動名詞
重點整理 |
動名詞跟現在分詞型態都是「 動詞原型後面加ing」(可以用 V-ing 來表示 ),不同的是,現在分詞扮演的詞性是「形容詞」,用來修飾名詞,動名詞則是將動詞轉化成名詞的用法,功用與名詞一樣,可以當句子的主詞、受詞或補語。動名詞的功能 : (一) 動名詞當主詞 (二) 動名詞當主詞補語 (三) 動名詞當受詞補語 (四) 動名詞當受詞 (五) 動名詞在介系詞跟所有格後 |
▶️ 動名詞當主詞
名詞其中一個很重要的功能就是扮演主詞的角色。當動詞置於主詞位置時,可使用不定詞或動名詞形式。要特別留意的是:一個動名詞等同於一個名詞,應使用單數動詞。以此類推,當動名詞為兩個或兩個以上時,應使用複數動詞。
Finding a niche in the market is crucial for small businesses to survive.
在市場中尋找利基對於小企業的生存至關重要。
Outsourcing manufacturing to overseas companies allows companies to save on operational costs and take advantage of lower labor and production costs overseas.
將製造外包給海外公司可以讓公司節省營運成本並利用海外較低的勞動力和生產成本。
▶️ 動名詞當主詞補語
動名詞在第二大句型中 (主詞 + 動詞 + 主詞補語) 當主詞補語 (第 6 堂課)
The goal of rebranding is creating a unique and compelling brand image in the hearts and minds of consumers.
品牌轉型的目標是在消費者心中創造獨特而引人注目的品牌形象。
James' hobby is listening to music.
詹姆斯的愛好是聽音樂。
▶️ 動名詞當受詞補語
動名詞在第五大句型中 (主詞 + 動詞 + 受詞 + 受詞補語) 當受詞補語 (第 6 堂課)
(1) keep、find、leave + 受詞 + 形容詞/動名詞/過去分詞
I am sorry to keep you waiting.
很抱歉讓您久等了。
Don't leave the water running while you are brushing your teeth.
刷牙時不要讓水流著。
(2) 感官動詞 see、notice、hear、smell、catch + 受詞 + 動名詞/原形動詞
I saw Mr. Lee apologizing to his clients for being late.
我看到李先生為遲到向他的客戶道歉。
I overheard Mr. Harris talking about giving Bill a promotion.
我無意中聽到哈里斯先生說要給比爾升職。
▶️ 動名詞當受詞
動名詞在第三大句型中 (主詞 + 動詞 + 受詞) 當受詞 (第 6 堂課)
New small businesses should avoid competing against companies that provide a similar range of services or products.
新成立的小型企業應避免與提供類似服務或產品的公司競爭。
I advocate expanding our company's product line to increase our sales.
我主張擴大我們公司的產品線以增加我們的銷售額。
We should consider selling products through distributors and agents to break into overseas markets.
我們應該考慮透過經銷商和代理商銷售產品以打入海外市場。
It is uncommon for businesses to continue selling products that are losing money.
企業繼續銷售賠錢產品的情況並不常見。
I want to finish editing the report by the end of this week.
我想在本週末之前完成編輯報告。
We should discontinue selling this product as it is no longer in demand.
我們應該停止銷售該產品,因為它不再有需求。
The museum does not permit smoking.
博物館不允許吸煙。
If things keep going like this, we'll have to close the business.
如果情況繼續這樣的話,我們就不得不關門了。
He proposed dealing directly with the suppliers.
他提議直接和供應商打交道。.
下面列出後面經常接動名詞的動詞 :動詞後接動
喜好類動詞 enjoy (享受)、 like (喜歡)、dislike (不喜歡)、love (喜愛)、 hate (討厭)、 prefer (比較喜歡)
感受跟心情類動詞 feel like (想要做某事)、mind (介意)、miss (想念)、appreciate (感激)、imagine (想像)、can't help (忍不住)、can't stand (受不了)、can't bear (無法忍受)、regret (後悔)
允許類 permit (允許)、avoid (避免)
繼續跟停止類動詞 resume/continue/go on/keep (繼續)、discontinue (中斷)、begin/start (開始)、stop (停止)
建議跟意見種類動詞 suggest (建議)、recommend (推薦)、consider (考慮)、 advocate (主張)、propose (建議)
其他動詞 practice (練習)、 give up (放棄)、 risk (冒險)、finish (完成)、admit (承認)、delay (延後)、deny (不承認) |
▶️ 介系詞跟所有格後接動名詞
我們在第一堂課學到在介系詞後面要接名詞,所以如果是動詞接在介系詞後面,動詞必須以動名詞形態出現。.
We are currently in the process of hiring employees.
我們目前正在招聘員工。
The cost of running a business is going to go up if we are going to give a raise to our employees.
如果我們要給員工加薪,經營企業的成本就會上升。
By taking a proactive approach to your finances, you can avoid debt and save for your future.
對您的財務採取積極主動的態度,您可以避免債務並為您的未來儲蓄。
多益例題: The leaflet has been produced with the aim of _____ public awareness of the disease.
(A) to increase
(B) increase
(C) increases
(D) increasing
此題答案為 (D)。
翻譯:製作傳單的目的是提高公眾對該疾病的認識。 |
多益例題: Mr. Brown said that the top priority right now is _____ on all stocks in the warehouse to verify if the numbers on the computer inventory system are accurate.
(A) take inventory
(B) to taking inventory
(C) taking inventory
(D) to be taken inventory
此題答案為 (C)。
翻譯:布朗先生說,現在當務之急是把倉庫裡的所有存貨都盤點過,以核實電腦盤點系統上的數字是否準確。 |
多益例題: After facing pressure from the public for weeks, ABC Cosmetics admitted _____ toxic chemicals into the ocean.
(A) be dumping
(B) to dump
(C) having dumped
(D) dumped
此題答案為 (C)。
翻譯:在面臨公眾壓力數週後,ABC Cosmetics 承認已將有毒化學物質傾倒到海洋中。 |
多益例題: In addition to _____ an eye out for special deals on flight booking sites, another way to get a cheaper flight ticket is to fly off-season.
(A) keeping
(B) keep
(C) to keeping
(D) being kept
此題答案為 (A)。
翻譯:除了留意航班預訂網站上的特價優惠外,另一種獲得便宜機票的方法是在旅遊淡季飛行。 |
多益例題: It is worth _____ the blue-chip stocks as they are issued by well-known, high-quality companies that are leaders in their industries.
(A) to buy
(B) buying
(C) to buying
(D) buy
此題答案為(B)。
翻譯:買藍籌股是值得的,因為他們是由業界領先、知名的優質公司發行的。 藍籌股 = 績優股 |