多益閱讀文法 - 副詞子句

什麼是副詞子句

多益測驗常將「副詞子句的連接詞」、「介系詞」和「副詞」放在ABCD選項裡混考，因為他們配合的主要子句都是完整句，這讓考生更容易選錯答案。因此在開始答題前，同學們必須了解以下文法句型：

(1) 副詞子句連接詞 + 主詞 + 動詞, 主詞 + 動詞 (完整句)

(2) 副詞，主詞 + 動詞 (完整句).

(3) 介系詞 + 名詞或動名詞, 主詞 + 動詞 (完整句)

下面我為大家用簡單例句做各種連接詞和易混淆的介系詞做比較：

表達時間的副詞子句連接詞

▶️ since = 自從

 It has been 5 years since I studied in England .  

自我到英國念書以來都已經五年了。

She has learned to play the piano since 1999. 

自從 1999 年以來，她就開始學鋼琴。(介系詞用法)

▶️ until = 直到...才

I cannot leave until I finish my work.  

我要直到完成工作才能離開。

I cannot leave until six in the morning.  

我要直到早上六點才能離開。(介系詞用法)

▶️ by the time… / by…  = 到 ... 的時候

By the time I got there, she had already left. 

在我抵達之前，她已經不見人影了。

You need to submit the report by Friday. 

週五前你必須繳交報告。(介系詞用法)

▶️ while/when/during  = 當 ... (在 … 期間)

While/when she was writing the letter, the doorbell rang. 

當她在寫信的時候，門鈴響了。

I prefer to work during the night.

我比較喜歡在晚上工作。

▶️ Once  = 一旦

Once I make a decision, I'll never regret it.

 一旦我做出決定，我絕不會後悔。

▶️ As soon as…/ On…/ Upon… =  一 ... 就 ...

As soon as I finish my work, I'll join you for lunch.

我一完成工作，就找你一起吃午飯。

Upon opening the package, she noticed something was missing.

一打開包裹，她就發現少了一樣東西。(介系詞用法)

▶️ Before/prior to  = 在 ... 之前; after/following =  在 … 之後

 I have to finish this report before I leave the office today. 

我必須在今天離開辦公室之前完成這份報告。

 The university requires students to complete certain requirements before graduation. 

大學要求學生在畢業前完成某些要求。(介系詞用法)

After he finishes his speech, there will be a farewell party.

在他結束演講後，將會有個送別派對。

Following the speech, there will be a farewell party. 

演講後，將會有個送別派對。(介系詞用法)

Tenants should clean the apartment a few days prior to the move-out date.

租戶應在搬出日前幾天清掃公寓。(介系詞用法)

多益例題: _____ the labor agreement was signed, the factory resumed the production of new cars.

(A) As if

(B) As soon as

(C) Whatever

(D) Except

表達條件的副詞子句連接詞

▶️ Unless =  除非

We won't be able to move to a bigger place unless we find a better paying job.

除非我們找到一份薪水更高的工作，否則我們將無法搬到更大的地方。

▶️ If = 如果

If the weather gets better, I will attend the event.  

如果天氣變好，我就會參加活動。

Refunds are only available if items are returned within seven days. 

僅當商品在 7 天內退回時才可退款。

▶️ Whether = 不論; 是否

Whether you go by bus or train. you're going to be late 

不論你是搭公車還是火車，都會遲到的。

In case (that) S + V = In case of + N / Ving 萬一; 以免

We have booked an indoor venue in case it rains tomorrow. 

我們已經預訂了一個室內場地，以防明天下雨。

We have booked an indoor venue in case of  rain. 

我們已經預訂了一個室內場地，以防明天下雨。(介系詞用法)

▶️ In the event that S = In the event of + N / Ving  = 在這個情況下 

In the event that the performance is canceled, you can get your money back. 

在表演被取消的狀況下，你可以拿回你的錢。

In the event of a fire, please use the emergency exits to evacuate the building.

發生火災時，請使用緊急出口疏散離開建築物。(介系詞用法)

▶️ On condition that S + V = 在 … 條件下

I will lend you my car on condition that you return it by tomorrow evening.

我把我的車借給你，條件是你明天晚上還車。

I will lend you my car on condition of its return by tomorrow evening.

我把我的車借給你，條件是明天晚上還車。(介系詞用法)

▶️ Assuming that S + V = Suppose S+V  = 假設…(是真的或對的)的話

Assuming that the earth is round, we should meet one day.

假設地球是圓的，我們有一天會遇到的。

Suppose you won the lottery—what would you do with the money?

假設你中了彩券——你會用這筆錢做什麼？

▶️ As long as  S + V = 只要..

I can lend you some money, as long as you promise to give it back, including 10% interest.

我可以借你錢，只要你承諾會還我，包含10%的利息。

多益例題:  _____ the appliance breaks down within a year of purchase, the manufacturer is required to send the buyer a replacement at no charge.

(A) While

(B) Until

(C) Since

(D) If

多益例題:  The goal of ending poverty would be achievable ____ consumption per person in developing countries increases by around 4 percent a year.

(A) whereas

(B) even 

(C) in order that

(D) as long as