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多益閱讀文法 - Present, Past, and Future Perfect Continuous Tense

In this lesson, we'll delve into the perfect continuous tenses in English. The core concept of perfect continuous tense refers to continuing to do something until a certain point in time. The perfect continuous tense includes present perfect continuous tense, past perfect continuous tense, and future perfect continuous tense.  In this lesson, we'll go through various examples and usage scenarios of perfect tenses. We are confident that by the end, you'll have a much clearer understanding of this grammatical concept.

目錄

Present Perfect Continuous

Key Points

The Present Perfect Continuous Formula: has/have been + present participle
A present participle is a verb form that ends in “–ing”. For example, “enjoying”, “raining”, “speaking”, etc.


Present perfect continuous tense is used to show an action that began in the past and continues up until the present moment. It is formed using “has/have been + the present participle (the -ing form of the verb)”. For example, "I have been reading this book for two hours."

Subject + have/has been present participle +

over/for/during + past period of time
since + elapsed time
since + subject + past tense verb

so far/up to the present time/up to now
lately/recently/these days

We have been looking at houses over the past three months. We want to move out.
Ryan has been looking for a job during the past four months.
It has been raining since last week.

I have been waiting for the bus for an hour. I am going to be late for work.
I've been working on this report since eight o'clock this morning.
Mike hasn't been feeling well lately, so he took a day off school.

Brad has been sneezing and coughing the whole day. He must have caught a cold from someone yesterday.
Over the past few years, I have been reading at least one book every month.

Past Perfect Continuous

Key Points

The Past Perfect Continuous Formula: had been + present participle
A present participle is a verb form that ends in “–ing”. For example, “enjoying”, “raining”, “speaking”, etc.


Past perfect continuous tense is used to show an action that began and was occurring up until another action in the past. It is formed using “had been + the present participle”. For example, "I had been studying when my friend arrived."


If you see a sentence structure like the following, it is using the past perfect continuous tense:


(1) Subject + had been + present participle + until/before/by the time/when + subject + past verb
(2) Subject + past verb + because/since + subject + had been + present participle

Jane's roommate had been cooking dinner before Jane got back from work.
I had been working part-time at a convenience store until I got a full-time job last May.
By the time Kate arrived home, she had been driving for 5 hours.

I had been feeling unwell for a few days before I went to see the doctor.
She had been working for two hours when someone called.

▶️ Subject + past verb + because/since + subject + had been Ving

The traffic was bad last month because road construction had been going on for weeks.
We decided to buy a new car since our old one hadn't been working for months.

Future Perfect Continuous

Key Points

The Future Perfect Continuous Formula: will have been + present participle
A present participle is a verb form that ends in “–ing”. For example, “enjoying”, “raining”, “speaking”, etc.


Future perfect continuous tense is used to show an action that will begin in the future and will continue up until a particular time in the future. It is formed using “will have been + present participle". For example, "I will have been working for eight hours by the time you arrive."

Subject + will have been Ving + for + time +

by + future time
by the time + future time
by the time/before/when/the next time + subject + present verb + future time

I will have been working here for a year by July.
By the time I arrive home, I will have been driving for 6 hours.
By this time next month, I will have been preparing for the TOEIC test for a year.

This case will have been going on for over a year before it is settled.
I will have been training for a marathon for three months by July.
She will have been living in Taipei for one year next month.

Future Perfect Continuous


Key Points

The Future Perfect Continuous Formula: will have been + present participle
A present participle is a verb form that ends in “–ing”. For example, “enjoying”, “raining”, “speaking”, etc.


Future perfect continuous tense is used to show an action that will begin in the future and will continue up until a particular time in the future. It is formed using “will have been + present participle". For example, "I will have been working for eight hours by the time you arrive." 



If you see a sentence structure like the following, it uses the future perfect continuous tense:

Subject + will have been Ving + for + time + 

by  + future time
by the time + future time
by the time/before/when/the next time + subject + present verb + future time




I will have been working here for a year by July.
By the time I arrive home, I will have been driving for 6 hours.
By this time next month, I will have been preparing for the TOEIC test for a year.
This case will have been going on for over a year before it is settled.
I will have been training for a marathon for three months by July. 
She will have been living in Taipei for one year next month. 

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