過去完成進行式
重點整理 |
過去完成進行式公式:had been + 現在分詞 * 現在分詞是一種動詞形式,結尾為「–ing」。例如,enjoying(享受中),raining(正在下雨),speaking(正在說話)等,我們在文法書上常用「Ving 」來代表現在分詞。
我們用「過去完成進行式」來表示「在過去某個時間點之前,某個動作都一直持續著」。「過去完成進行式」涉及過去的兩個時間點,因此「過去完成進行式」必須與另一個過去式副詞子句或是副詞片語連用,不能單獨存在。如果看到像下面這樣的句子結構,那就是「過去完成進行式」:
(1) 主詞 + had been Ving + until/before/by the time/when + 主詞 + 過去動詞 (2) 主詞 + 過去動詞 + because/since + 主詞 + had been Ving |
▶️ 主詞 + had been Ving + until/before/by the time/when + 主詞 + 過去動詞

Jane's roommate had been cooking dinner before Jane got back from work.
Jane下班回來之前,Jane 的室友一直在煮晚飯。
I had been working part-time at a convenience store until I got a full-time job last May.
在去年五月找到一份全職工作之前,我一直在一家便利商店兼職。 ‘
By the time Kate arrived home, she had been driving for 5 hours.
Kate 到家時,她已經持續開了 5 個小時的車。
I had been feeling unwell for a few days before I went to see the doctor.
在我去看醫生之前,我已經感覺身體不適幾天了。
She had been working for two hours when someone called.
有人打電話給她時,她已經持續工作了兩小時。
▶️ 主詞 + 過去動詞 + because/since + 主詞 + had been Ving

The traffic was bad last month because a road construction had been going on for weeks.
上個月的交通很糟糕,因為修路已經進行了數週了。
We decided to buy a new car since our old one hadn't been working for months.
我們決定買一輛新車,因為我們的舊車已經壞了好幾個月了。