多益閱讀文法 - Quantifiers

Quantifiers Followed by Singular Countable Nouns

Quantifiers that are used with singular countable nouns include "every", "each", "another", "either", "neither", and "the other". With the exception of "the other", these quantifiers must always be used with singular countable nouns. Further, according to the rules of subject-verb agreement, if these quantifiers along with a singular countable noun form the subject of a sentence, they must be followed by a verb in the singular form.
▶️ each, every + singular countable noun + singular verb
Every fan in the stadium is cheering loudly.

I want to eat every piece of this delicious pie.
The show will be broadcast every weekday morning.
Each student needs to give an oral presentation in turn.

They audit our company's accounts each year.
Another usage of Every: every three months (every three months), every two hours (every two hours)
For many ex-employees who are used to having a paycheque arrive regularly every two weeks, the uncertainty of being self-employed is very difficult to deal with.

▶️another + singular countable noun + singular verb
Can you pick another movie to watch? This one is pretty bad.
I don't like this restaurant. Let's go to another one around the corner.

Another table is needed.
We can fit another person in my car.
I'm going to have another piece of cake.

▶️the other + singular countable noun + singular verb
▶️the other + plural countable noun + plural verb
The term 'the other' is used to refer to 'the rest' when dividing two or more entities into two groups. When coupled with a singular countable noun, 'the other' signifies one remaining entity. When used with a plural countable noun, 'the other' refers to the remaining entities, indicating there is more than one."

I can't find the other sock.
Let's meet at the other side of the building.
His resume stands out from the other job candidates' resumes.

I have handed in one assignment, but I haven't finished the other assignments.
When you want to express "someone's other", "other” can be preceded by his/her/my/your/their... etc.
His other son goes to high school.

This is my other car.
What is in your other hand?
The phrase "the other half" is used to refer to the remaining 50% of something.

Do you want the other half of my bagel?
He kept the other half of the cake for himself.
▶️ either, neither + singular countable noun + singular verb

“Either” and “neither” are also common determiners. Either and neither can only be followed by singular countable nouns.
Either candidate is ideal for the job.
Neither candidate is qualified for this job.

Here are two dresses. I think you'll look great in either dress.
▶️ Pronouns: either/neither/both
“Either”, ”neither”, and “both” can be used as pronouns. The pronouns "either", "neither", and "both" can be used when making a choice between two options. Use "either" when either of the two options is acceptable. Use "neither" when none of the options are acceptable. Use "both" when both options are acceptable, if possible. Here's an example to illustrate:

Q: Would you like potatoes or salad with your steak?
A: Either works for me
B: Neither work for me

C: Both work for me
The pronouns 'either', 'neither', and 'both' are also often followed by the word 'of'. It's important to remember that when used this way, 'either of', 'neither of', and 'both of' must be followed by plural countable nouns.
▶️ either of + plural countable noun + singular verb

▶️ neither of + plural countable noun + plural verb
▶️ both of + plural countable noun + plural verb
Either of us needs to do the laundry.

I don't mind dating either of the two girls.
Neither of the candidates have job experience.
We won neither of the races because neither of us trained hard enough.

▶️ none of + noun + plural verb or singular verb
The verb following "none of something" can be either singular or plural, depending on the context. If you're referring to an uncountable noun or a group as a single entity, a singular verb is used. However, if you're emphasizing the individual elements of a group, you could use a plural verb. It's important to note that American English usually uses a singular verb, while British English might use either.

None of the money was/were stolen.
None of the people attending the conference was/were familiar with the topic.
None of the workers has/have signed the contract yet.

Example: Did you remember John mentioned that we could take ________ public transport vehicle? He said that both vehicles will lead us to his house.
(A) neither
(B) either

(C) neither of
(D) either of

Quantifiers Followed by Plural Countable Nouns

Quantifiers such as 'other', 'both', 'several', 'few', 'a few', 'quite a few', 'many', and 'a number of' can only be used before plural countable nouns. Also, in line with the subject-verb agreement rule, when these quantifiers are used in a subject, the verb that follows must be in its plural form.
▶️other + plural countable noun + plural verb
One passenger was dead and two other passengers were injured in the car accident.
I am taller than other people in my class.

▶️ few, a few, quite a few + plural countable noun + plural verb
The terms 'few', 'a few', and 'quite a few' convey different quantities. 'Few' suggests a small number, 'a few' implies some, and 'quite a few' signifies many. However, they can only be used before plural countable nouns.
I need to get a few things in town.

There are a few slices of cake left over from the party.
Quite a few people are lining up outside of the store.
I've been there quite a few times.

Few people are willing to change their lifestyles to save the Earth.
▶️ several, many, a number of + plural countable noun + plural verb
“Several”, “many”, and “a number of” all mean "many" and can only be followed by plural countable nouns.

I know several famous singers.
Many students bring cell phones to school.
A number of young people are not able to afford a house on their own.

Example: Nearly fifty percent of the population in Australia refuse to get a coronavirus jab. Should vaccination for people in Australia be mandatory? “_________ factors are being considered,” the Australian prime minister said.
(A) A large amount of
(B) A great deal of

(C) A number of
(D) A dozen of

Quantifiers Followed by Uncountable Nouns

Words such as "little," "a little," "not a little," "much," "a large/small amount of," "a great deal of," "a bit of," and "quite a bit of" are quantitative terms that must be followed by uncountable nouns. also, based on the subject-verb agreement rule, when any of the aforementioned terms is used as the subject with an uncountable noun, the verb following it must be in singular form.
▶️ little, a little + uncountable noun + singular verb
"Little" is primarily used to stress the insignificance of a quantity - to the point of being nearly negligible. for example, when you say "I have little time," it implies that you hardly have any time left. On the other hand, "a little" means a small amount but not to the point of insignificance. Examples include "a little water", "a little bread", "a little money", or "a little help." This signifies that while the quantity may be small, it is not entirely insignificant.

I have little confidence in winning.
I got very little sleep last night.
There is a little water in the bottle.

Can you lend me a little money?
There is a little juice left.
▶️a bit of + uncountable noun + singular verb

Would you like a bit of chocolate?
She tries to do a bit of

exercise every day.
▶️much, a great (good) deal of, a large/small amount of + uncountable noun + singular verb
This sweater doesn't cost much money.

Much research on the side effects of COVID-19 vaccines was carried out.
We've put a great deal of effort and money into this project.
There is a great deal of interest in investing in green technologies.

The sink had leaked a small amount of water.
China imports a large amount of grains from overseas.
This project received a large amount of funding from the government.

Example: Numerous nations are facing severe economic crises and massive layoffs due to the coronavirus pandemic. Currently, _________ advice is urgently needed from experts.
(A) several
(B) each

(C) much
(D) many

Quantifiers Followed by Plural Countable and Uncountable Nouns

There are several quantitative words that can be used with both plural countable nouns and uncountable nouns, such as: all, no, any, some, most, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large/small quantity of, a large or small percentage of, a portion of, enough, and half of.
When using these terms with plural countable nouns, it's important to follow with a plural verb. Conversely, if these terms are used with uncountable nouns, they should be followed by a singular verb.
▶️ any + singular countable noun, plural countable noun, uncountable noun

Any man can do this job.
Any day of this week is fine.
You can try on any shoes from this rack.

Raise your hand if you have any questions.
👉 Any is often used in negative sentences.
I don't have any cash on me.

She doesn't have any carry-on luggage.
PX Mart doesn't sell any sporting goods.
👉 Any is often used in interrogative sentences, which are usually about requests.

Is there any soup left?
Have you got any cookies?
Isn't there any way of solving this problem?

▶️ all, no, enough + plural countable nouns, uncountable nouns
No waiters are available to take our order.
No food is left on the table.

I have no time to cook a meal.
All the eggs got broken.
All beer is made from grains.

I have enough work to do at the moment.
Are there enough desserts for everyone?
▶️ any/some/no + other + singular, plural countable nouns, uncountable nouns

Does anyone have any other ideas?
I'm busy now. Can we talk about it some other time?
There is no other work available at the moment.

▶️ most, most of the + plural countable nouns, uncountable nouns
Most eligible voters went to the polls.
Most kids like bumper cars.

Most bread we sell is made with organic ingredients.
In this school, most of the children are from the Chinese community.

▶️ a lot of, lots of, plenty of + plural countable nouns, uncountable nouns
The event raised a lot of money.
The government awarded a lot of grants to small businesses.

The charity received lots of donations.
A lot of proceeds from the festival went to local charities.
There is plenty of beer in the fridge.

We've got plenty of time.
I've been to plenty of live rock concerts.
▶️ a large/small quantity of + plural countable nouns, uncountable nouns

A small quantity of oil leaked out of the car.
The tank is leaking a large quantity of oil.
Police found a large quantity of drugs in his possession.

▶️ a large/small percentage of, a percentage of, a large/small portion of, a portion of, half of, the rest of, one-third of + plural countable nouns, uncountable nouns
A very large portion of our income goes to pay the mortgage.
Half of the people I invited didn't show up.

I am free for the rest of the day.
One-third of the world's population consumes two-thirds of the world's resources.
One-fifth of America's teenagers are addicted to video games.

A percentage of advertising spending was spent on ads on You Tube.
I pay a small percentage of my salary for taxes.
Digital advertising budgets account for a large percentage of advertising spending.

Quantifiers Followed by Uncountable Nouns

Words such as "little," "a little," "not a little," "much," "a large/small amount of," "a great deal of," "a bit of," and "quite a bit of" are quantitative terms that must be followed by uncountable nouns. Furthermore, based on the subject-verb agreement rule, when any of the aforementioned terms is used as the subject with an uncountable noun, the verb following it must be in singular form. 

▶️ little, a little + uncountable noun + singular verb

"Little" is primarily used to stress the insignificance of a quantity - to the point of being nearly negligible. For instance, when you say "I have little time," it implies that you hardly have any time left. On the other hand, "a little" means a small amount but not to the point of insignificance. Examples include "a little water", "a little bread", "a little money", or "a little help." This signifies that while the quantity may be small, it is not entirely insignificant. 

I have little confidence in winning. 

I got very little sleep last night. 

There is a little water in the bottle.  

Can you lend me a little money? 

There is a little juice left. 

▶️a bit of + uncountable noun + singular verb

Would you like a bit of chocolate? 

She tries to do a bit of exercise every day. 

▶️much, a great (good) deal of, a large/small amount of + uncountable noun + singular verb

This sweater doesn't cost much money.

Much research on the side effects of COVID-19 vaccines was carried out.

We've put a great deal of effort and money into this project.

There is a great deal of interest in investing in green technologies.

The sink had leaked a small amount of water.

China imports a large amount of grains from overseas.

This project received a large amount of funding from the government.

Example: Numerous nations are facing severe economic crises as well as massive layoffs due to the coronavirus pandemic. Currently, _________ advice is urgently needed from experts.

(A) several 

(B) each 

(C) much 

(D) many

Quantifiers Followed by Plural Countable and Uncountable Nouns

There are several quantitative words that can be used with both plural countable nouns and uncountable nouns, such as: all, no, any, some, most, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large/small quantity of, a large or small percentage of, a portion of, enough, and half of. 

When using these terms with plural countable nouns, it's important to follow with a plural verb. Conversely, if these terms are used with uncountable nouns, they should be followed by a singular verb. 

▶️ any + singular countable noun, plural countable noun, uncountable noun

Any man can do this job. 

Any day of this week is fine. 

You can try on any shoes from this rack. 

Raise your hand if you have any questions. 

👉 Any is often used in negative sentences.

I don't have any cash on me. 

She doesn't have any carry-on luggage. 

PX Mart doesn't sell any sporting goods. 

👉 Any is often used in interrogative sentences, which are usually about requests.

Is there any soup left? 

Have you got any cookies? 

Isn't there any way of solving this problem? 

▶️ all, no, enough + plural countable nouns, uncountable nouns

No waiters are available to take our order. 

No food is left on the table.  

I have no time to cook a meal. 

All the eggs got broken. 

All beer is made from grains. 

I have enough work to do at the moment. 

Are there enough desserts for everyone? 

▶️  any/some/no + other + singular, plural countable nouns, uncountable nouns

Does anyone have any other ideas? 

I'm busy now. Can we talk about it some other time? 

There is no other work available at the moment. 

▶️ most, most of the + plural countable nouns, uncountable nouns

Most eligible voters went to the polls. 

Most kids like bumper cars.  

Most bread we sell is made with organic ingredients. 

In this school, most of the children are from the Chinese community. 

▶️  a lot of, lots of, plenty of + plural countable nouns, uncountable nouns

The event raised a lot of money. 

The government awarded a lot of grants to small businesses. 

The charity received lots of donations. 

A lot of proceeds from the festival went to local charities. 

There is plenty of beer in the fridge. 

We've got plenty of time. 

I've been to plenty of live rock concerts. 

▶️  a large/small quantity of + plural countable nouns, uncountable nouns

A small quantity of oil leaked out of the car. 

The tank is leaking a large quantity of oil. 

Police found a large quantity of drugs in his possession. 

▶️ a large/small percentage of, a percentage of, a large/small portion of, a portion of, half of, the rest of, one-third of + plural countable nouns, uncountable nouns

A very large portion of our income goes to pay the mortgage.

Half of the people I invited didn't show up.  

I am free for the rest of the day. 

One-third of the world's population consumes two-thirds of the world's resources.

One-fifth of America's teenagers are addicted to video games.

A percentage of advertising spending was spent on ads on YouTube.

I pay a small percentage of my salary for taxes. 

Digital advertising budgets account for a large percentage of advertising spending.