多益閱讀文法 - 假設語氣

假設語氣第零類 The Zero Conditional

▶️  用來描述一般必然發生的情況，通常會用來描述真理、天然現象、科學現象。

If + 主詞 + 現在式動詞 …, 主詞 + 現在式動詞 …

主詞 + 現在式動詞 … if 主詞 +  現在式動詞 …

Ice melts if you heat it.

如果加熱，冰會融化。

Plants die if they don't get enough water.

植物如果得不到足夠的水就會死亡。

If you mix blue and yellow, you get green.

如果你混合藍色和黃色，你會得到綠色。

▶️ 用來表示指令  (祈使句)

If + 主詞 + 現在式動詞 …, 原形動詞 …

原形動詞 … if + 主詞 + 現在式動詞 …

If you feel sick, call a doctor.

如果您感到不適，請就醫。

Don't stay up late if you are tired.

累了就不要熬夜。

Let me know if you need help.

如果您需要幫助，請告訴我。

假設語氣第一類 The First Conditional

If it rains tomorrow, I  will stay at home.

如果明天下雨的話，我將會待在家裡。

If I save enough money, I will go on a cruise.

如果我存夠錢的話，我會去搭乘遊輪。

If we go to Africa, we will go on a safari.

如果我們去非洲的話，我們會去野生動物園。

If it rains, I won't go anywhere.

如果下雨的話，我哪都不去。

If you invite Joe to the party, he will be over the moon.

如果你約 Joe 來參加派對的話，他一定會很高興的。

If it doesn't rain soon, the water level in the reservoir will continue to drop.

如果不馬上下雨的話，水庫的水位還會繼續下降。

I will buy you dinner if I get the job.

我會請你吃飯，如果我得到這份工作的話。

We can make a snow angel in the yard if it snows tomorrow.

我們可以在院子裡做一個雪天使，如果明天下雪的話。

假設語氣第二類 The Second Conditional

If I had more time, I would take the Japanese course.

如果我有更多時間的話，我會去上日文課。

If I moved to the U.S., I would learn English faster.

如果我搬到美國的話，我英語會學得更快。

If the weather wasn't so bad, we’d go to the park. 

如果天氣不是那麼糟糕的話，我們會去公園。

If I were the president, I would focus on tackling climate change.

如果我是總統的話，我會專注於應對氣候變化。

If I were rich, I could buy a big house. 

如果我有錢的話，我可以買一棟大房子。

I would go and see her if I knew where she lived.

我會去看她，如果我知道她住在哪裡的話。 

I would drive to the beach every weekend if I had a car.

我每個週末都會開車去海灘，如果我有車的話。

假設語氣第三類 The Third Conditional

If it had rained, you would have gotten wet.

如果下雨，你就會被淋濕。

You would have passed the final exam if you had studied harder.

如果你更認真念書，你就會通過期末考試。

You could have been on time if you had caught the bus.

如果你有趕上公車，你本來可以準時的。

If I had known you were in the hospital, I would have visited you.

如果我知道你在醫院，我會去看你的。

I'd have bought you a present if I'd known it was your birthday.

如果我知道今天是你的生日，我會給你買禮物。

If I had known the cost of the repair beforehand, I wouldn't have bought the car in the first place.

如果我事先知道維修的費用，我一開始就不會買這輛車了。

假設語氣第二類跟三類混合形

If I had finished my assignments sooner, I could be out with friends now.

如果我早點完成作業，我現在就可以和朋友出去了。

We would be on a beach in Miami by now if we hadn't missed our flight.

如果我們沒有錯過班機的話，我們現在應該已經在邁阿密的海灘上了。

If you hadn't failed this class in your freshman year, you wouldn't need to retake this class this semester.

如果你大一這門課沒有被當掉的話，你這學期就不需要重修這門課了。

If I had studied harder in my first year of high school, I wouldn't have to go to cram schools now. 

如果我高一認真讀書的話，我現在就不用補習。

were to 假設語氣的使用方式

If I were to let the manager know I have made so many mistakes at work, he would kill me.

如果我讓經理知道我在工作中犯了這麼多錯誤，他會殺了我。

If I were to live in another city, I would live in Paris.

如果我要住在另一個城市，我會住在巴黎。

If Emma were to fail her driving test next Friday, she would have to retake it.

如果艾瑪下週五的駕駛考試不及格，她就不得不重考。