TOEFL® Word List

Definition: The official power to make legal decisions and judgments

Example sentences:

• The equitable jurisdiction of the court appears to have been established.

Justification is a good reason or explanation for something. Here are example sentences:

• There is no justification for treating people so badly.
• It can be said, with some justification, that she is one of the greatest actresses on the English stage today.

To juxtapose​ is to place different things together in order to create an interesting effect or to show how they are the same or different

• This is an interesting display that juxtaposes modern art with classical art.

If something is justifiable, there is a good reason for it. For example:

• Her actions were quite justifiable in the circumstances.

To justify is to provide or be a good reason for.  For example:

•  I can't really justify taking another day off work.
• He tried to justify his behavior by saying that he was being pressured unfairly by his boss.
• The fact that we are at war does not justify treating innocent people as criminals.
• It's hard to justify the cost of a new car right now. = It's hard to justify spending money on a new car right now.

The juxtaposition of two contrasting objects, images, or ideas is the fact that they are placed together or described together, so that the differences between them are emphasized. In art, this usually is done with the intention of bringing out a specific quality or creating an effect, particularly when two contrasting or opposing elements are used.

Here are example sentences:

• Growing out of Dada during World War I, Surrealism began in the early 1920s, and is best known for its visual artworks that feature the element of surprise and unexpected juxtapositions.
•  Renee Magritte….a meticulous, skillful technician, he is noted for works that contain an extraordinary juxtaposition of ordinary objects or an unusual context that gives new meaning to familiar things.