TOEIC Vocabulary - airport %26 airline

An airline is a business that operates regular services for carrying passengers and/or goods by aircraft

• Excuse me. I would like to book a flight to Berlin next week. Which airline do you suggest I fly with?

• I don't like flying on low-cost airlines because you don't get to choose seats when booking the flight.

• These days, you can fly around the world on a budget airline.

• The airline has ordered eight new commuter planes to replace a dozen aging carriers.

• The tourism industry is seeing demand spike after the pandemic slump. Everyone seems to be traveling and airlines are struggling to keep up with this surge in demand.

• Some data suggest that air travel in summer 2022 is pretty comparable to summer 2019. Many airlines have preemptively cut flights going into the summer, some as much as 10% of their schedule. Some airlines have even ultimately ended service to some cities. And it seems like one of the biggest reasons is staffing issues.

An arrivals lounge is a designated area within an airport where arriving passengers can relax, meet with people who have come to pick them up, or wait for further transportation. These lounges are equipped with various amenities to provide comfort and convenience to travelers after their journey.

• Jane, I'll meet you in the arrivals lounge. I'll be holding a sign to tell you I'm looking for you.

• The arrivals lounge was crowded with families waiting for their loved ones.

• She checked the information board in the arrivals lounge to find out when her friend's flight would land.

The noun "baggage" or “baggage' refers to the bags, suitcases, and personal belongings that travelers carry with them on a journey. It can include everything from clothing and toiletries to books and electronic devices. In a broader sense.

• Do you have any baggage to check in?

• We have to pay extra for our excess baggage.

• How many pieces of luggage do you have with you?

• Never leave your luggage unattended.

• If YVR Airport is your final destination and you have checked luggage, go to the baggage claim area and look for the carousel that corresponds to your flight. Please note that in some cases, two flights may share the same carousel.

A boarding gate is the area at an airport where passengers wait before they board their airplane. It is typically marked with a gate number and is located within the terminal. Passengers must show their boarding pass and sometimes undergo additional security checks at the gate before they can enter the jet bridge or walk out to the aircraft. The gate is the final checkpoint where airline staff ensure that only authorized passengers board the specific flight. It is also where last-minute announcements regarding the flight, such as delays or gate changes, are communicated to passengers.

• Excuse me. Could you please tell me where the A6 boarding gate is?

• What time should I go to the boarding gate?
  
  

A boarding pass is a document provided by an airline during check-in, granting a passenger permission to enter the secure area of an airport and to board the airplane for a particular flight. It typically includes the passenger's name, flight number, departure time, and gate number.

• Sir, this is your boarding pass. You will be boarding at gate 22 at 6:35 p.m.

• May I see your passport and boarding pass, please?
  
  

The word "book" can function both as a noun and a verb. As a noun, it refers to a set of written, printed, or blank pages fastened together along one side and encased between protective covers. In other words, a physical or electronic volume where text, images, or both are stored. As a verb, "book" means to make a reservation or appointment for something, such as a seat on a flight, a table at a restaurant, or a hotel room. ​

• I'd like to book a return ticket to Paris, please.

• Hi, I'd like to book a one-way ticket to Hong Kong.

• Hello. I'd like to book a round-trip ticket from Seoul to Shanghai. I would like to leave on the morning of July 22 and return on the afternoon of July 29.

• Now a lot of people book their flight tickets on Expedia.com.

• My wife always book flights online.

• They booked two seats at the theater.

• I booked a table at our favorite restaurant.

The phrase “be fully booked/be booked up/be booked solid” means all seats, rooms, tickets have been booked already

• The flight was fully booked.

• The hotel was all booked up for the week.

• The Mongolian restaurant is all booked up that day. So I booked a room at the Red Dragon Chinese Restaurant for 6:30 p.m. 

• The hotel was booked solid all of December.

• The manager ran a new promotion, and we are booked solid for tonight.

• The hotel was booked solid for the conference.

• The restaurant was fully booked for a wedding.

“Book”, as a noun, refers to a set of written, printed, or blank pages fastened together along one side and encased between protective covers. 

• I finished reading that book last night.

• She has a large collection of books on various subjects.

The term "business class" refers to a category of service in the travel industry, particularly in airlines, that offers higher quality and comfort than economy class but is generally less luxurious than first class. Business class amenities typically include larger seats, more legroom, enhanced meal services, and additional privacy. This category is popular among business travelers who need to work or rest during their journey. Business class services are also available in other modes of transportation, such as trains and ships.

• We'd like to invite all our passengers flying business class to start boarding.

• They always fly business class.

• I had the chance to fly EVA Air's business class a year ago when I was moving from Toronto to Shanghai, and I was blown away by the quality of the food and service.

• The new Lufthansa Business Class seat can be converted into a fully flat bed that is almost two meters long—just the thing for relaxing during a long-haul flight.

The phrase "check in" is used in various contexts where an individual needs to register or make their presence known at a specific location. This can be for lodging, such as in hotels, or for services such as flights, where passengers must confirm their attendance and receive boarding information. The process usually involves verifying personal details and receiving some form of confirmation or key to access services.

Check in = arrive and register at an airport.

• There are a few passengers who still haven't checked in, so we may be able to get you on the flight.

• Passengers are requested to check in two hours before the flight.

• I was just about to check in when I realized I'd left my passport at home.

Check in = leave baggage at the ticket counter and it will be transported in the cargo hold at the airport

• How many bags are you checking in today?

• Do you have any luggage you'd like to check in?

Check in/into a hotel/room = arrive and register at a hotel. 

• It was late when we arrived in Vancouver, so we checked into a hotel near the airport. 

• When we had checked in, the receptionist gave us our keycard.

• Guests must be 18 years or older with valid identification to reserve and check into a room.

Check in =  report the progress or status in a workplace

• Please remember to check in with your supervisor by the end of each day.

Check out  = leave a hotel after paying and returning your room key

• We checked out (of the hotel) at 5 a.m. to catch a 7 a.m. flight.

• Guests who check out (of the hotel) prior to their scheduled departure date are subject to an early departure fee of one night.

• May I settle my bill, please? I'd like to check out.

• Please remember to leave your room keys at reception when you check out.

• Most hotels require that travelers check out by 11 a.m. or noon, so housekeepers have time to clean rooms for the next guest. If you need a little extra time, call the front desk as far in advance as you can and see if they can accommodate you.

Check out  = helps customers pay the bill and get the goods they buy at a store

If a cashier checks you out, you pay the bill and leave at a store.

• I'm about to check out—is there anything else you needed from the store?

• The cashier checked out and bagged my order.

• Ted works nights at a big supermarket, checking out groceries, stacking shelves, and restocking freezers.

• The cashier is checking me out right now, so I'll be out to the car in a minute.

Checkout lanes = a line of customers waiting to pay at a checkout counter.

• Retailers use people counting sensors at entrances and above checkout lanes to accurately capture analytics to determine how many customers are in a store at any given time.

Check out something/someone = Check something/someone out = find out information about them to make sure that everything is correct or satisfactory.

• The mechanic carefully checked out the car for defects.

• He had problems with his computer and asked the technician to check it out.

• I heard a strange noise, so I went downstairs to check it out.

• We'll have to check him out before we employ him.

• For more information, check out this video.

• Stella and I are going to the mall to check out that new clothing store. 

• If you liked that movie, you should check out the director's other films. 

The term "departure lounge" refers to a specific area within an airport where passengers can relax and wait before boarding their flights. These lounges often feature amenities such as seating areas, restrooms, food services, and sometimes even shops. They serve as a comfortable and convenient space for travelers to gather and prepare for their journey.

• All passengers flying to Istanbul are kindly requested to go to the departures lounge.

• Passengers flying out of Stansted Airport this summer will be greeted by a brand-new departures lounge featuring an array of new retail stores and food and beverage outlets.

• We spent an hour in the departure lounge waiting for our flight.

• The departure lounge was equipped with comfortable seating and free Wi-Fi.

The term "economy class" refers to the most basic category of seating on commercial airlines, characterized by more compact seating arrangements and fewer amenities compared to higher classes such as business or first class. It is the most affordable section of the airplane, designed to accommodate more passengers at a lower cost. Economy class is often chosen by travelers looking to minimize expenses while still reaching their destination.

• I'd like to book an economy class ticket to New York for next Friday.

• First-class plane tickets can cost as much as 70% more than economy airfare, and even more for international flights.
  
  

The word "flight" primarily refers to the act of flying, typically through the air, as with birds, insects, or aircraft. It can also denote a journey made by air, particularly by an airplane, or metaphorically to describe a swift movement or escape.

• What time does the flight leave?

• All flights to New York today are delayed because of bad weather.

• Here is your passport and boarding pass, Sir. Your flight departs from gate 32 and your seat is 10A. Boarding will commence at 12:30 p.m. Enjoy your flight.

• Long-haul flights can take their toll on your body. When you're sitting upright and not regularly moving over a long period of time, muscles can become tense and stiff, fluid may collect around your feet causing swelling, and blood circulation may decrease.

• I'll never forget my first flight.

• You'll be there before you know it. Safe flight!

• It was a short, smooth flight, with only a few bumps.

• After spending 12 hours on a bumpy flight, I finally landed in Vancouver.

• I am flying to Korea tomorrow. 

• Even though there was a lot of traffic, I still managed to catch my flight. I'm pleased I didn't miss the plane!

• I have a flight to catch tomorrow morning. I have to be at the airport 2 hours early to go through security.
  
  

The word "land" can refer to the solid surface of the earth that is not covered by water, often used to discuss ownership or types of terrain. As a verb, it describes the act of coming to shore from water or descending from the air to the ground.

• Good afternoon passengers. This is your captain speaking. We are expecting to land in Tokyo approximately seven minutes late behind schedule. 

• Attention, passengers. This is your captain speaking. We have now landed in Vancouver. The local time is 6:43 p.m., and the temperature is 19°C. Please remain seated with your seat belt fastened until we reach the gate. You may use your cell phone at this time. 

• They own a large piece of land in the countryside.

• After a long voyage, the sailors were happy to land.

The noun "baggage" or “baggage' refers to the bags, suitcases, and personal belongings that travelers carry with them on a journey. It can include everything from clothing and toiletries to books and electronic devices. In a broader sense.

• Do you have any baggage to check in?

• We have to pay extra for our excess baggage.

• How many pieces of luggage do you have with you?

• Never leave your luggage unattended.

• If YVR Airport is your final destination and you have checked luggage, go to the baggage claim area and look for the carousel that corresponds to your flight. Please note that in some cases, two flights may share the same carousel.
  
  

A one-way ticket refers to a type of travel ticket that allows the holder to travel from one location to another without including a return trip. It is typically used in various modes of transportation such as trains, buses, and airplanes. Purchasing a one-way ticket is common among travelers who do not have a fixed schedule for returning, are moving permanently, or are continuing their journey to other destinations. 

• Hi, I'd like to book a one-way ticket to Hong Kong.

• Alvin bought a one-way ticket to Las Vegas at the Greyhound station.

The term "plane" can refer to different concepts depending on the context. In aeronautics, a plane, short for airplane, is a powered flying vehicle with fixed wings and a weight greater than that of the air it displaces. Planes are used for the transportation of people and goods across various distances. In mathematics, a plane is a flat, two-dimensional surface  that extends infinitely in all directions. It is characterized by having length and width but no thickness, and it is one of the basic concepts in geometry. In everyday language, "plane" can also simply refer to a level or flat surface. 

• How are you getting to London? I am taking a plane.

• I am flying to Korea tomorrow.

• I'm on my way to the airport to catch a plane that leaves in an hour.

• I have a flight to catch tomorrow morning. I have to be at the airport 2 hours early to go through security.

• I hate traveling by plane.

• He has never traveled by plane.

A round-trip ticket is a type of travel ticket that allows a passenger to travel from one location to another and then return to the original departure point. This ticket is commonly used for air travel, train journeys, and long-distance bus routes, among other modes of transportation. Purchasing a round-trip ticket is often more cost-effective compared to buying two one-way tickets for the same destinations. It is ideal for travelers who have a fixed return date and destination, as it simplifies travel arrangements and sometimes offers additional benefits like discounted fares or reserved seating for both segments of the journey. 

• Hello. I'd like to purchase a round-trip ticket from Seoul to Shanghai. I would like to leave on the morning of July 22 and return on the afternoon of July 29.

• Frequent flyer programs can help you earn free flights, for example, you can earn a free round-trip ticket by accumulating 25,000 miles.

• I booked an open-ended round-trip ticket to Tokyo and I haven't made my return reservation.

"Take off" is a versatile phrase commonly used in English. In the context of aviation, it refers to the moment when an airplane leaves the ground and begins to fly. It can also refer to the rapid growth or success of something, such as a business or a trend. Additionally, it can mean to remove something, typically an article of clothing. The meaning of "take off" depends largely on the context in which it is used, making it a useful and frequently employed verb in everyday language.

• The plane is scheduled to take off at 7 PM.

• He decided to take off his coat as the room was getting warmer.

• Her business really took off after her appearance on the TV show. 

The word “airfare” refers to the price of a flight ticket.

• Round-trip airfare from Miami to Santiago is $837.

• Nowadays, many travel agent websites allow people to look at multiple airlines' schedules and up-to-the-minute airfares.

• While airfares might skyrocket the closer you get to a holiday, they are generally cheaper if you travel on the actual holiday. In fact, Thanksgiving and Christmas Day are two of the most economical times to fly—even if you book flights at the last minute.

An attendant is someone whose job is to assist, serve, or take care of another person or a group, often in a specific setting. This role can vary widely depending on the context, including settings such as flights, where they are known as flight attendants, or in large buildings or events, where they might manage facilities or assist guests. 

• Michelle has five years of experience as a flight attendant.

• Being a flight attendant opens up a lot of opportunities to discover the world. The lifestyle is ideal for anyone who doesn't like routine.

• During boarding, one of my jobs as a flight attendant is to help passengers stow their bags.

• The flight attendants will begin serving beverages after take-off. Thank you.

• Please present this ticket with your payment to the parking attendant when you return to pick up your vehicle.

A baggage cart is a wheeled vehicle used primarily in travel hubs such as airports and train stations to make transporting luggage easier. These carts can be rented or provided for free, depending on the facility, and are designed to handle a significant amount of weight. They are especially useful for travelers with multiple bags or for those who may have difficulty carrying heavy items.

• People can use the baggage carts at this airport for free.

• We loaded our suitcases onto a baggage cart at the airport.

• Please return the baggage cart to the designated area after use.

• The hotel provides a baggage cart to help guests with their luggage.

The term "baggage claim" refers to the area within an airport where passengers retrieve their checked luggage after a flight. This area usually features a series of conveyor belts or carousels that deliver the bags from the aircraft to the passengers. Signs and monitors help guide passengers to the correct carousel corresponding to their flight. It's a crucial spot for ensuring travelers receive their bags before leaving the airport.

• Excuse me. Where is the baggage claim (area)?

• I only had carry-on bags so I didn't need to wait in baggage claim.

• You can pick up your luggage at the baggage claim carousel number 3.

• I'd like to file a missing luggage report. Where is the baggage claim counter for EVA Air?

• After landing, we headed straight to the baggage claim area to collect our suitcases.

The noun "booking" refers to an arrangement you make to have a hotel room, tickets, etc. at a particular time in the future

• We made the booking three months ago.

• Brad was away so we had to cancel the booking.

• We are an online booking agency for hotels, villas and apartments in Morocco.

The term "check-in"  refers to the process of registering one's presence at a particular location or event. For instance, in the context of air travel, "check-in" involves confirming one's attendance on a flight, which may include verifying personal details, submitting luggage, and receiving a boarding pass. In a hotel setting, "check-in" denotes the process of registering as a guest and gaining access to a room. 

• When we got to the airport there was a long line at the check-in.

• Excuse me, where is the American Airlines check-in counter?

• When is check-in?

• After check-in, please proceed to Gate 26.

• Hotel amenities include complimentary shuttle service, fitness center, spa, swimming pool, on-site parking, express check-in and complimentary breakfast.

Additionally, "check-in" can also mean a regular update or report in various scenarios, such as a workplace or during a project, where individuals report their progress or status. 

• We have a weekly check-in to discuss project updates and any roadblocks.

• During the conference, there will be daily check-ins at the information desk.

The term "customs" refers to the official procedures and regulations that governments enforce on the import and export of goods into and out of a country. Customs authorities monitor and control the flow of goods across borders to ensure that applicable laws are followed, including the collection of tariffs and the enforcement of trade policies.

• When you are at customs, the customs officer will look at your passport.

• Generally, you'll have to go through customs when you arrive in a country that is different from the one your flight departed from.

• We went through customs at the airport without any difficulty.

• It took us a long time to clear customs at the border.

"Flight time" refers to the duration a flight takes from the moment it takes off until it lands at its destination. This term is crucial for planning travel schedules and is often used by airlines and passengers to estimate the total travel time. Factors like weather conditions and air traffic can influence the actual flight time.

• Today's total flight time is nine hours and twenty minutes. The weather in Singapore today is cloudy and muggy, at 29 degrees celsius. 

• We are en route to Dubai, and our estimated flight time is approximately nine and a half hours.

Lug is a verb that describes the action of carrying or dragging something heavy with great effort. It often implies a degree of difficulty and exertion, suggesting that the object being moved is cumbersome or unwieldy. This term is commonly used in everyday English to describe situations where physical effort is required to move something from one place to another.

• He lugged his suitcase down the stairs.

• I'm exhausted after lugging these suitcases all the way across the city.

• I've been lugging around a heavy camera I borrowed from Elijah, but I haven't had time to use it.

• I had to lug my suitcase up three flights of stairs.

• He lugged the heavy box into the garage.

• She lugged her groceries all the way home. 

An overhead compartment is a storage area located above the seats in an airplane, train, or bus. It is designed to hold passengers' carry-on luggage and personal items securely during a journey. These compartments ensure that the cabin remains uncluttered, providing more space and safety for passengers. The dimensions and weight limits of items that can be stored in these compartments vary by airline and type of vehicle. It is essential for passengers to follow these guidelines to avoid any safety hazards.

• The overhead bins are first-come, first-served.

• Sometimes you might have to put your bag in an overhead bin far away from you.

• Should the cabin lose pressure, oxygen masks will drop from the overhead compartment. Please place the mask over your own mouth and nose before assisting others.

• Joyce took her things from the overhead compartment and waited for the cabin door to open.

The term "rebook" refers to the action of booking again or making a new reservation for something that was previously booked. This can apply to various scenarios such as flights, hotel rooms, or event tickets. Rebooking is often necessary when the original plans are changed due to unforeseen circumstances like cancellations, scheduling conflicts, or personal changes in plans. 

• Can I rebook a flight without being charged if my flight has been canceled because of bad weather?

• How do I rebook if my Airbnb host cancels on me?

• If you miss your flight, the airline is not obligated to rebook you on the next available flight.

• My original flight was canceled, but I was rebooked on a different flight.

The term "take-off" primarily refers to the phase in aviation where an aircraft transitions from being on the ground to flying in the air. This process involves the aircraft accelerating along the runway until it reaches sufficient speed to generate lift, allowing it to ascend and leave the ground. The term can also metaphorically apply to projects or careers beginning or launching with momentum. Additionally, "take-off" is used in construction to describe the process of calculating the materials needed for a project. 

• Seat belts must remain fastened until after take-off.

• Ladies and gentlemen, welcome onboard Flight 4C7 with service from London to Singapore. We are currently third in line for take-off and are expected to be in the air in approximately seven minutes. 

A waitlist is a list of individuals who are waiting for an opportunity to access or participate in something, typically due to a limitation in availability. This concept is often used in various contexts such as education, where students may be placed on a waitlist for courses that are full, or in healthcare, where patients might be waitlisted for medical procedures or treatments. Waitlists are also common in housing, events, and product releases. Being on a waitlist does not guarantee access but places the individual in a queue where they might gain access if space becomes available or conditions change. 

• Flights leaving for New York are full until 7th January. Luckily, I am waitlisted on 2nd January.

• I'm sorry we don't have an opening in that class right now. If you'd like, I can put you on the waitlist.

An aircraft is a vehicle designed to travel through the air. There are various types of aircraft, including airplanes, helicopters, gliders, and hot air balloons, each with its own unique design and purpose. 

• Please remember to take all your personal possessions with you when you leave the aircraft.

• For your safety, please remain seated until the aircraft has come to a full stop and the "Fasten Seat Belt" sign has been turned off. 

• Alliance Air recently took delivery of a Dornier 228 aircraft to expand its footprint further into the regional market of the country. The made-in-India airplane is expected to start commercial operations in a few days, connecting towns in the North East region of India.

• China's civilian aviation authority ordered all Chinese airlines to temporarily ground their Boeing 737 Max 8 planes Monday after one of the aircraft crashed in Ethiopia. The crash in Ethiopia renewed safety questions about the newest version of Boeing's popular 737 airliner since the plane was new and the weather was clear at the time.

An airliner is a type of aircraft designed primarily for transporting large numbers of passengers. Airliners are operated by airlines and are the most common type of aircraft used for long-distance travel.

• Boeing's 737 airliner is the best-selling airliner in history, and the Max airliner is the newest version of it, with more fuel-efficient engines. The Max is a central part of Boeing's strategy to compete with European rival Airbus. Boeing has delivered about 350 737 Max planes and has orders for more than 5,000. It is already in use by many airlines including American, United and Southwest.

A carousel is a popular amusement ride consisting of a rotating circular platform with seats for riders. These seats are traditionally in the form of rows of wooden horses or other animals mounted on posts, many of which are moved up and down by gears to simulate galloping. Carousels are commonly found at amusement parks and fairs. The term is also used to describe rotating conveyors used in airports for delivering checked baggage to passengers.

• Which carousel will the luggage from Flight AA333 be on?

• All passengers arriving from New York can pick up their luggage from carousel 4.

• If YVR Airport is your final destination and you have checked luggage, go to the baggage claim area and look for the carousel that corresponds to your flight. Please note that in some cases, two flights may share the same carousel.

• The children were delighted to ride on the brightly colored carousel at the amusement park.
  We waited by the baggage carousel for our luggage to appear.
  
  

The word "carrier" refers to a person or an entity that carries, transports, or holds something. In different contexts, it can have various meanings. For instance, in the field of telecommunications, a carrier is a company that provides voice and data services. In biology, a carrier might refer to an organism that carries a gene for a particular trait, especially one that is recessive and not expressed in the phenotype. Additionally, in the context of diseases, a carrier is an individual who harbors a pathogen without displaying symptoms but who can still spread the disease. The carrier can also refer to a substance that facilitates the transport of another substance, as in a catalyst carrier in chemistry.

Carrier = a delivery person or company 

• If goods are lost in transit, the carrier will be liable for damages.

• One of our carriers will arrive at your house tomorrow at 4 p.m.

• We were promised that all products would be picked up by the carriers on Wednesday, however, the firm was not able to finish all orders on the same day.

Carrier = a company that operates aircraft

• Due to a dramatic drop in international travel, several air carriers have struggled greatly this year.

• By passengers carried, Air Canada is the fourth-largest carrier in North America. 

Carrier = someone or something who has a disease can give the disease to someone else

• Mosquitoes are a nuisance and can be carriers of malaria.

• There are an estimated 1.5 million HIV carriers in the country.

Carrier = a company that provides mobile services

• T-Mobile continues to see significant subscriber growth and has now moved past AT&T to become the nation's second-largest wireless carrier despite the coronavirus pandemic. 

• When it comes to the best mix of data plans, coverage, and perks, T-Mobile is a tough phone carrier to beat. While its merger with Sprint has introduced a few customer service struggles initially, T-Mobile still emerges as the best phone carrier, thanks to some great data plans, excellent perks, and a growing 5G network.

Carry-on baggage, carry-on luggage, or carry-on refers to the bags that you take inside an airplane with you.

• Passengers are allowed 20 kilos of baggage, plus one item of carry-on.

• I'm sorry, your carry-on is overweight. You will have to check it.

• I arrived at the airport early, so I had three hours to kill. I decided to get something to eat at the food court. Unfortunately, I didn't check my bags, so I had my baggage and carry-on with me. I lugged them with me, but when I got to the food court, all of the tables were taken.

A Frequent Flyer Program is a loyalty scheme offered by many airlines to reward customers who travel regularly with them. Members of these programs accumulate points or miles based on the distance flown on that airline or its partners. These points can be redeemed for various benefits such as free flights, upgrades, hotel stays, car rentals, and more. The more a member flies, the more rewards they can earn, and they often achieve higher tiers of membership which come with additional privileges such as lounge access and priority boarding.

• I got some frequent flyer miles, so I bought a ticket to New Work.

• Frequent flyer programs have become a popular promotional tool that large air carriers use to develop consumer loyalty.

• Air Berlin's frequent flyer program – register online now free of charge and get up to 500 Welcome-Miles!

The term "in-flight" refers to activities, services, or events that occur while on board an aircraft during a flight. This can include in-flight entertainment, meals, and services provided by the cabin crew to ensure passenger comfort and safety. The term is commonly used to describe anything happening from the moment the airplane doors close at departure until they open upon landing. For example, in-flight movies are films shown to passengers during the flight.

• I always read the in-flight magazine.

• Attention, passengers. We are now providing duty-free services. If you wish to make a purchase, you can browse through the in-flight magazine in the seat pocket. 

• American Airlines is pleased to offer extensive in-flight entertainment with hundreds of movies, music, and TV shows at your fingertips. On most flights, you can stream our free library to your phone, tablet, or laptop. All entertainment is available to watch everywhere on Wi-Fi-equipped American Airlines flights.

• The Boeing company has expressed concerns about in-flight entertainment systems and USB connections that could give hackers access to a plane's computer.

• The airline offers complimentary in-flight meals on international flights.

• Passengers can make in-flight purchases from the duty-free catalog.

Jet lag refers to the range of symptoms experienced by travelers who cross multiple time zones in a short period. The body's internal clock (circadian rhythms) becomes out of sync with the external environment, leading to disturbances in sleep, mood, digestion, and other bodily functions. It is particularly common among long-haul flight passengers.

• Every time I fly to the States, I get really bad jet lag. 

• The first time I was seriously jet-lagged was a 12-hour time zone shift from our home location. That was pretty serious and took us about two weeks to get over it.

• One way to avoid jet lag is to stay hydrated.

• After flying from New York to Tokyo, she suffered from severe jet lag and couldn't sleep at night

• Many business travelers use melatonin to help adjust their body clocks and reduce the effects of jet lag.

• To minimize jet lag, it's advised to adapt to the local time zone as quickly as possible upon arrival. 

A layover refers to a break between consecutive flights, during which passengers can leave the plane and spend time at the airport. Layovers can vary in duration and are a common aspect of international and long-distance travel. This term is especially relevant when booking flights that require changing planes, as a longer layover might offer an opportunity to explore the airport's city briefly.

• You'll have about a three-hour layover before your connecting flight.

• I have a layover in Los Angeles for four hours before boarding my plane to Shanghai.

• I mostly just grab a bite to eat or take a snap during my layover.

• During our layover in Tokyo, we managed to visit a few nearby attractions.

• Some travelers prefer longer layovers to explore the city around the airport.

A long-haul flight refers to a flight that covers a significant distance and has a lengthy duration, typically over six hours. These flights often cross multiple time zones and require larger, more capable aircraft. Airlines frequently provide additional amenities and services to help passengers manage the longer time spent on board.

• I really don't like long-haul flights and wished we had a stopover somewhere, but we really need to get back on that day and we don't have time.

• The new Lufthansa Business Class seat can be converted into a fully flat bed that is almost two meters long—just the thing for relaxing during a long-haul flight.

• I always make sure to bring a neck pillow and a good book on a long-haul flight.

• Many airlines offer upgraded meals and extra legroom to make long-haul flights more comfortable.

A "red-eye flight" refers to a flight that departs late at night and arrives early the next morning, typically taking off after 9 p.m. and arriving by 5 or 6 a.m. The term "red-eye" derives from the symptom of having red, tired eyes that many passengers experience due to the late travel hours and lack of sleep. These flights are common for long-distance travel across time zones, and while they can be efficient for maximizing daytime hours at the destination, they can also disrupt normal sleep patterns, leading to fatigue.

• I'm catching a red-eye flight to Boston.

• My parents and I had several hours to kill before a red-eye flight back to Chicago.

• I read this novel overnight on a red-eye flight.

• We arrived at the hotel at around 8 a.m. because we flew in on a red-eye flight from the west coast.

A stopover refers to a stay (usually over 12 hours) at a location between the origin and destination of a journey, especially during long-distance travel. It is often used in the context of air travel but can apply to any mode of transportation. Stopovers can vary in duration and are sometimes used strategically by travelers to break up a long journey or explore a new city without additional travel costs.

• I'll have a 20-hour stopover in Dubai. I think I am gonna go shopping in Dubai city.

• Our tickets to Australia include a stopover for two nights in Singapore. 

• If you're traveling from Europe to Australia, it's recommended that you have a stopover either in Los Angeles or Dubai.

• The Seol is a favorite stopover for tourists.

The word "stow" means to put away or pack items in a compact and orderly manner, typically in a designated space. It is often used in contexts where space is limited, such as packing luggage, loading cargo, or tidying up an area. For example, one might stow gear on a ship, ensuring that everything is securely placed to prevent movement during transit. 

• All of our camping equipment is stowed in the attic.

• During boarding, one of my jobs as a flight attendant is to help passengers stow their bags.

• Overhead bins fill up quickly, and other passengers can rush to stow their carry-ons in them. There's just no guarantee that you'll get the overhead bin right above you or even nearby.

• To ensure your safety, we would like to remind you that all electronic devices must be switched off during takeoff and landing. Please be seated with your seatback straight up, seat belt fastened, and tray table closed. We also ask that all your carry-on items be securely stowed in the overhead compartment or under the seat in front of you. We will be taking off immediately.

Turbulence refers to a state of disorder or confusion, often used to describe irregular, chaotic motion in fluids, such as air or water. It is commonly experienced as unstable, rough conditions in the atmosphere, particularly noticeable during airplane flights. Turbulence can also apply to situations in life or business where conditions are unpredictable and rapidly changing. 

• Due to changing air current, there will be some turbulence.

• We experienced severe turbulence during the flight.

• Ladies and gentlemen, we will be passing through some turbulence shortly.

• Attention passengers, This is your captain speaking. We are experiencing some turbulence, so please remain seated with your seat belts fastened until the seat belt sign is turned off. Thank you for your cooperation.

• Turbulence is just some sort of change in the air around your plane. For example, mountains and other geographic structures cause turbulence when air moves up or down, and that ripple effect can last a long time.