BestMyLingo GMAT TOEIC IELTS TOEFL
例題付きで紹介する10の TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ

TOEFL リーディング 設問タイプ：全10種類を例題と解答で紹介

執筆： , 更新日：

今の試験には、10の TOEFL リーディング設問タイプがあります。このページでは、それぞれのタイプを例題、解答、そして解答の理由と一緒に紹介します。試験の日までに、すべてのタイプを見分けられるようになりましょう。

これらのタイプは、TOEFL Reading テストの3つの問題形式の中に出てきます。Complete the Words、Read in Daily Life、Read an Academic Passage の3つです。Read in Daily Life の文章では、主に Detail、Gist Purpose、Inference の問題が使われます。アカデミックな文章では、10種類すべてが使われます。

目次

  1. TOEFL リーディングの設問タイプはいくつある？
  2. TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ1：Detail
  3. TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ2：Gist Purpose
  4. TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ3：Rhetorical Purpose
  5. TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ4：Vocabulary
  6. TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ5：Negative Factual Information
  7. TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ6：Inference
  8. TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ7：Organization
  9. TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ8：Select in Passage
  10. TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ9：Insert a Sentence
  11. TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ10：Complete the Words
  12. TOEFL リーディングの AI Tutor があなたの結果に合わせて調整する仕組み
  13. TOEFL リーディング設問タイプの練習方法

TOEFL リーディングの設問タイプはいくつある？

TOEFL リーディングの設問タイプは10種類です。そのうち9種類は、Read in Daily Life の文章かアカデミックな文章についての選択問題、または文章の中をクリックする問題です。10種類目の Complete the Words は、それだけで独立した空欄うめの文章です。表は、BestMyTest の学習者が練習でそれぞれのタイプにどれくらい正解しているかを、難しい順に示しています。

設問タイプ練習での正答率
Select in Passage46.9%
Insert a Sentence47.6%
Rhetorical Purpose55.8%
Negative Factual Information57.7%
Inference60.6%
Vocabulary62.4%
Organization63.1%
Complete the Words（空欄ごと）65.3%
Detail74.7%
Gist Purpose82.0%
BestMyTest の学習者が今の試験の TOEFL リーディング問題に正解した割合を、設問タイプ別に難しい順に示した棒グラフ

BestMyTest の学習者にとって一番難しい4つのタイプは、Select in Passage、Insert a Sentence、Rhetorical Purpose、Negative Factual Informationです。Select in Passage は選択肢の記号がなく、文を1つクリックさせます。Insert a Sentence は選択肢の記号がなく、文を1つ入れさせます。Rhetorical Purpose は筆者がなぜその情報を入れたかをたずねます。Negative Factual Information は文章にない選択肢を1つ選ばせます。一番やさしい2つのタイプは、Gist Purpose（正答率82.0%）と Detail（74.7%）です。どちらも Read in Daily Life の文章で出ます。2026年1月に文章が短くなって、やさしくなったタイプもあります。一番大きく変わったのは Inference で、正答率は47.4%から71.7%に上がりました。新旧の TOEFL リーディング問題の比較は、リーディングのガイドで見られます。

TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ1：Detail

TOEFL Reading の Detail（詳細）問題は、文章に書かれている事実をたずねます。その事実が書かれた文を見つけて、同じことを別の言葉で言っている選択肢を選びます。Detail は Read in Daily Life の文章にもアカデミックな文章にも出ます。BestMyTest の学習者は練習で Detail 問題の74.7%に正解しています。8つのタイプがこれより難しく、1つのタイプがこれよりやさしいです。だから、点を取りやすいタイプの1つです。

Detail 問題
[1] Passive cooling architecture reduces indoor heat by relying on building design rather than heavy mechanical cooling. Features such as thick walls, shaded courtyards, and carefully placed openings can slow heat gain during the day. In some climates, these strategies make buildings more comfortable while lowering energy use.

[2] One widely used approach is to guide moving air through interior spaces. Ventilation towers, shaded passages, and high ceilings can direct breezes where they are most useful. Designers must also carefully channel air movement so that warm air leaves and cooler air enters at the right points.

[3] Although passive cooling depends on local climate and thoughtful planning, it is likely to become more important as cities search for lower-energy building strategies. For this reason, architects, engineers, and material specialists often work together when adapting traditional cooling ideas to modern construction.
Why are shaded courtyards and thick walls useful in passive cooling design?
  1. They help reduce indoor heat gain during the day.
  2. They eliminate the need for ventilation openings.
  3. They increase the amount of sunlight indoors at noon.
  4. They are useful only in cold climates.

Detail 問題
Detail 問題は、文章にはっきり書かれている情報についてたずねます。 正解は（ほのめかされているのではなく）はっきり書かれていて、多くの場合、具体的な事実、数字、説明です。
  • spellcheck Answer
    Answer: A

    (A) The correct answer is They help reduce indoor heat gain during the day. In the passage, "Features such as thick walls, shaded courtyards, and carefully placed openings can slow heat gain during the day." directly supports "They help reduce indoor heat gain during the day."

    (B) They eliminate the need for ventilation openings. is incorrect because it changes or distorts a detail from the passage; Features such as thick walls, shaded courtyards, and carefully placed openings can slow heat gain during the day.

    (C) They increase the amount of sunlight indoors at noon. is incorrect because the passage does not support that detail

    (D) They are useful only in cold climates. is incorrect because the passage does not support that detail

Detail

Learn how to answer this question in a step-by-step interactive exercise

TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ2：Gist Purpose

Gist Purpose（文章の目的）問題は、筆者が文章全体をなぜ書いたかをたずねます。主に Read in Daily Life の文章で出題され、メールやお知らせでは最初の数文に目的が書かれています。BestMyTest の学習者にとって一番やさしいタイプで、正答率は82.0%です。ひっかけは、文章の中の正しい情報を1つ繰り返しているけれど、文章が書かれた理由ではない選択肢です。

Gist Purpose 問題
[1] Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are extremely brief yet powerful flashes of radio energy that arrive without warning from distant reaches of the cosmos. Each signal lasts only a few milliseconds, so astronomers describe them as "ephemeral" events that fade almost as soon as they are noticed. Despite their fleeting nature, the bursts release more energy than the Sun does in days. Their dispersion patterns reveal that many originate billions of light-years away, implying that whatever produces them must be extraordinarily energetic and capable of sending signals across intergalactic space.

[2] Because FRBs travel through space for such vast stretches, they carry information about the material they traverse. By measuring slight delays at different frequencies, researchers can estimate the amount of ionized gas between galaxies. Leading theories about their origin include eruptions from magnetars, collisions between neutron stars, and the evaporation of primordial black holes. Magnetars attract particular attention because occasional X-ray flares from known examples coincide with weak FRB-like pulses, hinting at a physical connection.

[3] To unravel the mystery, astronomers are assembling networks of wide-field radio telescopes. The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) already catalogs hundreds of bursts per year, while South Africa’s MeerKAT array pinpoints them to host galaxies. The forthcoming Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will boost sensitivity tenfold, enabling detection of weaker events and mapping the cosmic web with unprecedented detail. Paired with automated supercomputers, these facilities could transform FRBs from curiosities into routine tools for cosmology.
What is the purpose of the second paragraph?
  1. To describe the instruments used to detect FRBs
  2. To present major theories explaining FRB origins
  3. To compare FRBs with other cosmic explosions
  4. To summarize the history of radio astronomy

Gist Purpose 問題
Gist Purpose 問題は、文章（またはその1つの部分全体）がなぜ書かれたかをたずねます。 正解は小さな情報ではなく、筆者の全体的な目的を表しています。
  • spellcheck Answer
    Answer: B

    (B) The correct answer is to present major theories explaining FRB origins. Paragraph 2 lists “eruptions from magnetars, collisions between neutron stars, and the evaporation of primordial black holes,” clearly outlining leading hypotheses for where FRBs come from.

    (A) Discussion of detection instruments appears in paragraph 3, not paragraph 2, so this choice is inaccurate.

    (C) The paragraph does not compare FRBs with supernovae or gamma-ray bursts; it focuses solely on possible sources.

    (D) No historical overview of radio astronomy is provided; therefore this option is irrelevant.

Gist Purpose

Learn how to answer this question in a step-by-step interactive exercise

TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ3：Rhetorical Purpose

Rhetorical Purpose（筆者の意図）問題は、筆者がなぜその情報を入れたかをたずねます。その情報が正しいかどうかではありません。"Why does the author mention..." のような言い方で見分けられます。その情報の役割は、たいていその前の文に書かれています。BestMyTest の学習者は、この問題の55.8%に正解しています。2つのタイプがこれより難しく、7つのタイプがこれよりやさしいです。

Rhetorical Purpose 問題
[1] Mangrove forests grow along tropical and subtropical coastlines where saltwater and tides shape the landscape. Their roots trap sediment, stabilize shorelines, and create habitat for fish and invertebrates. These forests are especially valuable where coastal communities face regular storms and erosion.

[2] Mangroves can protect shorelines in several ways, including slowing incoming water, trapping debris, and buffering wave energy. For example, dense root systems can reduce the force of water moving toward land. In the same way a woven barrier spreads out pressure, tangled roots help weaken storm surges before they reach inland areas.

[3] Scientists study mangrove forests because they provide insight into how coastal ecosystems reduce environmental risk. Research on mangroves has improved shoreline models and helped scientists estimate how clearing these forests changes flooding patterns. These studies also help researchers distinguish the protective effects of vegetation from the effects of seawalls and other infrastructure.
Why does the author mention a woven barrier in the passage?
  1. To illustrate how mangrove roots can spread out and weaken wave force
  2. To suggest that coastal engineers copy mangrove roots exactly
  3. To compare storm surges with fishing equipment
  4. To show that woven barriers are better than forests in every case

Rhetorical Purpose 問題
Rhetorical Purpose 問題は、筆者がなぜ特定の情報、例、表現を入れたかをたずねます。 答えは直接書かれていません。その情報を、段落の主な主張と結びつける必要があります。 よく見る言い方はこれです：Why does the author mention ___?
  • spellcheck Answer
    Answer: A

    (A) The correct answer is To illustrate how mangrove roots can spread out and weaken wave force. In the passage, "In the same way a woven barrier spreads out pressure, tangled roots help weaken storm surges before they reach inland areas." shows why the author or speaker mentions that detail, so "To illustrate how mangrove roots can spread out and weaken wave force" is the best explanation of its function.

    (B) To suggest that coastal engineers copy mangrove roots exactly is incorrect because the author or speaker mentions the detail to support a different purpose, not this one

    (C) To compare storm surges with fishing equipment is incorrect because the author or speaker mentions the detail to support a different purpose, not this one

    (D) To show that woven barriers are better than forests in every case is incorrect because the author or speaker mentions the detail to support a different purpose, not this one

Rhetorical Purpose

Learn how to answer this question in a step-by-step interactive exercise

TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ4：Vocabulary

Vocabulary（語彙）問題は、ハイライトされた語が文章の中でどんな意味で使われているかをたずねます。その語を前から知っている必要はありません。まわりの語がほとんどいつもヒントをくれるからです。たとえば、"or" のあとの言いかえ、"but" のあとの対比、次の文の例などです。BestMyTest の学習者は、Vocabulary 問題の62.4%に正解しています。5つのタイプがこれより難しく、4つのタイプがこれよりやさしいです。つまり、語のまわりのヒントを使えば、ちゃんと役に立ちます。

Vocabulary 問題
[1] Some reef fish form partnerships in which small cleaner fish remove parasites and dead tissue from larger client fish. These interactions can improve the health of the clients and provide food for the cleaners. It was once assumed that such exchanges were merely routine, but researchers now recognize that they involve signals, repeated interactions, and choice.

[2] One well-known example involves cleaner wrasses and many different client species. When clients approach a cleaning station, they may slow down, hold still, or open their mouths and gill covers. These behaviors make it easier for cleaners to work efficiently while reducing the risk of injury.

[3] Researchers have also found that repeated encounters matter. Some clients return to cleaners that have treated them well in the past, while cleaners may adjust their behavior depending on who is waiting nearby. This pattern suggests that cooperation can be shaped by reputation and ongoing interaction. These findings continue to influence how scientists understand mutualism on coral reefs.
The word “routine” in the passage is closest in meaning to
  1. automatic
  2. distant
  3. rare
  4. costly

Vocabulary 問題
Vocabulary 問題では、ハイライトされた語や表現が文章の中で使われている意味に一番近い選択肢を選びます。 辞書の意味だけでなく、文の意味と近くの文脈に注目しましょう。
  • spellcheck Answers
    Answer: A

    (A) The correct answer is automatic. In the passage, "Some reef fish form partnerships in which small cleaner fish remove parasites and dead tissue from larger client fish." shows that the word is closest in meaning to "automatic".

    (B) distant is incorrect because that meaning does not fit the way the word is used in the sentence

    (C) rare is incorrect because that meaning does not fit the way the word is used in the sentence

    (D) costly is incorrect because that meaning does not fit the way the word is used in the sentence

Vocabulary

Learn how to answer this question in a step-by-step interactive exercise

TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ5：Negative Factual Information

Negative Factual Information（内容不一致）問題は、文章が裏付けていない選択肢はどれかをたずねます。大文字の NOT や EXCEPT で見分けられます。3つの選択肢は、多くの場合ちがう言葉で文章の中にあり、1つだけがありません。BestMyTest の学習者はこの問題の57.7%に正解しています。3つのタイプがこれより難しく、6つのタイプがこれよりやさしいです。

Negative Factual Information 問題
[1] Some reef fish form partnerships in which small cleaner fish remove parasites and dead tissue from larger client fish. These interactions can improve the health of the clients and provide food for the cleaners. It was once assumed that such exchanges were merely routine, but researchers now recognize that they involve signals, repeated interactions, and choice.

[2] One well-known example involves cleaner wrasses and many different client species. When clients approach a cleaning station, they may slow down, hold still, or open their mouths and gill covers. These behaviors make it easier for cleaners to work efficiently while reducing the risk of injury.

[3] Researchers have also found that repeated encounters matter. Some clients return to cleaners that have treated them well in the past, while cleaners may adjust their behavior depending on who is waiting nearby. This pattern suggests that cooperation can be shaped by reputation and ongoing interaction. These findings continue to influence how scientists understand mutualism on coral reefs.
All of the following are mentioned about cleaner fish partnerships EXCEPT:
  1. Client fish may hold still during cleaning.
  2. Cleaner fish can feed on parasites and dead tissue.
  3. Partnerships can involve repeated encounters.
  4. Client fish always remain with one cleaner for life.

Negative Factual Information 問題
Negative Factual Information 問題は、NOT や EXCEPT という語で見分けられます。 正解は、段落が裏付けていない選択肢です。
  • spellcheck Answer
    Answer: D

    (D) The correct answer is Client fish always remain with one cleaner for life. This question asks for the choice that is NOT mentioned or supported. The passage gives support for Client fish may hold still during cleaning.; Cleaner fish can feed on parasites and dead tissue.; Partnerships can involve repeated encounters., but it does not support "Client fish always remain with one cleaner for life."

    (A) Client fish may hold still during cleaning. is incorrect because the passage does mention this point; Some reef fish form partnerships in which small cleaner fish remove parasites and dead tissue from larger client fish.

    (B) Cleaner fish can feed on parasites and dead tissue. is incorrect because the passage does mention this point; Some reef fish form partnerships in which small cleaner fish remove parasites and dead tissue from larger client fish.

    (C) Partnerships can involve repeated encounters. is incorrect because the passage does mention this point; Some reef fish form partnerships in which small cleaner fish remove parasites and dead tissue from larger client fish.

Negative Factual Information

Learn how to answer this question in a step-by-step interactive exercise

TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ6：Inference

Inference（推論）問題は、文章がはっきりとは言っていないけれど、ほのめかしていることをたずねます。正解は、根拠から1歩だけ進んだところにあります。"all"、"only"、"never" がある選択肢は、たいてい1歩進みすぎています。BestMyTest の学習者は、Inference 問題の60.6%に正解しています。

Inference 問題
[1] Some reef fish form partnerships in which small cleaner fish remove parasites and dead tissue from larger client fish. These interactions can improve the health of the clients and provide food for the cleaners. It was once assumed that such exchanges were merely routine, but researchers now recognize that they involve signals, repeated interactions, and choice.

[2] One well-known example involves cleaner wrasses and many different client species. When clients approach a cleaning station, they may slow down, hold still, or open their mouths and gill covers. These behaviors make it easier for cleaners to work efficiently while reducing the risk of injury.

[3] Researchers have also found that repeated encounters matter. Some clients return to cleaners that have treated them well in the past, while cleaners may adjust their behavior depending on who is waiting nearby. This pattern suggests that cooperation can be shaped by reputation and ongoing interaction. These findings continue to influence how scientists understand mutualism on coral reefs.
Which of the following is suggested about repeated interactions between cleaner fish and clients?
  1. They can influence how cooperative the interaction becomes.
  2. They prevent cleaner fish from feeding efficiently.
  3. They matter only when many reefs are damaged.
  4. They eliminate the role of signals at cleaning stations.

Inference 問題
Inference 問題では、正解は直接書かれていません。 段落の情報をもとに、筋の通った結論を導く必要があります。
  • spellcheck Answer
    Answer: A

    (A) The correct answer is They can influence how cooperative the interaction becomes. In the passage, "It was once assumed that such exchanges were merely routine , but researchers now recognize that they involve signals, repeated interactions, and choice." supports the inference that "They can influence how cooperative the interaction becomes."

    (B) They prevent cleaner fish from feeding efficiently. is incorrect because it goes beyond what the passage suggests; the support points instead to It was once assumed that such exchanges were merely routine , but researchers now recognize that they involve signals, repeated interactions, and choice.

    (C) They matter only when many reefs are damaged. is incorrect because it goes beyond what the passage suggests; the support points instead to It was once assumed that such exchanges were merely routine , but researchers now recognize that they involve signals, repeated interactions, and choice.

    (D) They eliminate the role of signals at cleaning stations. is incorrect because it goes beyond what the passage suggests; the support points instead to It was once assumed that such exchanges were merely routine , but researchers now recognize that they involve signals, repeated interactions, and choice.

Inference

Learn how to answer this question in a step-by-step interactive exercise

TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ7：Organization

Organization（文章の構成）問題は、文章の2つの部分がどうつながっているかをたずねます。たとえば、第3段落が第2段落とどう関係しているかです。それぞれの部分の主な内容と、そのつながりをつかむ必要があります。たとえば、問題とその解決策、または主張とそれへの反論です。BestMyTest の学習者は、Organization 問題の63.1%に正解しています。

Organization 問題
[1] Mangrove forests grow along tropical and subtropical coastlines where saltwater and tides shape the landscape. Their roots trap sediment, stabilize shorelines, and create habitat for fish and invertebrates. These forests are especially valuable where coastal communities face regular storms and erosion.

[2] Mangroves can protect shorelines in several ways, including slowing incoming water, trapping debris, and buffering wave energy. For example, dense root systems can reduce the force of water moving toward land. In the same way a woven barrier spreads out pressure, tangled roots help weaken storm surges before they reach inland areas.

[3] Scientists study mangrove forests because they provide insight into how coastal ecosystems reduce environmental risk. Research on mangroves has improved shoreline models and helped scientists estimate how clearing these forests changes flooding patterns. These studies also help researchers distinguish the protective effects of vegetation from the effects of seawalls and other infrastructure.
What is the relationship between paragraphs 2 and 3?
  1. Paragraph 3 explains how scientists study the coastal effects described in paragraph 2.
  2. Paragraph 3 contradicts the storm-protection roles introduced in paragraph 2.
  3. Paragraph 3 narrows the discussion to one individual mangrove species mentioned in paragraph 2.
  4. Paragraph 3 argues that the functions in paragraph 2 are too minor to measure.

Organization 問題
Organization 問題では、文章の中で考えがどう並べられ、どうつながっているかを理解する必要があります。情報の順番や、1つの段落がほかの段落とどう関係しているかが問われることがあります。
  • spellcheck Answer
    Answer: A

    (A) The correct answer is Paragraph 3 explains how scientists study the coastal effects described in paragraph 2. The passage first says, "Mangroves can protect shorelines in several ways, including slowing incoming water, trapping debris, and buffering wave energy. For example, dense root systems can reduce the force of..." and then moves to "Scientists study mangrove forests because they provide insight into how coastal ecosystems reduce environmental risk. Research on mangroves has improved shoreline models and helped...." That matches the relationship described in the correct choice.

    (B) Paragraph 3 contradicts the storm-protection roles introduced in paragraph 2. is incorrect because the paragraphs do not relate to each other in that way

    (C) Paragraph 3 narrows the discussion to one individual mangrove species mentioned in paragraph 2. is incorrect because the paragraphs do not relate to each other in that way

    (D) Paragraph 3 argues that the functions in paragraph 2 are too minor to measure. is incorrect because the paragraphs do not relate to each other in that way

Organization

Learn how to answer this question in a step-by-step interactive exercise

TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ8：Select in Passage

Select in Passage（文の選択）問題には、選択肢の記号がありません。示された段落の中の1つの文をクリックします。その文が、質問全体に答えていなければなりません。いくつかの文がトピックに触れていますが、聞かれている情報を正確に伝えているのは1つだけです。BestMyTest の学習者はこの問題の46.9%に正解しています。これは10のタイプすべての中で一番低い正答率です。だから、この問題は時間をかけて解きましょう。

Select in Passage 問題
[1] The theory of plate tectonics explains most of the Earth’s large-scale geological features, but it cannot fully account for the presence of isolated volcanic regions known as “hotspots.” These hotspots, such as those that created the Hawaiian Islands, appear in the middle of tectonic plates rather than along their boundaries. In 1963, geophysicist J. Tuzo Wilson proposed that plumes of unusually hot mantle material rise from deep within the Earth, partially melt near the surface, and generate chains of volcanoes as the overlying plate slowly drifts above them.

[2] For decades, the plume hypothesis was accepted with little reservation. However, improvements in seismic tomography have recently revealed that some supposed plume roots are shallower than originally assumed, lying only 200–300 kilometers beneath the crust instead of originating near the core-mantle boundary. In addition, geochemical analyses of hotspot lavas sometimes resemble mid-ocean-ridge basalts rather than the chemically distinct melts expected from deep mantle sources. These findings suggest that certain hotspots may instead form when lithospheric plates stretch and thin, allowing ordinary upper-mantle rock to melt more easily. Proponents of this “plate-driven” model point to the Iceland hotspot, where divergence along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge reduces pressure on the underlying mantle and promotes extensive volcanism without invoking a deep plume.

[3] Despite the debate, many geologists suspect that both mechanisms operate, with deep plumes explaining long, linear island chains and plate-driven melting accounting for broader volcanic provinces. Resolving the controversy matters because hotspot tracks are used to reconstruct past plate motions and to infer the thermal structure of the planet’s interior. New experiments that simulate mantle convection under realistic temperature and pressure conditions, combined with satellite measurements of surface deformation, may soon clarify whether the mantle behaves as a sluggish conveyor belt carrying discrete plumes or as a dynamic layer whose melting patterns primarily reflect stresses in the overlying plates.
Click on the sentence in paragraph 2 that describes the mechanism proposed by proponents of the 'plate-driven' model for hotspot formation.

Select in Passage 問題
Select in Passage 問題では、質問に答えている文章の中の文をクリックします。 正しい文は、トピックに関係しているだけでなく、聞かれている考えを直接裏付けていなければなりません。
  • spellcheck Answer
    Answer: “These findings suggest that certain hotspots may instead form when lithospheric plates stretch and thin, allowing ordinary upper-mantle rock to melt more easily.”

    (D) The correct answer is 'These findings suggest that certain hotspots may instead form when lithospheric plates stretch and thin, allowing ordinary upper-mantle rock to melt more easily.' This fourth sentence in paragraph 2 explicitly outlines the process suggested by proponents of the 'plate-driven' model, describing how plate stretching and thinning can allow for melting in the upper mantle, leading to hotspot formation.

    (A) The first sentence simply states that the plume hypothesis was accepted, not describing any alternative mechanisms.

    (B) The second sentence discusses new seismic tomography data about plume roots, not the plate-driven model's process.

    (C) The third sentence introduces geochemical findings, but it does not explain the mechanism by which plates could allow hotspot formation.

    (E) The sentence about the Iceland hotspot is incorrect because it gives an example supporting the model, not the general mechanism itself.

Select in Passage

Learn how to answer this question in a step-by-step interactive exercise

TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ9：Insert a Sentence

Insert a Sentence（文の挿入）問題では、新しい文が1つと、段落の中に4つの四角が示されます。その文が入る四角をクリックします。その文は、前の文から自然に続き、次の文へつながっていなければなりません。BestMyTest の学習者は、この問題の47.6%に正解しています。1つのタイプがこれより難しく、8つのタイプがこれよりやさしいです。

Insert a Sentence 問題
[1] Spider silk is one of the most remarkable biological materials known to scientists. Different kinds of silk can be strong, flexible, lightweight, or sticky, depending on how a spider uses them. These fibers help spiders build webs, wrap prey, protect eggs, and move safely through their surroundings.

[2] One familiar type is dragline silk, which many spiders use as a structural thread in webs and as a safety line while climbing. Other silk strands are designed to capture prey by stretching easily and holding insects in place. Because spiders can produce several kinds of silk, they are able to use different fibers for different tasks.

[3] Researchers are studying spider silk proteins to develop new materials for medicine and engineering. [A] Some scientists hope to create fibers that mimic spider silk's combination of strength and flexibility for use in sutures, protective fabrics, and lightweight equipment. [B] Because natural spider silk is difficult to collect in large quantities, researchers are also testing ways to produce similar proteins in laboratories. [C] The study of spider silk not only improves our understanding of animal materials but also encourages practical innovation in many fields. [D]

There are four locations [▪] in the passage that indicate where the following sentence could be added.

Where would the sentence best fit? Select a location [▪] to add the sentence to the passage.

Those possible uses are especially attractive for devices that require both low weight and high durability.


Insert a Sentence 問題
Insert a Sentence 問題では、新しい文が1つと、段落の中に4つの四角が示されます。その文が入る四角をクリックします。 その文は、前の文から自然に続き、次の文へつながっていなければなりません。
  • spellcheck Answer
    Answer: B [B]

    (B) The correct answer is Position B. The inserted sentence is "Those possible uses are especially attractive for devices that require both low weight and high durability." and it fits best in paragraph 3 because it fits the transition from "Researchers are studying spider silk proteins to develop new materials for medicine and engineering." to "Some scientists hope to create fibers that mimic spider silk's combination of strength and flexibility for use in sutures, protective fabrics, and lightweight equipment."

    (A) Position A is incorrect because that position is too early, before the paragraph introduces the idea this sentence depends on

    (C) Position C is incorrect because that position is too late, after the paragraph has already moved on to a later point

    (D) Position D is incorrect because that position is too late, after the paragraph has already moved on to a later point

Insert a Sentence

Learn how to answer this question in a step-by-step interactive exercise

TOEFL リーディング設問タイプ10：Complete the Words

Complete the Words（単語の完成）は、問題形式でもあり、設問タイプでもあります。短いアカデミックな文章で、10の語の後ろ半分の文字が抜けています。あなたは抜けている文字を入力します。BestMyTest の学習者は空欄の65.3%に正解していて、1つの空欄に約12秒かけています。TOEFL Complete the Words のガイドでは、8種類の抜けている語と、かけるべき時間を説明しています。

Complete the Words
Planetary geology studies the surfaces, interiors, and histories of worlds beyond Earth. Resea compare craters, volc, and tectonic feat to in how pla and moons cha over imm spans of time. Diff worlds pres evidence of he, impacts, and lost atmospheres. Spacecraft images allow geologists to test ideas without direct fieldwork. Field studies and comparative records continue to refine what scholars know about this subject. Comparing cases from different regions helps researchers explain why similar processes can produce different outcomes. Planetary geology shows how familiar processes can appear differently on other worlds. Additional evidence from surveys, experiments, and archives can clarify how the process changes over time.

  • spellcheck Answer
    1. rchers (Researchers)
    2. anoes (volcanoes)
    3. ures (features)
    4. fer (infer)
    5. nets (planets)
    6. nged (changed)
    7. ense (immense)
    8. erent (Different)
    9. erve (preserve)
    10. at (heat)

Complete the Words

Learn how to answer this question in a step-by-step interactive exercise

TOEFL リーディングの AI Tutor があなたの結果に合わせて調整する仕組み

このページの練習問題は、上の例題を練習するためのものです。プレミアムコースでは、AI Tutor があなた自身の解答で同じことをします。あなたが一番よくまちがえる設問タイプを見つけて、それぞれに短い練習問題を出します。どの練習問題も、あなたがまちがえた問題から始まります。だから、点を落としたまさにそのステップを練習できます。解答がよくなると、AI Tutor はそのスキルを完了にして、次の苦手なところに進みます。ライティングとスピーキングでは、あなた自身のメール、投稿、話した解答に AI のフィードバックもくれます。

TOEFL リーディング設問タイプの練習方法

それぞれの設問タイプを本番と同じような文章で練習しましょう。そして、まちがえた問題はすべて見直して、解説を読みましょう。BestMyTest の練習問題には、すべての問題に設問タイプが表示されています。また、それぞれの模試のスコアレポートにはタイプ別の結果が出るので、10のタイプのうち次にどれを練習すればいいかが分かります。

無料アカウントを作ると、10の設問タイプそれぞれのレッスンを開けます。どのタイプにも、解き方の戦略と練習問題があります。

このページの数字は、BestMyTest での TOEFL 練習の 2026年10月 までの記録であるBestMyTest TOEFL 学習者パフォーマンスデータによるものです。それぞれの数字の測り方はそのページで説明しています。最終更新：2026年10月15日。

TOEFLのリソース

TOEFL Templates

TOEFL Question Types

TOEFL Reviews

TOEFL学習プラットフォーム

TOEFL Rubrics

TOEFL単語トレーニング

英語学習

Popular Videos

Check out our YouTube channel for more TOEFL preparation videos
BestMyTest on YouTube