

Important Dates for July 2025 Billing Cycle

The monthly billing cycle for all SecureBank credit accounts will close on July 24, 2025, with automatic payments processed on July 25, 2025 for enrolled customers. To avoid payment failure or late fees, make sure sufficient funds are available in your linked account by 5:00 P.M. on July 24. Customers not enrolled in automatic payments are encouraged to submit their payment manually through our online banking platform, mobile app, or at any branch before the due date.

To review your billing statement, sign in at www.securebank.com. For questions or updates to your payment settings, contact us at billing@securebank.com or call (800) 555-0123.

Thank you for choosing SecureBank.

1. What is the main purpose of this notice?
  1. To announce a new account policy
  2. To remind all customers of the upcoming billing cycle
  3. To confirm individual payments
  4. To promote mobile banking features
2. What action is recommended for customers with automatic payments?
  1. Update their credit limit
  2. Disable payment alerts
  3. Ensure funds are available by July 24
  4. Close their accounts

  • spellcheck Answers

    1. Answer: B

    (B) The correct answer is to remind all customers of the upcoming billing cycle. In paragraph 1 and the heading, "Upcoming Billing Cycle and Payment Reminders," the notice explains that "The monthly billing cycle for all SecureBank credit accounts will close on July 24, 2025, with automatic payments processed on July 25, 2025" and provides instructions about avoiding late fees. These details confirm that the notice’s main purpose is to alert every customer about the upcoming billing cycle and associated payment dates.

    (A) "To announce a new account policy" is incorrect since no new or revised policies are introduced; the text only reiterates existing billing dates and procedures.

    (C) "To confirm individual payments" is incorrect because the notice does not acknowledge receipt of any specific payment; instead, it speaks prospectively about what customers should do before the billing cycle ends.

    (D) "To promote mobile banking features" is incorrect; although the notice mentions the mobile app as one payment option, the document’s focus is not marketing the app but reminding customers of billing deadlines.

    2. Answer: C

    (C) The correct answer is ensure funds are available by July 24. In paragraph 1, the notice states, "To avoid payment failure or late fees, make sure sufficient funds are available in your linked account by 5:00 P.M. on July 24." This directive is specifically aimed at customers whose automatic payments will be processed the next day, indicating the recommended action.

    (A) "Update their credit limit" is incorrect because the notice never advises changing credit limits; it only addresses payment timing and fund availability.

    (B) "Disable payment alerts" is incorrect as the notice does not mention disabling alerts; instead, it emphasizes keeping automatic payments active and funded.

    (D) "Close their accounts" is incorrect since the text nowhere suggests that customers should close their accounts; it focuses on maintaining payments.

Gist Purpose

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Academic Passages Sample Task

The development of windmills marked an important step in the history of mechanical power. Historical evidence suggests that early wind-driven machines were used for grinding grain, pumping water, and supporting agricultural communities. These devices were especially valuable in regions where flowing water was limited.

Some of the earliest windmills were simple in design. [A] Builders often used wooden frames and cloth sails to catch moving air. [B] However, not all early windmills remained rudimentary. [C] Over time, engineers developed improved gears and stronger towers that allowed mills to work more reliably. [D] These advances increased the range of tasks windmills could perform.

The shift from simple wind-powered structures to more refined machines suggests advances in design, planning, and local engineering knowledge. Better windmills allowed communities to process food more efficiently and manage water with less labor. Recent discoveries have also shown that windmill technology may have spread between regions in more complex ways than researchers once believed.

1. The word “rudimentary” in the passage is closest in meaning to
  1. basic
  2. decorative
  3. fragile
  4. imported
2. According to the passage, all of the following are true about early windmills EXCEPT:
  1. They could help grind grain.
  2. Some used cloth sails.
  3. They were always highly complex from the beginning.
  4. They were valuable where flowing water was limited.
3. What is suggested about later improvements in windmill design?
  1. They made windmills more reliable and useful for more tasks.
  2. They removed the need for sails entirely.
  3. They prevented windmills from spreading between regions.
  4. They made wind power less efficient than before.
4. What have recent discoveries uncovered about windmill technology?
  1. It spread between regions in more complex ways than once believed.
  2. It was used only for decorative buildings.
  3. It depended entirely on metal sails.
  4. It appeared only after steam engines were invented.
5.

There are four locations [▪] in the passage that indicate where the following sentence could be added.

Where would the sentence best fit? Select a location [▪] to add the sentence to the passage.

Some mills could be turned so their sails faced changing wind directions more effectively.

  1. [A]
  2. [B]
  3. [C]
  4. [D]

  • spellcheck Answers

    1. Answer: A

    (A) The correct answer is basic. In the passage, "The development of windmills marked an important step in the history of mechanical power." shows that the word is closest in meaning to "basic".

    (B) decorative is incorrect because that meaning does not fit the way the word is used in the sentence

    (C) fragile is incorrect because that meaning does not fit the way the word is used in the sentence

    (D) imported is incorrect because that meaning does not fit the way the word is used in the sentence

    2. Answer: C

    (C) The correct answer is They were always highly complex from the beginning. This question asks for the choice that is NOT mentioned or supported. The passage gives support for They could help grind grain.; Some used cloth sails.; They were valuable where flowing water was limited., but it does not support "They were always highly complex from the beginning."

    (A) They could help grind grain. is incorrect because the passage does mention this point; However, not all early windmills remained rudimentary.

    (B) Some used cloth sails. is incorrect because the passage does mention this point; However, not all early windmills remained rudimentary.

    (D) They were valuable where flowing water was limited. is incorrect because the passage does mention this point; These devices were especially valuable in regions where flowing water was limited.

    3. Answer: A

    (A) The correct answer is They made windmills more reliable and useful for more tasks. In the passage, "Some of the earliest windmills were simple in design." supports the inference that "They made windmills more reliable and useful for more tasks."

    (B) They removed the need for sails entirely. is incorrect because it is not supported by what the passage implies

    (C) They prevented windmills from spreading between regions. is incorrect because it goes beyond what the passage suggests; the support points instead to Some of the earliest windmills were simple in design.

    (D) They made wind power less efficient than before. is incorrect because it is not supported by what the passage implies

    4. Answer: A

    (A) The correct answer is It spread between regions in more complex ways than once believed. In the passage, "Recent discoveries have also shown that windmill technology may have spread between regions in more complex ways than researchers once believed." directly supports "It spread between regions in more complex ways than once believed."

    (B) It was used only for decorative buildings. is incorrect because the passage does not support that detail

    (C) It depended entirely on metal sails. is incorrect because the passage does not support that detail

    (D) It appeared only after steam engines were invented. is incorrect because the passage does not support that detail

    5. Answer: C

    (C) The correct answer is Position C. This position follows the sentence “However, not all early windmills remained rudimentary,” which clearly introduces a shift toward technological improvements. The added sentence fits perfectly here as a specific example of that improvement, and it smoothly leads into the next sentence about improved gears and stronger towers. The structure becomes: contrast → example → further developments.

    (A) Position A. Too early—this part describes simple windmills. The sentence adds an advanced feature, which contradicts that idea.

    (B) Position B. It comes before “However,” which introduces improvement. Adding the sentence here makes the contrast unclear or repetitive.

    (D) Position D. Too late—the paragraph is summarizing. Adding a specific detail here breaks the general flow.

Vocabulary

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Lo que aprendimos de 636.000 ejercicios de práctica de TOEFL Reading

Nuestros estudiantes han hecho 636.975 ejercicios de práctica de TOEFL Reading con nosotros: 117.593 secciones de Reading de exámenes de práctica completos y 519.382 preguntas de práctica. Sus resultados muestran dónde suelen tener dificultades. Las preguntas de Academic Passage son las que más les cuestan, con un 62.1% de aciertos, y las de Read in Daily Life son las más fáciles, con un 83.4%. Dos tipos de pregunta son especialmente difíciles, porque los estudiantes los aciertan menos de la mitad de las veces.

  • La puntuación media en el examen de práctica de TOEFL Reading es la banda 4.2. En 117.593 secciones de Reading de 69.392 estudiantes, el 69% llegó a la banda 4 o más, el 28.9% a la banda 5 o más y el 3% a la banda 6.
  • Las preguntas de Academic Passage son las que más puntos cuestan en TOEFL Reading. En nuestros exámenes adaptativos, del tipo de tarea más fácil al más difícil, los estudiantes acertaron el 83.4% de las preguntas de Read in Daily Life, el 65.3% de las preguntas de Complete the Words y el 62.1% de las preguntas de Academic Passage. Además, dedicaron unos 8 minutos a leer un solo pasaje académico y responder sus preguntas. Eso es el 27% de los 30 minutos que tienes para toda la sección de Reading.
  • Dos tipos de pregunta de TOEFL Reading están por debajo del 50% de aciertos. Los estudiantes acertaron las preguntas de Select in Passage el 46.9% de las veces. Después vinieron Insert a Sentence, con el 47.6%; Rhetorical Purpose, con el 55.8% y Negative Factual Information, con el 57.7%. Lo que tienen en común estos cuatro tipos es que debes interpretar o usar información del pasaje, no solo encontrar un dato que se dice en él. Los tipos de pregunta más fáciles fueron Gist Purpose, con el 82.0%, y Detail, con el 74.7%.
  • En TOEFL Reading, Complete the Words lleva unos 12 segundos por hueco. En 1.34 millones de preguntas de Complete the Words, los estudiantes dedicaron unos 12 segundos a cada pregunta y acertaron el 65.3%. Las letras que faltan pueden estar en vocabulario académico o en palabras gramaticales cortas, así que lee la oración que rodea cada hueco antes de escribir.
  • Vocabulario es el quinto tipo de pregunta más fácil de los 10 de TOEFL Reading. Los estudiantes acertaron el 62.4% de 201.299 preguntas de Vocabulario. Inference (60.6%) obtuvo un resultado más bajo, y Organization (63.1%) obtuvo un resultado más alto. Una pregunta de vocabulario puede ser tan difícil como una pregunta sobre cómo se conectan las ideas del pasaje, así que presta la misma atención a las palabras que rodean la palabra resaltada.

Cómo cambiaron las preguntas de TOEFL Reading en el nuevo examen

Los tipos de pregunta de TOEFL Reading casi no cambiaron en enero de 2026, pero los pasajes sí cambiaron. Los pasajes académicos antiguos tenían unas 700 palabras y 10 preguntas. Los nuevos tienen de 150 a 400 palabras y unas 5 preguntas. Comparamos los mismos tipos de pregunta en los dos formatos. Algunos se volvieron mucho más fáciles, y otros más difíciles.

Tipo de pregunta

Pasajes antiguos

Pasajes nuevos

Inferencia

47.4%

71.7%

Propósito retórico

46.0%

63.9%

Detalle

67.7%

79.9%

Vocabulario

62.8%

62.1%

Información factual negativa

62.0%

54.0%

Insertar una oración

48.3%

40.1%

  • Las preguntas de Inferencia y Propósito retórico se volvieron mucho más fáciles. Los estudiantes respondieron bien el 47.4% de las preguntas de Inferencia en los pasajes antiguos y el 71.7% en los nuevos, así que las preguntas de Inferencia se volvieron mucho más fáciles. Las de Propósito retórico se volvieron mucho más fáciles también: pasaron del 46.0% al 63.9%. Una razón puede ser que los pasajes cortos dejan la pista más cerca de la pregunta. En estos tipos de pregunta, empieza por la oración que nombra la pregunta y lee las oraciones de antes y de después.
  • Las preguntas de Detalle se volvieron mucho más fáciles también. Pasaron del 67.7% de aciertos en los pasajes antiguos al 79.9% en los nuevos, así que Detalle es el segundo tipo de pregunta más fácil de los 10 de TOEFL Reading. La mejor estrategia es sencilla: busca las palabras clave de la pregunta en el pasaje y elige la respuesta que dice la misma idea con otras palabras.
  • Las preguntas de Información factual negativa e Insertar una oración se volvieron más difíciles. Las preguntas de Información factual negativa se volvieron más difíciles: pasaron del 62.0% de aciertos al 54.0%. Las de Insertar una oración se volvieron más difíciles: pasaron del 48.3% al 40.1%. Los dos tipos te piden comprobar cómo encaja la información en todo el pasaje, no solo encontrar un dato. En Información factual negativa, encuentra tres opciones en el pasaje: la que no puedes comprobar es la respuesta. En Insertar una oración, busca en la oración nueva palabras que la conecten con las ideas cercanas, por ejemplo "this", "these" o "however".
  • Las preguntas de Vocabulario se volvieron más difíciles en el nuevo examen. Los estudiantes acertaron el 62.8% de las preguntas de Vocabulario en los pasajes antiguos y el 62.1% en los nuevos. Los pasajes más cortos hicieron las preguntas de Vocabulario 0.7 puntos más difíciles. Si no conoces la palabra, tener menos texto alrededor puede no ayudarte, así que la práctica de vocabulario es tan importante como antes.
  • Cuatro tipos de pregunta antiguos no están en el nuevo examen. Referencia, Simplificación de oraciones, Completar el resumen y Completar la tabla ya no existen. Completar las palabras, Seleccionar en Pasaje, Organización y Propósito esencial son nuevos. Los libros antiguos de TOEFL todavía ayudan con Detalle, Inferencia y Vocabulario, pero practica los nuevos tipos de tarea con pasajes cortos.

Nuevos tipos de preguntas del TOEFL Reading

Aunque los pasajes de lectura pueden ser difíciles de entender, no es necesario que los entiendas todos. Al aprender estrategias para cada tipo de pregunta de lectura, puede obtener una puntuación alta en el TOEFL sin comprender completamente el pasaje completo. Lo primero que debes aprender son los diferentes tipos de preguntas de lectura del TOEFL.

Los 9 tipos de preguntas del TOEFL Reading

Las preguntas de lectura del TOEFL se pueden dividir en 9 tipos diferentes de preguntas de lectura:

  1. Detalle
  2. Propósito esencial
  3. Propósito retórico
  4. Inferencia
  5. Información fáctica negativa
  6. Vocabulario
  7. Organización
  8. Seleccionar en Pasaje
  9. Completa las palabras

Nuestras lecciones integrales abordarán cada uno de estos tipos de preguntas en detalle. Para verlos, cree una cuenta gratuita y comience su prueba gratuita de 7 días.

A continuación encontrará ejemplos de preguntas para cada tipo de pregunta de lectura del TOEFL.

Detail Question
[1] Passive cooling architecture reduces indoor heat by relying on building design rather than heavy mechanical cooling. Features such as thick walls, shaded courtyards, and carefully placed openings can slow heat gain during the day. In some climates, these strategies make buildings more comfortable while lowering energy use.

[2] One widely used approach is to guide moving air through interior spaces. Ventilation towers, shaded passages, and high ceilings can direct breezes where they are most useful. Designers must also carefully channel air movement so that warm air leaves and cooler air enters at the right points.

[3] Although passive cooling depends on local climate and thoughtful planning, it is likely to become more important as cities search for lower-energy building strategies. For this reason, architects, engineers, and material specialists often work together when adapting traditional cooling ideas to modern construction.
Why are shaded courtyards and thick walls useful in passive cooling design?
  1. They help reduce indoor heat gain during the day.
  2. They eliminate the need for ventilation openings.
  3. They increase the amount of sunlight indoors at noon.
  4. They are useful only in cold climates.

Detail Question
Detail questions ask about information that is clearly stated in the passage. The correct answer is explicitly mentioned (not implied), often as a specific fact, number, or description.
  • spellcheck Answer
    Answer: A

    (A) The correct answer is They help reduce indoor heat gain during the day. In the passage, "Features such as thick walls, shaded courtyards, and carefully placed openings can slow heat gain during the day." directly supports "They help reduce indoor heat gain during the day."

    (B) They eliminate the need for ventilation openings. is incorrect because it changes or distorts a detail from the passage; Features such as thick walls, shaded courtyards, and carefully placed openings can slow heat gain during the day.

    (C) They increase the amount of sunlight indoors at noon. is incorrect because the passage does not support that detail

    (D) They are useful only in cold climates. is incorrect because the passage does not support that detail

Detail

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Gist Purpose Question
[1] Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are extremely brief yet powerful flashes of radio energy that arrive without warning from distant reaches of the cosmos. Each signal lasts only a few milliseconds, so astronomers describe them as "ephemeral" events that fade almost as soon as they are noticed. Despite their fleeting nature, the bursts release more energy than the Sun does in days. Their dispersion patterns reveal that many originate billions of light-years away, implying that whatever produces them must be extraordinarily energetic and capable of sending signals across intergalactic space.

[2] Because FRBs travel through space for such vast stretches, they carry information about the material they traverse. By measuring slight delays at different frequencies, researchers can estimate the amount of ionized gas between galaxies. Leading theories about their origin include eruptions from magnetars, collisions between neutron stars, and the evaporation of primordial black holes. Magnetars attract particular attention because occasional X-ray flares from known examples coincide with weak FRB-like pulses, hinting at a physical connection.

[3] To unravel the mystery, astronomers are assembling networks of wide-field radio telescopes. The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) already catalogs hundreds of bursts per year, while South Africa’s MeerKAT array pinpoints them to host galaxies. The forthcoming Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will boost sensitivity tenfold, enabling detection of weaker events and mapping the cosmic web with unprecedented detail. Paired with automated supercomputers, these facilities could transform FRBs from curiosities into routine tools for cosmology.
What is the purpose of the second paragraph?
  1. To describe the instruments used to detect FRBs
  2. To present major theories explaining FRB origins
  3. To compare FRBs with other cosmic explosions
  4. To summarize the history of radio astronomy

Gist Purpose Question
Gist purpose questions ask why the passage (or an entire section of it) was written. The correct answer expresses the author’s overall goal, not a small detail.
  • spellcheck Answer
    Answer: B

    (B) The correct answer is to present major theories explaining FRB origins. Paragraph 2 lists “eruptions from magnetars, collisions between neutron stars, and the evaporation of primordial black holes,” clearly outlining leading hypotheses for where FRBs come from.

    (A) Discussion of detection instruments appears in paragraph 3, not paragraph 2, so this choice is inaccurate.

    (C) The paragraph does not compare FRBs with supernovae or gamma-ray bursts; it focuses solely on possible sources.

    (D) No historical overview of radio astronomy is provided; therefore this option is irrelevant.

Gist Purpose

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Rhetorical Purpose Question
[1] Mangrove forests grow along tropical and subtropical coastlines where saltwater and tides shape the landscape. Their roots trap sediment, stabilize shorelines, and create habitat for fish and invertebrates. These forests are especially valuable where coastal communities face regular storms and erosion.

[2] Mangroves can protect shorelines in several ways, including slowing incoming water, trapping debris, and buffering wave energy. For example, dense root systems can reduce the force of water moving toward land. In the same way a woven barrier spreads out pressure, tangled roots help weaken storm surges before they reach inland areas.

[3] Scientists study mangrove forests because they provide insight into how coastal ecosystems reduce environmental risk. Research on mangroves has improved shoreline models and helped scientists estimate how clearing these forests changes flooding patterns. These studies also help researchers distinguish the protective effects of vegetation from the effects of seawalls and other infrastructure.
Why does the author mention a woven barrier in the passage?
  1. To illustrate how mangrove roots can spread out and weaken wave force
  2. To suggest that coastal engineers copy mangrove roots exactly
  3. To compare storm surges with fishing equipment
  4. To show that woven barriers are better than forests in every case

Rhetorical Purpose Question
Rhetorical purpose questions ask why the author included a specific detail, example, or phrase. The answer is not stated directly. You must connect the referenced detail to the paragraph’s main point. You will often see wording like: Why does the author mention ___?
  • spellcheck Answer
    Answer: A

    (A) The correct answer is To illustrate how mangrove roots can spread out and weaken wave force. In the passage, "In the same way a woven barrier spreads out pressure, tangled roots help weaken storm surges before they reach inland areas." shows why the author or speaker mentions that detail, so "To illustrate how mangrove roots can spread out and weaken wave force" is the best explanation of its function.

    (B) To suggest that coastal engineers copy mangrove roots exactly is incorrect because the author or speaker mentions the detail to support a different purpose, not this one

    (C) To compare storm surges with fishing equipment is incorrect because the author or speaker mentions the detail to support a different purpose, not this one

    (D) To show that woven barriers are better than forests in every case is incorrect because the author or speaker mentions the detail to support a different purpose, not this one

Rhetorical Purpose

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Vocabulary Question
[1] Some reef fish form partnerships in which small cleaner fish remove parasites and dead tissue from larger client fish. These interactions can improve the health of the clients and provide food for the cleaners. It was once assumed that such exchanges were merely routine, but researchers now recognize that they involve signals, repeated interactions, and choice.

[2] One well-known example involves cleaner wrasses and many different client species. When clients approach a cleaning station, they may slow down, hold still, or open their mouths and gill covers. These behaviors make it easier for cleaners to work efficiently while reducing the risk of injury.

[3] Researchers have also found that repeated encounters matter. Some clients return to cleaners that have treated them well in the past, while cleaners may adjust their behavior depending on who is waiting nearby. This pattern suggests that cooperation can be shaped by reputation and ongoing interaction. These findings continue to influence how scientists understand mutualism on coral reefs.
The word “routine” in the passage is closest in meaning to
  1. automatic
  2. distant
  3. rare
  4. costly

Vocabulary Question
In a vocabulary question, you choose the answer closest in meaning to a highlighted word or phrase as it is used in the passage. Focus on the sentence meaning and nearby context, not only the dictionary definition.
  • spellcheck Answers
    Answer: A

    (A) The correct answer is automatic. In the passage, "Some reef fish form partnerships in which small cleaner fish remove parasites and dead tissue from larger client fish." shows that the word is closest in meaning to "automatic".

    (B) distant is incorrect because that meaning does not fit the way the word is used in the sentence

    (C) rare is incorrect because that meaning does not fit the way the word is used in the sentence

    (D) costly is incorrect because that meaning does not fit the way the word is used in the sentence

Vocabulary

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Negative Factual Information Question
[1] Some reef fish form partnerships in which small cleaner fish remove parasites and dead tissue from larger client fish. These interactions can improve the health of the clients and provide food for the cleaners. It was once assumed that such exchanges were merely routine, but researchers now recognize that they involve signals, repeated interactions, and choice.

[2] One well-known example involves cleaner wrasses and many different client species. When clients approach a cleaning station, they may slow down, hold still, or open their mouths and gill covers. These behaviors make it easier for cleaners to work efficiently while reducing the risk of injury.

[3] Researchers have also found that repeated encounters matter. Some clients return to cleaners that have treated them well in the past, while cleaners may adjust their behavior depending on who is waiting nearby. This pattern suggests that cooperation can be shaped by reputation and ongoing interaction. These findings continue to influence how scientists understand mutualism on coral reefs.
All of the following are mentioned about cleaner fish partnerships EXCEPT:
  1. Client fish may hold still during cleaning.
  2. Cleaner fish can feed on parasites and dead tissue.
  3. Partnerships can involve repeated encounters.
  4. Client fish always remain with one cleaner for life.

Negative Factual Information Question
You can recognize a negative factual information question by the word NOT or EXCEPT. The correct answer is the choice that is not supported by the paragraph.
  • spellcheck Answer
    Answer: D

    (D) The correct answer is Client fish always remain with one cleaner for life. This question asks for the choice that is NOT mentioned or supported. The passage gives support for Client fish may hold still during cleaning.; Cleaner fish can feed on parasites and dead tissue.; Partnerships can involve repeated encounters., but it does not support "Client fish always remain with one cleaner for life."

    (A) Client fish may hold still during cleaning. is incorrect because the passage does mention this point; Some reef fish form partnerships in which small cleaner fish remove parasites and dead tissue from larger client fish.

    (B) Cleaner fish can feed on parasites and dead tissue. is incorrect because the passage does mention this point; Some reef fish form partnerships in which small cleaner fish remove parasites and dead tissue from larger client fish.

    (C) Partnerships can involve repeated encounters. is incorrect because the passage does mention this point; Some reef fish form partnerships in which small cleaner fish remove parasites and dead tissue from larger client fish.

Negative Factual Information

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Inference Question
[1] Some reef fish form partnerships in which small cleaner fish remove parasites and dead tissue from larger client fish. These interactions can improve the health of the clients and provide food for the cleaners. It was once assumed that such exchanges were merely routine, but researchers now recognize that they involve signals, repeated interactions, and choice.

[2] One well-known example involves cleaner wrasses and many different client species. When clients approach a cleaning station, they may slow down, hold still, or open their mouths and gill covers. These behaviors make it easier for cleaners to work efficiently while reducing the risk of injury.

[3] Researchers have also found that repeated encounters matter. Some clients return to cleaners that have treated them well in the past, while cleaners may adjust their behavior depending on who is waiting nearby. This pattern suggests that cooperation can be shaped by reputation and ongoing interaction. These findings continue to influence how scientists understand mutualism on coral reefs.
Which of the following is suggested about repeated interactions between cleaner fish and clients?
  1. They can influence how cooperative the interaction becomes.
  2. They prevent cleaner fish from feeding efficiently.
  3. They matter only when many reefs are damaged.
  4. They eliminate the role of signals at cleaning stations.

Inference Question
In an inference question, the correct answer is not directly stated. You must draw a logical conclusion based on information in the paragraph.
  • spellcheck Answer
    Answer: A

    (A) The correct answer is They can influence how cooperative the interaction becomes. In the passage, "It was once assumed that such exchanges were merely routine , but researchers now recognize that they involve signals, repeated interactions, and choice." supports the inference that "They can influence how cooperative the interaction becomes."

    (B) They prevent cleaner fish from feeding efficiently. is incorrect because it goes beyond what the passage suggests; the support points instead to It was once assumed that such exchanges were merely routine , but researchers now recognize that they involve signals, repeated interactions, and choice.

    (C) They matter only when many reefs are damaged. is incorrect because it goes beyond what the passage suggests; the support points instead to It was once assumed that such exchanges were merely routine , but researchers now recognize that they involve signals, repeated interactions, and choice.

    (D) They eliminate the role of signals at cleaning stations. is incorrect because it goes beyond what the passage suggests; the support points instead to It was once assumed that such exchanges were merely routine , but researchers now recognize that they involve signals, repeated interactions, and choice.

Inference

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Organization Question
[1] Mangrove forests grow along tropical and subtropical coastlines where saltwater and tides shape the landscape. Their roots trap sediment, stabilize shorelines, and create habitat for fish and invertebrates. These forests are especially valuable where coastal communities face regular storms and erosion.

[2] Mangroves can protect shorelines in several ways, including slowing incoming water, trapping debris, and buffering wave energy. For example, dense root systems can reduce the force of water moving toward land. In the same way a woven barrier spreads out pressure, tangled roots help weaken storm surges before they reach inland areas.

[3] Scientists study mangrove forests because they provide insight into how coastal ecosystems reduce environmental risk. Research on mangroves has improved shoreline models and helped scientists estimate how clearing these forests changes flooding patterns. These studies also help researchers distinguish the protective effects of vegetation from the effects of seawalls and other infrastructure.
What is the relationship between paragraphs 2 and 3?
  1. Paragraph 3 explains how scientists study the coastal effects described in paragraph 2.
  2. Paragraph 3 contradicts the storm-protection roles introduced in paragraph 2.
  3. Paragraph 3 narrows the discussion to one individual mangrove species mentioned in paragraph 2.
  4. Paragraph 3 argues that the functions in paragraph 2 are too minor to measure.

Organization Question
Organization questions ask you to understand how ideas are arranged or connected within a passage. They may focus on how information is ordered or how one paragraph relates to another.
  • spellcheck Answer
    Answer: A

    (A) The correct answer is Paragraph 3 explains how scientists study the coastal effects described in paragraph 2. The passage first says, "Mangroves can protect shorelines in several ways, including slowing incoming water, trapping debris, and buffering wave energy. For example, dense root systems can reduce the force of..." and then moves to "Scientists study mangrove forests because they provide insight into how coastal ecosystems reduce environmental risk. Research on mangroves has improved shoreline models and helped...." That matches the relationship described in the correct choice.

    (B) Paragraph 3 contradicts the storm-protection roles introduced in paragraph 2. is incorrect because the paragraphs do not relate to each other in that way

    (C) Paragraph 3 narrows the discussion to one individual mangrove species mentioned in paragraph 2. is incorrect because the paragraphs do not relate to each other in that way

    (D) Paragraph 3 argues that the functions in paragraph 2 are too minor to measure. is incorrect because the paragraphs do not relate to each other in that way

Organization

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Select in Passage Question
[1] The theory of plate tectonics explains most of the Earth’s large-scale geological features, but it cannot fully account for the presence of isolated volcanic regions known as “hotspots.” These hotspots, such as those that created the Hawaiian Islands, appear in the middle of tectonic plates rather than along their boundaries. In 1963, geophysicist J. Tuzo Wilson proposed that plumes of unusually hot mantle material rise from deep within the Earth, partially melt near the surface, and generate chains of volcanoes as the overlying plate slowly drifts above them.

[2] For decades, the plume hypothesis was accepted with little reservation. However, improvements in seismic tomography have recently revealed that some supposed plume roots are shallower than originally assumed, lying only 200–300 kilometers beneath the crust instead of originating near the core-mantle boundary. In addition, geochemical analyses of hotspot lavas sometimes resemble mid-ocean-ridge basalts rather than the chemically distinct melts expected from deep mantle sources. These findings suggest that certain hotspots may instead form when lithospheric plates stretch and thin, allowing ordinary upper-mantle rock to melt more easily. Proponents of this “plate-driven” model point to the Iceland hotspot, where divergence along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge reduces pressure on the underlying mantle and promotes extensive volcanism without invoking a deep plume.

[3] Despite the debate, many geologists suspect that both mechanisms operate, with deep plumes explaining long, linear island chains and plate-driven melting accounting for broader volcanic provinces. Resolving the controversy matters because hotspot tracks are used to reconstruct past plate motions and to infer the thermal structure of the planet’s interior. New experiments that simulate mantle convection under realistic temperature and pressure conditions, combined with satellite measurements of surface deformation, may soon clarify whether the mantle behaves as a sluggish conveyor belt carrying discrete plumes or as a dynamic layer whose melting patterns primarily reflect stresses in the overlying plates.
Click on the sentence in paragraph 2 that describes the mechanism proposed by proponents of the 'plate-driven' model for hotspot formation.

Select in Passage Question
In a select in passage question, you click on the sentence in the passage that answers the question. The correct sentence must directly support the idea asked about, not just relate to the topic.
  • spellcheck Answer
    Answer: “These findings suggest that certain hotspots may instead form when lithospheric plates stretch and thin, allowing ordinary upper-mantle rock to melt more easily.”

    (D) The correct answer is 'These findings suggest that certain hotspots may instead form when lithospheric plates stretch and thin, allowing ordinary upper-mantle rock to melt more easily.' This fourth sentence in paragraph 2 explicitly outlines the process suggested by proponents of the 'plate-driven' model, describing how plate stretching and thinning can allow for melting in the upper mantle, leading to hotspot formation.

    (A) The first sentence simply states that the plume hypothesis was accepted, not describing any alternative mechanisms.

    (B) The second sentence discusses new seismic tomography data about plume roots, not the plate-driven model's process.

    (C) The third sentence introduces geochemical findings, but it does not explain the mechanism by which plates could allow hotspot formation.

    (E) The sentence about the Iceland hotspot is incorrect because it gives an example supporting the model, not the general mechanism itself.

Select in Passage

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Complete the Words
Planetary geology studies the surfaces, interiors, and histories of worlds beyond Earth. Resea compare craters, volc, and tectonic feat to in how pla and moons cha over imm spans of time. Diff worlds pres evidence of he, impacts, and lost atmospheres. Spacecraft images allow geologists to test ideas without direct fieldwork. Field studies and comparative records continue to refine what scholars know about this subject. Comparing cases from different regions helps researchers explain why similar processes can produce different outcomes. Planetary geology shows how familiar processes can appear differently on other worlds. Additional evidence from surveys, experiments, and archives can clarify how the process changes over time.

  • spellcheck Answer
    1. rchers (Researchers)
    2. anoes (volcanoes)
    3. ures (features)
    4. fer (infer)
    5. nets (planets)
    6. nged (changed)
    7. ense (immense)
    8. erent (Different)
    9. erve (preserve)
    10. at (heat)

Complete the Words

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Cómo prepararse para el examen TOEFL Reading

La mayoría de los estudiantes no aprueban el examen TOEFL de Lectura por cualquiera de las dos razones siguientes

  1. Velocidad de lectura lenta
  2. Malas estrategias de lectura.
Cómo mejorar tu velocidad de lectura

Para mejorar tu velocidad de lectura, necesitas mejorar tu vocabulario y practicar. diseccionando oraciones. Una estrategia para diseccionar una oración es buscar el sujeto y el verbo de la oración. Encontrar el sujeto y el verbo te ayudará a comprender mejor la idea principal de dicha oración. Tenga en cuenta que una característica común de un pasaje de lectura del TOEFL es unir cadenas de ideas para formar oraciones compuestas largas. Esto produce grandes trozos que a los estudiantes les cuesta asimilar. No te dejes abrumar por su longitud, sólo busca el sujeto y el verbo, el resto de ideas fluirán. Aquí está nuestro artículo sobre "Cómo leer más rápido dividiendo frases largas". Si sigue los consejos y estrategias de este artículo, sabrá cómo leer más rápido y mejorar su puntuación de lectura del TOEFL). Alternativamente, puedes ver los siguientes 3 videos sobre cómo dividir oraciones largas.

Lección TOEFL Reading: cómo analizar oraciones largas, parte 1: desglose general
Lección TOEFL Reading: cómo analizar oraciones largas, parte 2: convertir oraciones largas en cortas
Lección TOEFL Reading: cómo analizar oraciones largas, parte 3: puntos de gramática

Otra desventaja de tener una velocidad de lectura lenta es que dificulta hojear o escanear un pasaje de lectura. El proceso de hojear rápidamente un pasaje de lectura en busca de palabras clave específicas o ideas principales es un requisito para usted. emplear estrategias de lectura exitosas para mejorar su puntaje de lectura TOEFL. En otras palabras, hojear es una habilidad fundamental para garantizar que complete todas las preguntas en el plazo asignado.

Cómo aplicar estrategias eficaces para el TOEFL Reading

Una vez que puedas leer y comprender un pasaje a un ritmo de al menos 180 palabras por minuto, estará listo para comenzar a implementar nuestras estrategias. Con demasiada frecuencia, los estudiantes dedican demasiado tiempo a leer el pasaje y no el suficiente a responder las preguntas. Con sólo aproximadamente 35 segundos por pregunta, la lectura eficiente es mucho más importante que la lectura lenta y detallada.

Hagamos los cálculos en el siguiente escenario:

  • Tres tipos de tareas: Completar las palabras, Leer en la vida diaria y Leer un pasaje académico.
  • Alrededor de entre 35 y 48 artículos en total
  • Textos extraídos de correos electrónicos/avisos/formularios y un extracto académico conciso
  • Aproximadamente 22 minutos para terminar la sección dependiendo de tu desempeño.

En la sección Lectura del TOEFL, verá varias tareas de lectura más breves y el examen está diseñado para que tenga aproximadamente 35 segundos por pregunta de término medio.

Debido a esto, no puede darse el lujo de leer lentamente o releer grandes porciones del texto. Cada pregunta debe ser manejada eficientemente dentro de ese ventana de 35 segundos.

Entonces sí, nuestra estrategia sigue siendo la misma idea: No intente comprender todo completamente antes de comenzar a responder. Lea con un propósito claro, localice la oración o idea exacta necesaria para la pregunta y continúe de inmediato.

Echemos un vistazo a la guía paso a paso para utilizar esta estrategia en las nuevas tareas de lectura del TOEFL.

  1. Lea con un objetivo, no para una comprensión total.
    Los pasajes de la sección de lectura del TOEFL son más cortos y cada pregunta le brinda información sobre 35 segundos de término medio. No leas despacio ni trates de entender cada detalle. Escanee rápidamente el texto para comprender el tema y la estructura, luego concéntrese solo en la parte necesario para responder la pregunta.
  2. Lectura centrada en preguntas.
    Lea la pregunta primero para saber qué información está buscando. Luego escanee el pasaje para localizar la oración o idea relevante. En las tareas de lectura breves, la respuesta suele encontrarse en una frase clara. Evite releer todo el texto.
  3. No te quedes estancado.
    Si una pregunta lleva demasiado tiempo, sáltala y continúa. Cada pregunta vale la misma cantidad de puntos y dedicar demasiado tiempo a una La pregunta puede perjudicar su puntuación general. Termine primero las preguntas más fáciles y luego vuelva a las más difíciles si el tiempo lo permite. (¿Quieres probar esta estrategia ahora? Realice una prueba simulada de lectura gratuita.)
Sistema de estudio en 3 pasos para el TOEFL Reading

Ahora debería tener una buena comprensión de la estructura de la prueba de la sección de lectura. y tener experiencia respondiendo preguntas de lectura utilizando la estrategia de sincronización de lectura. Es hora de comenzar tu preparación de lectura para el TOEFL. A continuación se muestra nuestro sistema de 3 pasos para prepararse para la sección de lectura del TOEFL.

Paso 1: Completa todas las lecciones de lectura del TOEFL

El paso 1 puede parecer obvio, pero es necesario. Debe completar todas nuestras lecciones de lectura TOEFL disponibles para usted. Específicamente, la estrategia y las técnicas de sincronización de lectura que se encuentran a lo largo de las lecciones de lectura. Estas técnicas le ayudarán a responder preguntas más rápido para tener más tiempo para pensar y disminuir los niveles de estrés. El estrés puede provocar un rendimiento deficiente, por lo que es importante que presente el examen preparado y con confianza.

Paso 2: ¡Practica, practica, practica!

Para el paso 2, practicará y aplicará las técnicas que aprendió utilizando nuestras prácticas de lectura TOEFL. Encontrarás todas nuestras prácticas de lectura en nuestro Banco de preguntas: Haz clic aquí para ir allí ahora. También puede utilizar nuestro software de prueba de simulación TOEFL para ayudar a mejorar aspectos como la gestión del tiempo y el estrés durante el examen TOEFL. Nuestro software de simulación de exámenes se ve y se siente idéntico a un examen TOEFL real. Ofrecemos 4 exámenes simulados TOEFL reservados y otros 15 exámenes de práctica no reservados. Las pruebas reservadas utilizan preguntas que no se encuentran en el banco de preguntas.

Cada vez que completes una práctica, nuestro software para instructores TOEFL realizará un seguimiento y registrará tu puntuación. y determina cuáles son tus fortalezas y debilidades en cada sección del TOEFL. También ofrecerá un cronograma de estudio basado en aquello en lo que necesita más ayuda.

Paso 3: aprender revisando

El paso 3 es el paso más importante. Necesitará dedicar mucho tiempo al paso 3 para mejorar. No hay ningún secreto para el éxito. Debes trabajar duro. Siga la lista a continuación para completar el paso 3:

  1. Revise y rehaga todas las preguntas en las que se equivocó, asegurándose de comprender por qué se equivocó.

    ¿Tiene problemas para entender por qué se equivocó en una pregunta?

    Pídale ayuda a uno de nuestros instructores de TOEFL utilizando nuestra función Pregunte a un instructor incluida con cada suscripción.

    Nuestra función Pregunte a un instructor le brinda la oportunidad de comunicarse con nuestros instructores de TOEFL. Puedes preguntarles cualquier cosa sobre TOEFL e inglés.

    Para hacer una pregunta, simplemente haga clic en el botón que se encuentra en cada pregunta del banco de preguntas. Nuestros instructores responderán su pregunta dentro de 1 a 3 días hábiles.
  2. Vuelva a leer los párrafos hasta que comprenda de qué se trata el pasaje.
  3. Escriba las palabras que no comprenda y aprenda lo que significan.
  4. Estudie y preste atención a las palabras de transición para ayudarle a aprender a identificar y crear relaciones entre oraciones.
  5. Si tiene dificultades con una categoría académica en particular, consulte y aprenda nuestra lista de vocabulario para esa categoría en particular. Si puedes, consigue algunas tarjetas de referencia y estúdialas todos los días. Más tarde, vuelva a la pregunta y descubrirá que ya no tiene problemas con ella.

Nuestras preguntas de práctica del TOEFL Reading

Nuestras preguntas de práctica de lectura del TOEFL fueron diseñadas para verse y sentirse idénticas al examen TOEFL oficial. Nos aseguramos de que todo fuera igual, incluida la dificultad, el formato e incluso el funcionamiento de la prueba. Si tiene curiosidad acerca de la cantidad de prácticas de lectura del TOEFL que tenemos, haga clic en el menú Práctica de TOEFL en nuestra Aplicación de tutoría de TOEFL y compruébelo usted mismo. También puedes Realizar un examen de simulación TOEFL gratuito ahora mismo.

La sección de lectura del TOEFL es la sección para la que es más fácil prepararse. Creemos que una vez que puedas dominar las estrategias de lectura mencionado anteriormente en este artículo y complete todas las prácticas de lectura TOEFL disponibles antes de su examen TOEFL, obtendrá Obtenga una puntuación alta en la sección de lectura del TOEFL.

Si necesita ayuda con el vocabulario para mejorar su velocidad de lectura, puede utilizar nuestro sistema de vocabulario que incluye:

  1. Listas de vocabulario TOEFL (Hay una minilección para cada vocabulario que le enseña cómo usar la palabra correctamente).
  2. Tarjetas de vocabulario TOEFL (lleve un registro de las palabras que conoce y las que no)
  3. Entrenamiento de vocabulario TOEFL (Ejercicios interactivos que aceleran el aprendizaje)
Qué sigue

Cree una cuenta gratuita para acceder a las siguientes lecciones básicas de lectura del TOEFL y comience su preparación para el TOEFL.

  • Introducción a la lectura del TOEFL
  • Estrategias de lectura del TOEFL para el éxito
  • Completa la pregunta de palabras
  • Pregunta detallada
  • Pregunta de propósito esencial
  • Pregunta de propósito retórico
  • Pregunta de inferencia
  • Pregunta de información factual
  • Información fáctica negativa
  • Pregunta de vocabulario
  • Pregunta de organización
  • Seleccionar en la pregunta del pasaje

Recursos gratuitos en inglés para el TOEFL Reading

Una sólida comprensión de lectura es fundamental para obtener una puntuación alta en el examen de lectura TOEFL. Utilizar nuestros recursos te ayudará a mejorar significativamente tus habilidades de lectura TOEFL, pero a veces es agradable sentarse y leer algo que no esté relacionado con TOEFL, como algo relajante que aún puede ayudarte a mejorar tu comprensión lectora general.

A continuación se muestran algunos recursos gratuitos increíbles que puede utilizar para entrenar y mantener sus habilidades de lectura TOEFL.

1. FluentU: 7 recursos sencillos de lectura en inglés

Este recurso no contiene ningún material para mejorar sus habilidades de lectura, pero lo que hace es proporcionar algunos recursos gratuitos de muy alta calidad que puedes utilizar para tu comprensión lectora. Para su información, deberá desplazarse un poco hacia abajo para llegar a la lista de recursos, pero vale la pena.

2. British Council: lee historias de nivel B2 con ejercicios

¿Has oído hablar del British Council? Ayudan a crear preguntas del examen IELTS. La página que te enlazo es una página de comprensión lectora. Al principio cuesta un poco encontrarla, así que lo que debes hacer es hacer clic en la revista o en las historias que se encuentran en la parte inferior izquierda. No tiene pérdida. No importa lo que elijas; ambas ofrecen la misma formación. Serás llevado a una nueva página donde podrás seleccionar la publicación que te interese. Dentro de ese post, podrás comenzar tu formación lectora.

3. ETS TOEFL: recursos TOEFL gratuitos y de pago

Nunca puedes equivocarte con la preparación de lectura oficial del TOEFL de los creadores del TOEFL. Desplázate hacia abajo y encontrarás algunos recursos gratuitos que seguramente te ayudarán a mejorar tu puntuación de lectura del TOEFL.

4. Wikipedia

Si hablamos de práctica de lectura del TOEFL, entonces Wikipedia merece un lugar. Básicamente, solo tiene recursos de lectura ilimitados de casi todos los temas de lectura que se te ocurran. Definitivamente tiene el 100% de los temas que aparecerán en tu examen de lectura TOEFL. Sin embargo, el único inconveniente es el La lectura puede ser un poco aburrida, pero si puedes convertirla en un ejercicio de entrenamiento de lectura, eso debería ayudarte a mantener tu atención.

Las cifras de esta página proceden de los datos de rendimiento de estudiantes TOEFL de BestMyTest, nuestros registros de práctica del TOEFL en BestMyTest hasta octubre de 2026. Esa página explica cómo medimos cada cifra. Última actualización: 15 de octubre de 2026.